大學(xué)英語Unit5 TextAB

1、中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)人文與發(fā)展學(xué)院外語系教案課程名稱：大學(xué)英語三級課程名稱：大學(xué)英語三級 教教 材：材：（全新版）大學(xué)英語（第 3 冊）單元主題單元主題：how to celebrate holidays任課教師：任課教師： 授課班級：授課班級： objectiveswestern and chinese holidayswords in associationlanguage points and grammatical structuresthank-you letters.under way (l. 2): in position or operation, having started and

2、 making progress the project is not yet under way. 該項(xiàng)計(jì)劃尚未進(jìn)行。the campaign is fully under way. 運(yùn)動已經(jīng)全面鋪開。collocation: all the way any way by the way by way of自始自終 無論如何 順便說 經(jīng)由；通過的方法 padded we swam ashore. a few pieces of wood had washed ashore. strong winds blew the ship ashore.be aboard, be away, be aw

3、ake, be alike, be afraid, be abreastashore adv. towards or onto land from an area of water:put away(l.11): remove (sth.) to a place where it is usually storedput away the tools after work, will you? shes got a few thousand pounds put away for her retirement.她已存了幾千鎊以備退休之用。get to sth./doing sth.(l.16)

4、: begin to give serious attention to or deal withrecently ive got to wondering why i am doing the part-time job.well overcome that difficulty when we get to it. 那種困難到時(shí)候我們自有辦法解決。reverse (l. 21): vt. turn around to the opposite direction; exchange the position of the rise, the first in 10 months, reve

5、rsed the downward trend in the countrys jobless rate.why dont you reverse the order so that i perform first and he performs second? turn over (l. 25): think about; consider she sat there quietly, turning over the problem. he turned the matter over in his mind.他在心里反復(fù)考慮這件事情。他在心里反復(fù)考慮這件事情。 collocation:

6、turn aside turn (away) from turn down turn up 避開，撇開避開，撇開對對感到厭惡感到厭惡關(guān)?。痪芙^關(guān)??；拒絕 開大；出現(xiàn)開大；出現(xiàn) repay (l. 28): vt. pay back; reward “is this how you repay my goodness with badness?” cried the boy.i owe you a debt of gratitude which i shall never be able to repay.his gratitude and devotion to the party was b

7、oundless. there are no words to express the full measure of my gratitude.collocation: feel gratitude show gratitude deep/profound gratitude everlasting gratitude sincere gratitude 心懷感激心懷感激 表露感激之情表露感激之情深切的謝意深切的謝意 永遠(yuǎn)的感謝永遠(yuǎn)的感謝 誠摯的謝意誠摯的謝意 gratitude (l. 34): n. being thankful; thankfulness (followed by to

8、 sb./ for sth.)specific (l. 47): a. relating to one thing and not others; particular this is why personas（人，角色）are such an important tool in the process of designing behavior; they represent specific people with specific purposes or goals.這就是為什么人物角色是設(shè)計(jì)行為過程中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵工具，他們代表了具有特定目的或者目標(biāo)的 具體的那些人。 cf: specif

9、ic, special, especial & particular 均有均有“特殊的、特別的特殊的、特別的”的意思。的意思。specific 意思是具體的、特定的、明確的。he gave us a specific statement of the case.關(guān)于這個(gè)案子他向我們作了詳盡的陳述。special意思是特殊的、專門的，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物的特殊性或特殊用途。this is a special case, deserving special treatment. 這是一個(gè)特別案例，值得特殊處理。cf: specific, special, especial & particu

10、lar 均有均有“特殊的、特別的特殊的、特別的”的意思。的意思。especial 是special的舊式的正式用語，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)。we have an especial need of help at this time.我們這個(gè)時(shí)候需要特別幫助。particular的意思是特殊的、特別的。強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的獨(dú)特性、突出性this particular case is an exception to the rule. 這個(gè)特殊個(gè)案是個(gè)例外。1.1.我需要一個(gè)明確的回答。我需要一個(gè)明確的回答。 i want a specific answer. 2.沒有什么特別的。沒有什么特別的。nothing spec

11、ial. 4.他特別不喜歡流行音樂。他特別不喜歡流行音樂。 he has an especial dislike for pop music. 3.故事就發(fā)生在那一天。故事就發(fā)生在那一天。the story happened on that particular day. translate the following sentences into english, using the above words.on ones behalf/on behalf of sb. (l. 47): for sb.; in the interests of sb.; as the representat

