英語六級復(fù)習(xí)資料(必過版)

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx英語六級復(fù)習(xí)資料(必過版)【精品文檔】英語六級復(fù)習(xí)資料（完整版）英語六級復(fù)習(xí)專題一完形填空-固定搭配【精品文檔】1. account for 說明的原因，是的原因2. acuseof 控告；譴責(zé)3. allow for 考慮到，顧及，為留出預(yù)地4. appeal to 訴諸，訴請裁決(或證實等)5. bring about 導(dǎo)致，引起6. call off 取消7. care for 照顧，照料；喜歡8. check in (在旅館、機場等)登記，報到9. check out 結(jié)帳后離開，辦妥手續(xù)離去10. come up with 提出，提供，想出11. coun

2、t onupon 依靠，指望12. count up 共計，算出的總數(shù)13. draw up 起草，擬訂；(使)停住14. fall back on 借助于，依靠15. get at 夠得著，觸及；意思是，意指；查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)；指責(zé)16. go in for 從事，參加；愛好17. hang on to 緊緊抓住；保留(某物)18. turn out 制造，生產(chǎn)；結(jié)果是；驅(qū)逐；關(guān)掉，旋熄19. take over 接受，接管；借用，承襲20. take in 接受，吸收，接納；理解，領(lǐng)會；欺騙；包括21. stick out (把)堅持到底；突出，顯眼22. stick to 堅持，忠于，信守；緊

3、跟，緊隨；粘貼在上23. set out 陳述，闡明；動身，起程；開始；擺放24. set forth 闡明，陳述25. set about 開始，著手26. put in for 正式申請27. refer toas 把稱作，把當(dāng)作28. pay off 還清(債)；付清工資解雇(某人)；向行賄；得到好結(jié)果，取得成功29. make up for 補償，彌補30. look over 把看一遍，把過目；察看，參觀31. look through 詳盡核查；(從頭至尾)瀏覽32. live on 靠生活，以為食物lie in (問題、事情等)在于33. lie in (問題、事情等)在于34.

4、 let go(of) 放開，松手35. hold out 維持，保持；堅持(要求)，不屈服36. hold back 躊躇，退縮；阻止，抑制；隱瞞，保守(秘密等)37. have an advantage over 勝過. have the advantage of 由于處于有利條件 have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事38. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用。39. attributeto(=to believe sth.

5、to be the result of)把。.歸因于., 認(rèn)為。.是。.的結(jié)果40. begin with 以開始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(經(jīng)常用于開始語)41. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名義42. . to be true) 相信，依賴，信仰。43. get the better of (=defeat sb。) 打敗， 勝過。44. by birth 在出生上，論出身，按血統(tǒng) at birth 在出生時; give birth to 出生、45. blame sb. for st

6、h. 因責(zé)備某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把推在某人身上46. in blossom開花(指樹木) be in blossom開花(強調(diào)狀態(tài)) come into blossom開花(強調(diào)動作)47. take the floor 起立發(fā)言48. be capable of 能夠， 有能力 be capable of being +過去分詞是能夠被的49. comparewith 把與比較50. compareto 把比作51. complain of (or about)抱怨;訴苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. abou

7、t sth. (or sb。) 向某人抱怨; complain (抱怨); complement (補充); compliment (恭維)52. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth。)喜歡， 取樂53. take (a) delight in 喜歡干, 以為樂54. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物質(zhì)的)東西55. deprive sb. of sth. 剝奪某人某物56. deviate from 偏離， 不按辦57. on a diet 吃某種特殊飲食， 節(jié)食58. differ fromin 與的區(qū)別在于59

8、. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)處理掉60. beyond dispute不容爭議的，無可爭議61. in dispute 在爭議中62. (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 與截然不同63. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨別64. distinguishfrom 把與區(qū)別開65. do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去，廢除，取消; do away w

9、ith (=kill) 殺掉， 鎮(zhèn)壓66. come off duty 下班67. at large(=at liberty, free) 在逃， 逍遙法外 at large(=in general) 一般來說， 大體上 at large(=at full length; with details)詳細地68. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告69. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account)

10、 考慮到， 估計到 。70. amount to (=to be equal to) 總計， 等于。71. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 對負責(zé)。72. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守73. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc。) 遵守， 依從74. apply to sb. for sth. 為向申請 ; apply for申請; apply

11、to 適用。75. apply to 與有關(guān);適用76. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起。77. arrive on 到達; arrive at 到達某地(小地方);得出，作出; arrive in 到達某地(大地方);78. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以 為羞恥79. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth。) 向保證， 使確信。80. attach(to) (=to fix,

12、fasten; join) 縛， 系 ,結(jié)81. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意，照顧;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料82. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根據(jù)83. on ones own account 1) 為了某人的緣故， 為了某人自己的利益 2) (=at ones own risk) 自行負責(zé) 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 賒賬; on accou

