英國文學(xué)資料English-literature-of-the-renaissancePPT課件

1、2021/7/2412021/7/242The Historical Background: (Political, Economic, and Cultural) The Renaissance was an ideological and cultural revolution that swept over all western Europe. Renaissance started in Italy in 14th century and came to a flowering in the 15th and the 16th when it began to spread to o

2、ther countries, notably France, and then Germany, England, Spain and the Low Countries.2021/7/243 This was an epoch of many radical changes in western Europe. Fedual nobility lost much of their power, with the centralization of political and military power that came with the establishment of the gre

3、at monarchies necessary for the development of capitalism. (The New Monarchy)2021/7/244 Another form of political struggle is The Reformation of the church. Catholicism was at first challenged and then was replaced by Protestantism. The English Bible (King James Bible)2021/7/245 Geographical Discove

4、ries (commercial expansion and broadening the mental horizons) In the commercial expansion, Spain was the rival with England over the sea. At last a war broke out in 1588. it ended with the rout of the Spanish fleet “Armada”.2021/7/246 In the cities the merchants and the master artisans grew in weal

5、th, while in the countryside the peasants were badly exploited. They either rose in upsprings or ran away to the cities to add to the factory workers. (The Enclosure Movement)2021/7/247 In the literary field, the so-called revival of learning, including the study of ancient Greek and Roman literatur

6、e and philosophy. There was the growing interest in man and the infinite capabilities of man against implicit faith in God.2021/7/248English Literature in the Renaissance Period English literature in the Renaissance period is usually regarded as the highlight in the history of English literature.202

7、1/7/249 In Elizabethan period, English literature developed with a great speed and made a magnificent achievement. The greatest and most distinctive achievement of Elizabethan literature is the drama.2021/7/2410 Next to drama is the lyrical poetry. Elizabethan poetry is remarkable for its variety, i

8、ts freshness, its youthfulness and its romantic feeling.2021/7/2411English Poetry in the Renaissance Period Thomas Wyatt and Surrey were court poets. They are both top-notch aristocrats and their poetry was more representative of the thoughts and feelings of the nobility. Their contributions to Engl

9、ish literature lie in certain innovations in verse form.2021/7/2412 Wyatts two contributions to English literature consist in his brilliant lyrics on the theme of love and his introduction of the Italian sonnet form into English poetry. Petrarchan sonnet: abba abba(octave) cdc dcd or cde cde(sestet)

10、2021/7/2413 Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey His contribution lies in writing some of the earliest love lyrics in Petrarchan fashion and in introducing two new verse forms into English poetry, the English sonnet form and the blank verse.2021/7/2414 the English Sonnet(Shakespearean Sonnet) abab cdcd efef

11、(3 quatre) gg(1 couplet). The blank verse, or unrhymed iambic pentametre. 不押韻，但是有節(jié)奏，例如 the Earl of Surrey, Thomas Marlowe, Shakespeares drama, milton and so on.2021/7/2415Sidney and Spencer Court poetry He is chiefly known and remembered for his three works: Astrophel and Stella, his prose romance A

12、rcadia and his critical essay The Defence of Poesie (or Apology for Poetry)2021/7/2416Arcadia Pastoral, as an adjective, refers to the lifestyle of shepherds and pastoralists, moving livestock around larger areas of land according to seasons and availability of water and food. Pastoral also describe

13、s literature, art and music which depicts the life of shepherds, often in a highly idealised manner. It may also be used as a noun (a pastoral) to describe a single work of pastoral poetry, music or drama. pastoral reflects the Greek origin of the pastoral tradition.2021/7/2417Apology for Poetry The

14、 School of Abuse an attack on poetry and drama. According to Sidney, poetry was a superiority over philosophy and history.2021/7/2418Edmund Spenser The poets poet of the period was Edmund Spencer. Spencer was born in a minor noble family, his father being a merchant in London. He was first educated

15、at the merchant tailors school. The poet was fortunate in having Malcaster, an enlightened scholar, for his headmaster.2021/7/2419 Because his headmaster held that “it is not a mind, not a body, that we have to educate, but a man; and we cannot divide them.” This conception of education was a new th

16、ing for the time. Then Spenser studied at Cambridge, where she read the classics and italian poets and wrote poems. He received his M.A.degree in 1576.2021/7/2420 In 1579 he wrote The Shepherds Calendar, a pastoral poem in twelve books, one for each month of the year.2021/7/2421The Faerie Queen The

17、Faerie Queen has been regarded by many literary historians as Spensers masterpiece and one of the great poems in the English language. It is an epic, and according to the authors original plan, was to consist of 12 books, but only 6 books and 2 cantos of the seven were finished.2021/7/2422 Story: Wr

18、iting feature of the poem: Spenserian Stanza abab bcbc c2021/7/2423Canto 1 (Excerpt) A Gentle Knight was pricking on the plaine , Ycladd in mightie armes and silver shielde , Wherein old dints of deepe wounds did remaine , The curell markes of many a bloudy fielde ; Yet armes till that time did he n

19、ever wield : His angry steede did chide his foming bitt , As much disdayning to the curbe to yield : Full jolly knight he seemd , and faire did sitt , As one for knightly giusts and fierce encounters fitt 2021/7/2424仙后 第一卷（節(jié)選） 高貴的騎士在平原上策馬馳騁， 挎著鋒利的刀槍和銀光閃爍的盾牌， 盾上深深的刀痕是歷史的見證， 永不讓人忘記多次浴血沙場(chǎng)的殘酷歷程； 但騎士卻是第一

20、次披甲掛帥。 他的烈馬憤怒地責(zé)怪著韁繩， 像是說決不屈從於羈絆的窒礙。 快樂的騎士在馬上英姿颯爽， 善於比武，也能在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)與敵人激烈交鋒。 2021/7/2425例詩第一節(jié)格律分析如下： A Gentle Knight was pricking on the plaine , Ycladd in mighttie armes and silver shielde , Wherein old dints of deepe wounds did remaine , The curell markes of many a bloudy fielde ; Yet armes till that time did he never wield : His angry stee