12、ive of sb.they presented the queen with a bouquet on behalf of the women students. the legal guardian must act on behalf of the child.法定監(jiān)護(hù)人應(yīng)該維護(hù)這個(gè)孩子的利益。 impress (l. 49): vt.fix in sb.s mind; make the importance of (sth.) very clear to sb. impress upon/on sb. + that-clauseimpress upon/on sb. sth. my f

13、ather impressed on me the value of hard work.cause (sb.) to feel admiration or respect she played up her past achievements just to impress us.graduate (l. 50) to start doing something that is bigger, better, or more important; as an actress, she has graduated from small roles to more substantial par

14、ts.diminish (l. 51): v. make or become smaller or lessthe people wanted to diminish the power of the king. it did not operate to diminish the anti-negro passions of the southern masses.它沒有起到減少南部群眾反對黑人情緒的作用。expose (l. 53): vt. leave uncovered or unprotected be exposed to we should not expose our chil

15、dren to horrors. dont expose the film to light.不要把膠片曝光。he enjoys exposing his skin to the sun. immerse (l.53): vt. cover completely in a liquid; absorb deeplyi think it is important to immerse oneself in a language learning environment, if you want to learn english well.the translator has to immerse

16、 himself in the world of the poet.譯者必須完全投入詩人的世界。marvelous (l. 54): a. causing wonder; excellent the marvelous acting compensated for the plays weak script.這部劇的精彩表演彌補(bǔ)了劇本的不足。i congratulate you on this marvelous opportunity.assemble: 1) bring or call together into a group; examples:vthe members of the

17、tour group assembled at the airport for departure.vdelegates were assembling in geneva for the conference.assemble: 2) fit together the parts or pieces of ; examples: vit took me less than an hour to assemble the bookcase.assemble: 3) get and put together sth. such as proof or information in an orga

18、nized way; examples: vthe lawyer is assembling evidence concerning a murder case.considerate (l. 62) thoughtful of the needs, etc. of othersits of sb to do sth/ to be towards /to others considerable: much, greata considerable income/ distance 相當(dāng)可觀的收入/相當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)的距離sprinkle (l. 64): vt. scatter (drops or par

19、ticles of sth.) on (sth.); scatter in small drops sprinkle sth. on/over sth. the gardener is sprinkling water on the grass. sprinkle sth. with sth. sprinkle the top with cheese. he likes to eat fish sprinkled with pepper. recede verb i (l. 69)uto move further away into the distance, or to become les

20、s clear or less bright: uas the boat picked up speed, the coastline receded into the distance until finally it became invisible.uthe painful memories gradually receded in her mind. accord (l.70):vt. grant我們給予他一個(gè)英雄凱旋式的歡迎。we accorded a heros welcome to him. vt. be in agreement (followed by with) what

21、you have just said does not accord with what you told us earlier. alternately (l. 75)if two things alternate, they happen one after another in a repeated patternvtwist you body, alternate right and left stretches.vshe alternated between outrage and sympathy.if something happens on alternate days, we

22、eks etc, it happens on one day after the other in a regular patternvalternate mondays/weekendsvalternate blue and red stripessuccessive british governments had found the islands a headache.英國歷屆政府都對該島感到頭疼。a person travelling westwards sets his watch behind at each successive time zone.一個(gè)向西旅行的人，在每個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)邊

23、界，要把他的表撥慢一小時(shí)。successive (l.75): a. following one after the otherundergo (l. 88): vt. go through; experiencethe idea must undergo the test of experiment.elevators must undergo an annual safety inspection.電梯必須每年作一次安全檢查。swift (l. 88): a. rapid; prompt a swift change had taken place on the earth for him

24、.she did a swift mental calculation.她頭腦里敏捷地盤算了一下。he plunged into the swift current and rescued one child after another.他跳進(jìn)急流中救起了一個(gè)又一個(gè)孩子。welcome (l. 90)if something is welcome, you enjoy it because you feel that you need it.vthe weekend was a welcome break from the pressure of work.vsix months in sco

25、tland would make a welcome change from london.if something is welcome, youre glad that it has happenedvthis new funding will come as a welcome boost for the industry.reassurance (l. 91)something that is said or done which makes someone feel calmer and less worried or frightened about problemvwe have

26、 been given reassurances that the water is safe to drink.reassure: to make someone feel calmer or less worried or frightened about a problem or a situationvhe tried to reassure me that my mother would be okay.appreciate (l.91): 1. vt. recognize the quality or significance of; valuei appreciate his c

