ed形容詞和ing形容詞辨析和練習(xí)9頁

1、ed形容詞和ing形容詞的用法區(qū)別一、傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)許多參考書認(rèn)為：-ing形容詞與表示事物的名詞連用，-ed形容詞與表示人的名詞連用。此說法在很多情況下是可行的，但表述欠準(zhǔn)確，在許多情況下卻是不可靠的。如：-ing 形容詞用于人的情況就比比皆是：假若你的老師說話幽默、講課生動(dòng)，那么不僅他的課非常interesting，而且你會(huì)說他是一個(gè) interesting man(有趣的人)。比較：Im interested in interesting people. 我對(duì)有趣的人感興趣。He was worried about his worrying son. 他為他令人擔(dān)憂的兒子感到擔(dān)憂。He wa

2、s annoyed with the annoying person. 他對(duì)這個(gè)討厭的人很生氣。另一方面，-ed 形容詞用于指物的情況也不少見。比較并體會(huì)：a frightened look 害怕的表情(指帶有這種“表情”的人感到害怕) a frightening look 嚇人的表情(指這種“表情”令人害怕) an excited talk 心情激動(dòng)的談話(指“談話”的人心情激動(dòng)) an exciting talk 令人激動(dòng)的談話(指聽“談話”的人心情激動(dòng)) 由于傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)說得太絕對(duì)，有時(shí)做起題來還可能會(huì)因此掉入命題人的陷阱，請(qǐng)看下面一題：_ do you think of your Eng

3、lish teacher? Is he _？A. What, interesting B. What, interestedC. How, interesting D. How, interested 此題考查兩方面的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：一是考查what do you think of與how do you like的用法區(qū)別(兩者搭配不同，但意思相同)；二是考查interesting與interested的用法區(qū)別。若套用以上關(guān)于-ing形容詞與-ed形容詞的區(qū)別，則可能將答案鎖定為D。但是錯(cuò)了，此題的最佳答案應(yīng)是A。二、正確的觀點(diǎn)關(guān)于-ing形容詞與-ed形容詞的區(qū)別，比較準(zhǔn)確的表述應(yīng)該是：1. 以后

4、綴ed結(jié)尾的形容詞(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于說明人，不用于說明事物，即使它們所修飾的名詞是事物，那它們指的也是與該事物相關(guān)的人。如：He had a pleased smile on his face. 他臉上露出了滿意的微笑。He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他聲音很激動(dòng)地告訴了我這個(gè)消息。第一句中的a pleased smile 意為“滿意的微笑”，它指的是某人因感到滿意發(fā)

5、出的微笑；第二句中的 a very excited voice 指的是“很激動(dòng)的聲音”，即指的是某人因很激動(dòng)而發(fā)生那樣的聲音。原則上，-ed 形容詞通常直接用于說明人，若修飾事物，則多為 air(神態(tài)), appearance(外貌), cry(哭聲), face(表情), voice(聲音), mood(情緒), mood(等顯示某人的情感狀況的名詞。2. 以后綴 -ing 結(jié)尾的形容詞(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying 等)主要用于說明事物，表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征，若用它

6、們說明人，則表示此人具有此性質(zhì)或特征。如：The story is very interesting. 這個(gè)故事很有趣。The man is very interesting. 這個(gè)人很有趣。請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^并體會(huì)以下句子：He is frightened. 他很害怕。He is frightening. 他很嚇人。He has a frightened look on his face. 他臉上帶有驚恐的神情。He has a frightening look on his face. 他臉上帶有嚇人的神情。I read an interested expression on his face. 我

7、看到他臉上露出一種感興趣的表情。I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他臉上露出一種有趣的表情。三、學(xué)練結(jié)合請(qǐng)做做以下試題，看你是否能克服原來的思維定勢(shì)，能否跳出命題人的陷阱：1. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry2. The little boy isnt getting on well in

8、maths and worse still, he is even unwilling to go to school. With her son _, she feels very _. A. disappointing;worrying B. disappointing;worried C. disappointed;worried D. disappointed;worrying3. After the Anti-terrorist War, the American soldiers returned home, _. A. safe but tired B. safely but t