13、nt of 因為; on no account不論什么原因也不;of account 有。.重要性。84. takeinto account(=consider)把.。.考慮進去85. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解釋， 說明。86. on account of (=because of) 由于，因為。87. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)習(xí)慣于。88. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to

14、have met socially ) 熟悉89. act on 奉行，按照行動; act as 扮演; act for 代理adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己適應(yīng)于90. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改編， 改寫(以適應(yīng)新的需要)91. in addition (=besides) 此外， 又， 加之92. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外93. adhere to (=abide by, conform to,

15、 comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 堅持， 遵循94. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗鄰的， 臨近的95. adjust。.(to) (=change slightly)調(diào)節(jié); 適應(yīng);英語六級復(fù)習(xí)專題二翻譯-語法精要動詞(時態(tài),語態(tài),用法,省略,一致性等)時態(tài)1)現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài) (have/has been + -ing 分詞構(gòu)成): 動作或狀態(tài)從過去某時開始,繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能繼續(xù)下去,也可能剛剛結(jié)束.Ive been writing let

16、ters for an hour.Ive been sitting in the garden.2)過去完成進行時(由had been + ing分詞構(gòu)成): 過去某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作Id been working for some time when he called.We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.3)將來完成進行時: 將來某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作.By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.In a

17、nother months time shell have been studying here for three years.4)將來完成時(由shall/will have + 過去分詞構(gòu)成): 將來某時會業(yè)已發(fā)生的事.I shall have finished this one before lunch.Theyll have hit the years target by the end of October.語態(tài)可以有兩種被動結(jié)構(gòu)的類型,例如:He was said to be jealous of her success.It was said that he was jealo

18、us of her success.能同時適用于上述兩個句型的主動詞通常都是表示“估計”,“相信”等意義的動詞,常見的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.The ship is supposed to have been sunk.擔(dān)當(dāng)be supposed to 與不定式的一般形式搭配時往往表示不同的意義.例如:Why are you driving so fast in this area

19、? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你應(yīng)該曉得速度限制)雙賓語及賓補結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài)雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài): 雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一個賓語仍然保留在謂語后面,但多數(shù)是把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z.He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.賓補結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài):She was

20、called Big Sister by everybody.Then he was made a squad leader.He was considered quite qualified for the job.The room was always kept clean and tidy.短語動詞Vi + advThe plane took off two hours late.Vi + prepThey looked round the Cathedral.Vi + prep (有被動語態(tài))Shes looking after her sisters children.The chi

21、ldren were always well looked after.Vi + adv + prepI began to look forward to their visits.Vt + O + advSome women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.The children were brought up by their mother.They took him on.Vt + adv + O (無被動語態(tài))I am trying to give up smoking.Vt + O + prepWe talked

22、 Donald into agreement.省略在以as, than, when, if, unless等引導(dǎo)的從句中的省略: 在有些狀語從句中,如果謂語包含有動詞be,主語又和主句的主語一致a),或者主語是it b),就常?？梢园褟木渲械闹髡Z和謂語的一部分(特別是動詞be)省略掉.Look out for cars when crossing the street.When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.While there he joined in voluntary labour on

23、a project.Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely

24、wiped out.She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.Fill in the application as instructed.Whenever known, such facts should be reported.The documents will be returned as soon as signed.He said that no acrobat could ever perform those

25、daring feats unless trained very young.Once having made a promise, you should keep it.If necessary Ill have the letter duplicated.Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.在以th

26、an a) 或 as b) 引起的從句中,常會有一些成分省略.He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before.Their training is free

27、, as is all education.We will, as always, stand on your side.錯誤的省略His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her.一致如果主語是單數(shù),盡管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than等引導(dǎo)的短語,謂語動詞仍舊用單

28、數(shù)形式.Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday.An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team.代詞作主語時的一致each, either, neither和由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞,都作單數(shù)看待.Each of us has something to say.I

29、s everybody ready?Somebody is using the phone.Neither of us has gone through regular training.Has either of them told you?some, few, both, many 等作復(fù)數(shù)some 可后接復(fù)數(shù),也可接單數(shù),表示某一.none作復(fù)數(shù)看待時較多,但也有時作單數(shù)看待,主要看說話人腦中聯(lián)系想到的是復(fù)數(shù)還是單數(shù)概念, 但none 在代表不可數(shù)的東西時總是看作單數(shù):None of the books are easy enough for usNone of us seem to h