27、ompact style of writing.我欣賞他那簡潔的文體。his talents are not fully appreciated in that company.2. vt. to be grateful for sth. that sb. has done; welcome sth. your support is greatly appreciated. i would appreciate any comments you might have. i dont appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen. we

28、 would appreciate you letting us know any of your problems.3.vt. to understand that sth. is true; realize. what i failed to appreciate was the distance between the two cities. i dont think you appreciate how expensive it will be. we didnt fully appreciate that he was seriously ill. in a flash (l. 92

29、): instantly his perception of the change came in a flash.他在一瞬間察覺到了這一變化?！皌he car was gone in a flash. all i know is that its a beautiful, expensive car.”a fortnight passed in a flash.一晃半個(gè)月過去了。collocation: an electronic flash a news flash a flash of lightning a flash of hope 電子閃光燈電子閃光燈 電訊電訊一道閃電一道閃電 一

30、線希望一線希望go about (l. 101): move around; behave in society; keep busy doing (sth.); set aboutjust go about your work and dont mind him.你還是干你的工作，不要理會他。how do you go about repairing this fax machine?lets go about the work separately.in secret (l. 101): secretly no longer should power be centralized in t

31、he hands of presidential assistants acting in secret from the rest of the government.權(quán)力不應(yīng)再集中于撇開政府其他成員秘密辦事的總統(tǒng)助理手中。they made their plans in secret.collocation: a dead secret keep a (the) secret keep sth. a secret from sb. 還未泄露的秘密 保守秘密 不把某事告訴某人quote( (l.105): vt. repeat or copy the words of (another) i

32、 quote the passage; the italics are mine.我引用這一節(jié)；斜體著重點(diǎn)是我加上的。can you quote (me) an example of what you mean?你能否（給我）舉個(gè)例子，以說明你的意思？further developmentgroup work (1)group work (2)writinggroup work (1) describe some traditional chinese holidays or festivals and how people celebrate them. if possible, expla

33、in the origins of some holidays. holidays/festivalsoriginsspecial eventsthe lantern festivalthe dragon boat festivalthe tomb-sweeping festivalthe mid-autumn festivalnational holidaythe double-ninth festivalthe spring festivalgroup work (2) do you think it is a good trend for the chinese to celebrate

34、 western holidays, such as valentines day, mother or fathers day and christmas? why?writing summary writing essay writingwrite three thank-you letters respectively to his father, his grammar school principal and his grandmother in the name of alex haley.summary writingdear dad, its thanksgiving and

35、of course my thoughts are turning home to you. looking out over the ocean i find myself thinking how much i owe to you. yet i have never got round to telling you just how thankful i feel towards you for all you have done for me. there are so many things, i dont know where to start and would never ge

36、t to the end once i began. but if i had to pick just one thing it would perhaps be the love of books and reading i leant from you. those after-dinner quizzes at the table about the books we had just read and the new words we had picked up, i can see them in my minds eye as if they were yesterday. no

37、t many are as lucky in their father as i am. so, simply, thank you. your loving son,sample 1dear grandma, here i am, on board ship, and a thousand miles away from your wonderful cooking on thanksgiving! standing here at the rail, looking out at the sunset, ive been turning the meaning of thanksgivin

38、g around in my mind and came up with the idea that it is just the time to be giving thanks to those we owe it to. and who better to start with than you? how could i have grown up without your help? you always found just the right way of showing me with those wonderful stories of yours the importance

39、 of telling the truth, of sharing and forgiving, of being considerate to others. quite simply, you sprinkled my life with stardust. thank you. lovesample 2sample 3dear rev. nelson, i am writing this on board ship. it is thanksgiving. my thoughts have been turning to all those who have done so much f

40、or me in the past and how i have never taken the time to thank them properly. naturally, you were among the first to come to mind. you were, quite simply, the very best teacher a child could wish for. you gave us so many different gifts, but, if i were forced to choose one, then it would be your mor

41、ning prayers at assembly at the start of each day. whatever positive things i have done since can often be traced to the impression left by those prayers. for that guidance and all the other things i was lucky enough to learn from you, i shall always be in your debt. your affectionate student,essay

42、writing writing a thank-you letter after a job interview is a must! in fact, some employers think less of those interviewees who fail to follow-up promptly. now you are required to write a thank-you letter for a job interview. sampledear mr. johnson: it was very enjoyable to speak with you about the