9、ired C. safe and tiring D. safely and tiring4. As we all know, typing is a _ job to a _ heart. A. tired; tired B. tired; tiring C. tiring; tired D. tiring; tiring5. Poor boy! His_ looks and _hands suggested he was very afraid.A. frightful; trembling B. frightened; trembling C. frightening; trembled

10、D. frightened; trembly 答案與解析：1. 選A。句中的that punishthe law是定語從句。句意是：因?yàn)樗麄冃『⒌倪`法行為而懲罰其父母，這樣的法律使得做父母的感到憂慮。表示人“感到憂慮的”用由過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來的形容詞。2. 選B。句意是：由于她的兒子令人失望，她感到非常煩惱。表示“令人的”用 -ing 形容詞；表示“感到的”用 -ed形容詞。3. 選A。此題一方面考查形容詞作狀語(。此題一方面考查形容詞作狀語(當(dāng)形容詞用作狀語時(shí)，表示意義上的增補(bǔ)，和句子主語在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系)，另一方面考查形容詞tiring與tired的用法區(qū)別，此處填tired表示“人感到疲

11、憊的”，即選A。4. 選C。第一空填tiring，表示“使人勞累的”；第二空填tired，表示“感到勞累的”。5. 選B。第一空填frightened，其意為“感到害怕的”；第二空填trembling表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行。也就是說，frightened說明主語因而產(chǎn)生的情緒反應(yīng)，從而影響到人的身體部位trembling。 ed形式及常見短語與 ing形式形容詞歸納excited (be d about) / excitingsurprised (be d at) /surprisingamazed (be d at) /amazingembarrassed(be ed in) /embarrassi

12、ngencouraged(be ed at / by) / encouragingfrustrated (be d of) / frustratinginterested (be ed in) / interestingthrilled (be ed at) / thrillingterrified (be terrified at/ of / with) / terrifyingpleased (be d with) / pleasing, = pleasantsatisfied(be satisfied with) / satisfyingfrightened (be ed at / of

13、 ) / frighteningtired (be d of) / tiring bored (be d with) / boringrelaxed (無固定搭配) / relaxingfascinated (be d by) / fascinatingannoyed (be ed with) / annoyingmoved (be d by) / movingworried (be worried about) / worryingconfused (be confused about) / confusing練習(xí)：一用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的-ed形式或-ing形式填空1. The childre

14、n were _after the trip. （tire）2. The trip was_. （tire）3. The _children went to bed early after the trip. （tire）4. The _trip lasted a whole day. （tire）5. The trip made the children_. （tire）6. The bad weather made the trip_. （tire）7. Toms parents are _ at his _ results of the exams（disappoint）8. _and

15、angry, he left the meeting-room. （disappoint）9. It is _that he didnt pass the examination（disappoint）10. When hearing the_ news that Michael Jackson passed away, they were_to look at each other. （surprise）11. He was _ about his _ son. （worry）12. Im not _with his interpretation of this sentence. （sat

16、isfy）13. He was _with the _person. （annoy）14. A police car appeared on the road, the thief had a_ look on his face. （frighten）15. The situation here is _and we are_. （encourage）答案：1. tired 2. tiring 3. tired 4. tiring 5. tired 6. tiring 7. disappointed, disappointing) 8. Disappointed 9. disappointin

17、g10. surprising; surprised 11. worried; worrying 12. satisfied 13. annoyed; annoying 14. frightened 15. encouraging; encouraged二鞏固練習(xí)：1. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front _to arrive.（2008?全國卷I）A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected2. Do you know if Terry

18、will go camping this weekend? (2008?上海高考) Terry? Never! He _ tents and fresh air!A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates3. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008?山東高考) A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked4. So far this year we

19、_ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008?福建高考) A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen5. Some of the people who _ to the party cant come now. (2008? 煙臺(tái)模擬) A. had been invited B. have been invited C. are invited D. invited6. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens action

20、s against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry7. The little boy isnt getting on well in maths and worse still, he is even unwilling to go to school. With her son _, she feels very _. A. disappointing; worrying B. disappointing; worried C. disappointed; worried D. disappointed; worry