30、ave thought of it.None (= not a single one) of us has got a camera.None (= nobody) has felt it more keenly than she did.None of this worries me.all 和most 可后接復(fù)數(shù),也可接不可數(shù)名詞 (all of the, most of the ), 動詞用單數(shù).由and 或 both and 連接名詞詞組時, 后用復(fù)數(shù); 由not onlybut (also), eitheror, neithernor或 or 連接的并列主語, 謂語通常和最鄰近的主語

31、一致.Not only the switches but also the old writing has been changed.My sister or my brother is likely to be at home.Either you or Mr Yang is to do the work.Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.如果一個句子是由there 或here引導(dǎo), 而主語又不止一個, 謂語通常也和最鄰近的那個主語一致.There was carve

32、d in the board a dragon and a phoenix.Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.people, police, cattle, poultry (家禽), militia (民兵) 等通常都用作復(fù)數(shù).Cattle are grazing on the pasture.The police are looking for him.有些集體名詞有時作單數(shù)看待, 有時作復(fù)數(shù)看待, 主要根據(jù)意思來決定.His family isnt very large.His family are all mus

33、ic lovers.The committee meets twice a month.The committee are divided in opinion.The audience was enormous.The audience were greatly moved at the words.有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形, 可根據(jù)意思決定謂語動詞的數(shù):This new series is beginning next month.These new series are beginning next month.This species is now extinct.These species

34、 are now extinct.表示時間, 重量, 長度, 價值等的名詞, 盡管仍是復(fù)數(shù)形式, 如果作整體看待, 動詞也可用單數(shù)形式 (當(dāng)然用復(fù)數(shù)動詞也是可以的):Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.One hundred li was covered in a single night.其他問題書名, 國家名用單數(shù):Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb.學(xué)科名, 如mathematics, economics用單數(shù).many a 或more t

35、han one 所修飾的詞作主語時, 謂語動詞多用單數(shù)形式:Many a person has had that kind of experience.More than one person has involved in the case.a number of 后接復(fù)數(shù), the number of后接單數(shù):A number of books have been published on the subject.The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing.one of those 后用單數(shù). 在“one o

36、f + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +關(guān)系分句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系分句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式在一般情況下有兩形式，一是根據(jù)先行詞采用復(fù)數(shù)形式：Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.當(dāng)one 之前友the only 等限定詞和修飾語時，關(guān)系分句謂語動詞根據(jù)one 而定，即采用單數(shù)形式：He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment. 非謂語動詞不定式形式主動形式被動形式一般式to doto be done完成式to ha

37、ve doneto have been done進行式to be doing完成進行式to have been doing完成式: 不定式的一般形式所表示的動作, 通常與主要謂語表示的動作(狀態(tài))同時(或幾乎同時)發(fā)生, 或是在它之后發(fā)生. 假如不定式所表示的動作, 在謂語所表示的動作(狀態(tài))之前發(fā)生, 就要用不定式的完成式.I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother).(比較: I am glad to see you.)He is said to have written a new boo

38、k about workers.He pretended not to have seen me.進行式: 如果主要謂語表示的動作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生時, 不定式表示的動作正在進行, 這時要用不定式的進行式.You are not supposed to be working. You havent quite recovered yet.We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here.He pretended to be listening attentively.完成進行式: 在謂語所表示的時間之前一直進行的動作, 就要用不定式的完成進行式.The st

39、ruggle was known to have been going for twenty years.We are happy to have been working with you.被動式: 當(dāng)不定式的邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時, 不定式一般要用被動形式.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.She hated to be flattered.He wanted the letter to be typed at once.This is bound to be found out.There are a l

40、ot of things to be done.She was too young to be assigned such work.功用: 不定式可以作主語 (a), 賓語 (b), 表語 (c), 定語 (d) 或是狀語 (e).a. To scold her would not be just.b. We are planning to build a reservoir here.c. One of our main tasks now is to mechanize agriculture.d. Do you have anything to declare?e. We have c

41、ome to learn from you.不帶to 的不定式:在“動詞+ 賓語+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中, 如果動詞是表示感覺意義的see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice等, 或是表示“致使”意義的 have, make, let等, 其后的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)不帶to.John made her tell him everything.這類結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為被動語態(tài)時, 后面的不帶to 的不定式一般還原為帶to 的不定式.She was made to tell him everything.在 had better, had best, would rather, would s

42、ooner, would just as soon, might (just) as well, cannot but 等搭配之后, 動詞不定式也不帶to.Id rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.They cannot but accept his term.在make do, make believe, let drop, let fall, let fly, let slip, let drive, let go of, let there be, hear say, hear tell, leave go of等固定搭配中, 用不帶

43、to的動詞不定式.John let fly a torrent of abuse at me.Ive heard tell of him.在動詞help(或help +賓語)之后可用不帶to的不定式, 也可用帶to的不定式.Can I help (to) lift this heavy box?在介詞except, but 之后, 如果其前有動詞do的某種形式, 不定式一般不帶to, 反之帶to.There is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining.Smith will do anything but work on a farm.T