43、 assistant account executive position at the smith agency. the job, as you presented it, seems to be a very good match for my skills and interests. the creative approach to account management that you described confirmed my desire to work with you. in addition to my enthusiasm, i will bring to the p

44、osition strong writing skills, assertiveness and the ability to encourage others to work cooperatively with the department. my artistic background will help me to work with artists on staff and provide me with an understanding of the visual aspects of our work. i understand your need for administrat

45、ive support. my detail orientation and organizational skills will help to free you to deal with larger issues. i neglected to mention during my interview that i had worked for two summers as a temporary office worker. this experience helped me to develop my secretarial and clerical skills. i appreci

46、ate the time you took to interview me. i am very interested in working for you and look forward to hearing from you about this position. sincerely, susanhomework key to language focus oral assignmentkey to language focus voc. 11. sprinkled2. in turn3. reversed4. repay5. at sea6. on your behalf7. sta

47、tement8. specific9. got to10.in secret11.unloaded12.accord13.weep14.quote15.under wayvoc. 21. came across2. make out3. hope for4. turns (it) over5. put away6. brings back7. got to8. go aboutvoc. 31. diminish, people are working to increase the use of solar energy.2. appreciate what they already have

48、.3. are exposed to more information than were children of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated.voc. 34. has been immersed in british history and culture.5. in a flash on june 1, 2000 when he lost both legs in a serious traffic accident.voc. 41. my sincere, c

49、onsiderate of, with gratitude2. assembled, amid the, impressed on, in quest of3. was marvelous, had undergone, swift, and the restii.1. fond of 2. sick of 3. thoughtful of4. confident of5. conscious of6. critical of7. guilty of8. uncertain ofrather thanrather than is normally used in parallel struct

50、ures: for example with two adjectives, adverbs, nouns, infinitives or -ing forms. when the main clause has a to-infinitive, rather than is normally followed by an infinitive without to. an -ing form is also possible.rather thani would prefer to go in august rather than in july. i feel like swimming

51、rather than just lying here.lets go swimming rather than hiking.i want to swim rather than hike.i would prefer to leave now rather than wait. we wanted to watch a video rather than go to a movie.i decided to write rather than phone/phoning.rather thanwe want to go to a restaurant rather than mcdonal

52、ds.we like going to a restaurant rather than (going to) mcdonalds. he ran rather than walked. we should help him rather than he should help us. the sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. he is an explorer rather than a sailor. you rather than i are going to go camping. iii. usageto know

53、 what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than what they say.it is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve your success.ann made students think for themselves rather than telling/told them what to think.i think ill stay at home this evening rather than

54、go / going out.most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan / planning for them.would ratherwould rather means would prefer to. it is followed by an infinitive without to. would you rather stay here or go home? (=would you prefer to stay here or go home.) would rathe

55、r + subject + past tensewe can use would rather to say that one person would prefer another or others to do something. we use a special structure with a past tense.dont come today, i would rather you came tomorrow. (=i would prefer you to come tomorrow.) i would rather you posted this letter. (= i w

56、ould like you to post this letter.) to talk about past actions, a past perfect tense is possible.i would rather you hadnt done that. (= i wish you hadnt done that.) structure 11. it was taken for granted2. most young people take tap water for granted3. took it for granted that they were married.4. t

57、he second is taken for granted.structure 21. the 1980s saw the start of the development of 2. the past decade has seen the release of 3. the last 100 years have seen the material wealth4. the future will see us developing new ideascloze (a)1. at sea2. turning over3. reverse4. got to5. repay6. gratit

58、ude7. appreciated8. assembled9. immersed in10. unloading11. swiftcloze (b)1. all2. reason3. better4. for5. year6. together13. harvest14. from 15. if16. reward17. itself18. food7. because8. by9. brings10. that11. for12. thetranslation 在感恩節(jié)的氣氛中，喬治沒有跟朋友們一起慶祝節(jié)日，卻沉浸于閱讀他父親留給他的日記。他的父親在連續(xù)兩次完成環(huán)球旅行后在海上去世。 ami

59、d the atmosphere of thanksgiving, rather than joining his friends in celebration of the holiday, george was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. 這份日記使他回憶起自己與父親一起度過的每一刻以及父親為他所做的許多具體事情。 the diary brought back every m

60、oment george had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf.translation 喬治的父親過去經(jīng)常向他強(qiáng)調(diào)必須經(jīng)歷各種艱難困苦去追求卓越。他還教導(dǎo)他世界上沒有理所當(dāng)然的東西。 georges father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. he also taught him that nothing in the world