44、heres no choice but to wait till it stops raining.連詞 rather than, sooner than 置于句首時, 其后的不定式不帶to.Rather than push the book back as he wanted to do, he forced himself to pick it up.出現(xiàn)在句中其他位置時, 其后的不定式有時帶to, 有時不帶to.He decided to write rather than telephone.The manager believes it is important to invest

45、in new machinery rather than to increase wages.用作補語的動詞不定式, 如果主語是由“all + 關(guān)系分句”，“thing +關(guān)系分句”，“what分句”或“thing +不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”等構(gòu)成，并帶有do的某種形式，這時，作為主語補語的不定式可以省to，也可以不省.What he will do is (to) spoil the whole thing.All you do now is complete the formThe only thing I can do now is go on by myself.The thing to do n

46、ow is clear up this mess.The least I can do is drive everybody else closer to the issue.不定式的其他用法tooto 結(jié)構(gòu)通常表示否定意義:She was too young to understand all that.enoughto結(jié)構(gòu)則表示肯定意義:She was not old enough to understand all that.not too, but too, all too, only too等和不定式連用時,不定式一般不表示否定意義:Hes only too pleased to h

47、elp her.soas (to)這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可用不定式作狀語:Be so kind as to drop in some time when you are free.如果要說明不定是表示的動作是誰做的, 可以在不定式前加一個for引起的短語:It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.It is a great honour for us to be present at this rally.在以某些形容詞(如 kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish,

48、 stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表語時, 不定式前可加一個of引起的短語, 來說明不定式指的是誰的情況:Its kind of you to think so much of us.(It is) Awfully good of you to come and meet us.Its very nice of you to be so considerate.Its unwise of them to turn down the proposal.V+ing形式(現(xiàn)在分詞及動名詞)形式完成式: 如果要表示動名詞

49、代表的動作在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生, 通常用動名詞的完成形式.He didnt mention having met me.I regret not having taken her advice.在某些動詞后(或成語中), 常用(或可以用)動名詞的一般形式, 盡管動作是在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生的.Excuse me for coming late.I dont remember ever seeing him anywhere.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式主要用在狀語中, 表示這動作在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生.Having been there many times, he offered to b

50、e our guide.Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy.另外, 獨立結(jié)構(gòu)也可用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式.The guests having left, they resumed their discussion.The children, having eating their fill, were allowed to leave the table.被動式: 當(dāng)一個動名詞邏輯上的主語所表示的是這動作的對象時, 動名詞一般要用被動形式.His being neglected by the host added t

51、o his uneasiness.He couldnt bear being made fun of like that.但要注意, 在want, need, deserve, require 等動詞后, 盡管表示的是被動的意思, 卻用動名詞的主動形式.My pen needs filling.The point deserves mentioning.This problem requires studying with great care.在worth這個形容詞后情形也是這樣.Her method is worth trying.現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式可以用來作定語, 賓語補足語, 狀語及用于

52、獨立結(jié)構(gòu)中.This is one of the experiments being carried on in our laboratory.Youll find the topic being discussed everywhere.Being asked to give a performance, she couldnt very well refuse.These are sold at reduced prices, the defects always being pointed out to the customers.完成被動式: 如果表示的動作在謂語表示的動作之前發(fā)生,

53、有時需要用動名詞的完成被動式.I dont remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.但在多數(shù)情況下都避免使用這一形式, 而用一般被動形式代替, 以免句子顯得累贅.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動式一般用來作狀語或用于獨立結(jié)構(gòu)中.Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good plan.All the

54、compositions having been written and collected, the teacher sent the students home.句法功用作主語:Walking is good exercise.Its nice talking to you.There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.作賓語:Your shoes need polishing.You mustnt delay sending the tractors over

55、.He avoided giving us a definite answer.作介詞賓語: 動名詞作介詞賓語用的時候最多. 它常可以用在某些成語后面, 常見的有: insist on, persist in, think of, dream of, object to, suspectof, accuseof, chargewith, hear of, approve of, preventfrom, keepfrom, stopfrom, refrain from, be engaged in, look forward to, opposed to, depend on, thankfo

56、r, feel like, excusefor, aim at, devoteto, set about, spendin, get (be) used to, be fond of, be capable of, be afraid of, be tired of, be sick of, succeed in, be interested in, feel (be) ashamed of, be proud of, be keen on, be responsible for.作表語:The real problem is getting to know the needs of the people.動名詞和不定式都可以作主語或表語. 一般說來, 在表示抽象的一般的行為時多用動名詞; 在表示具體某詞動作, 特別是將來的動作時, 多用不定式.作賓語補足語: 分詞可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, find, keep, get, have等動詞后作賓