W八（下）Module3Unit2

1、3Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet.1. Teaching aims: To be able to summarize a passage To be able to describe a picture using the present perfect.Teaching aims2. Main contents:Key vocabulary group, light, impossible, take, out, communicateKey structures However, we have not foun

2、d life on any other planets yet. Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe.1. How many planets are there in our solar system?2. Is there any life on other planets?Put the words and expressions in the box in order: small large. galaxy, planet, solar system,star, universe 321

3、3451. planet 2. star 3. solar system4. galaxy 5. universe天體系統(tǒng)的層次天體系統(tǒng)的層次月球月球地球地球地月系地月系太陽(yáng)系太陽(yáng)系河外星系河外星系其他恒星系其他恒星系銀河系銀河系總星系總星系其他行星其他行星衛(wèi)星系衛(wèi)星系The Milky Way Galaxy銀河系主體部分的直徑約為銀河系主體部分的直徑約為10萬(wàn)光年萬(wàn)光年銀 河 系銀河系有太陽(yáng)這樣的恒星銀河系有太陽(yáng)這樣的恒星2000多億顆多億顆The Milky Way GalaxyThe solar systemthe Earththe sunthe moonMars 火星火星Venus 金

4、星金星 Mercury 水星水星 Jupiter 木星木星Saturn 土星土星Uranus 天王星天王星Neptune 海王星海王星Shenzhou-9 is a manned spaceship.1. Work in pairs. Look at the picture and talk about what you know about Chinese spaceships.When you read a passage with a title and pictures, think about the words you may find in the passage, and th

5、e questions you may want to ask before you start to read.見(jiàn)視頻見(jiàn)視頻Module 3 Unit 2 Activity 22. Read the passage and choose the best title for it.1. Anyone out there? 2. 2. Life on the earth 3. The sun and other stars 4. The stars at night_ Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hund

6、reds of millions of years. However, we have not found life on any other planets yet.1. Anyone out there? The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. None of them has an environment like that of the earth, so scientists do not think they will find lif

7、e on them. The sun and its planets are called the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a much larger group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way. There are billions of stars in the Galaxy, andour sun is only one of them. Scientists have also discovered many other

8、galaxies in the universe. They are very far away and their light has to travel for many years to reach us. So how large is the universe? It is impossible to imagine. Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars to take photos. They have evensent spaceships to travel outside the solar system. H

9、owever, no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy. Scientists have always asked the questions: with so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space? Have there been visitors to the earth from other planets? Why has no one communicated w

10、ith us? We do no know the answers. yet.1. The earth is a star. 2. The sun is a star. 3. There is more than one galaxy in the universe. 4. The light from the stars in other galaxies has travelled for a long time to reach us. 5. Scientists have received many messages from space. 6. Spaceships have vis

11、ited most of the universe. 3. Check () the true sentences. Is there life on other planets? There are seven other planets in our (1) _ ,but (2) _ of them has a(n) (3)_ like that of the earth. Spaceships from the4. Complete the passage with the words and expression in the municate environment none sol

12、ar system universesolar systemnoneenvironmentearth have done surveys of the other planets, but they have not found any life there. Why has no one from other planets tried to (4) _ with us? It is true thatscientists have not discovered life on other planets in the (5) _ yet, but some scientists belie

13、ve that they will find it some municateuniverse6. Look at the picture from a science story for children and answer the questions.What have the scientists just received?(a message from one of our spaceships)They have just received a message from one of our spaceships.1.Where has the spaceship landed?

14、 (Mars)2. What has the spaceship discovered? (people on Mars)The spaceship has landed on Mars.The spaceship has discovered people on Mars.3. Why have the people on Mars not sent us a message? (do not know how to)4. Why have the people on Mars not visited us on the earth? (do not know how to)Because

15、they do not know how to sent a message to us.Because they do not know how to get to the earth.6. Write a passage to describe the picture. Use your answers to the questions in Activity 5 to help you.We have just received a message from our spaceship to Mars We have just received a message from our sp

16、aceship to Mars. Our spaceship has discovered aliens there. They have never sent us a message because they dont know how to communicate with us. They have not visited the earth because they dont know how to fly to our planet, and they prefer life on Mars. They seem very happy on their planet. They h

17、ave used parts from the other spaceships from the earth to make TVs, radios, etc. We hope they dont do the same with this one!Possible answer1. Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. 科學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球上的生命已存在了數(shù)億年?？茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為地球上的生命已存在了數(shù)億年。 hundreds of millions of 數(shù)億數(shù)

18、億 We paid hundreds of millions of dollars in taxes. 我們交納了數(shù)億美元的稅金。我們交納了數(shù)億美元的稅金。數(shù)詞在表示模糊數(shù)目的短語(yǔ)中用復(fù)數(shù)形式，數(shù)詞在表示模糊數(shù)目的短語(yǔ)中用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且后面要加上且后面要加上of。hundreds of 數(shù)以百計(jì)的數(shù)以百計(jì)的thousands of 數(shù)以千計(jì)的數(shù)以千計(jì)的millions of 數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的billions of 數(shù)以?xún)|計(jì)的數(shù)以?xún)|計(jì)的, 數(shù)十億的數(shù)十億的百、千、百萬(wàn)、十億如果和具體數(shù)字連用，百、千、百萬(wàn)、十億如果和具體數(shù)字連用，百、千、百萬(wàn)、十億須用單數(shù)形式。如：百、千、百萬(wàn)、十億須用單

19、數(shù)形式。如：six hundred two thousand nine million seven billion1. It is said that the disease has killed more than_ people worldwide. A. two hundreds B. two hundreds C. two hundreds D. two hundred2. _ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well. A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands

20、ofDD2. The earth is a planet and it goes around the sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. 地球是顆行星，它圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。此外還地球是顆行星，它圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。此外還有七顆行星也圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。有七顆行星也圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。1) 七顆行星指的是：水星七顆行星指的是：水星（Mercury)、金星、金星 (Venus)、火星、火星(Mars)、木星、木星 (Jupiter)、土、土星星（Saturn)、天天王星王星 (Uranus)和海王星和海王星(Neptune)。 2) go around:

21、繞著繞著運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) The Earth goes around the Sun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 Lets go around the town, not through it. 我們繞過(guò)這城鎮(zhèn)吧，不要穿過(guò)去了。我們繞過(guò)這城鎮(zhèn)吧，不要穿過(guò)去了。3) other/the other/others/another這幾個(gè)相類(lèi)似的詞容易弄混淆，其實(shí)意思大這幾個(gè)相類(lèi)似的詞容易弄混淆，其實(shí)意思大相徑庭。相徑庭。other其它的（人或物）其它的（人或物）, 后面經(jīng)常跟可數(shù)名后面經(jīng)常跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；詞復(fù)數(shù)形式； We havent found life on other planets y

22、et. 我們還沒(méi)有在其它的星球上發(fā)現(xiàn)生命。我們還沒(méi)有在其它的星球上發(fā)現(xiàn)生命。（其他的星球不可能只有一個(gè)）（其他的星球不可能只有一個(gè)）the other（兩者中的）另一個(gè)（兩者中的）另一個(gè),后面不可能跟后面不可能跟復(fù)數(shù)形式；復(fù)數(shù)形式； He has two daughters. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor. 他有兩個(gè)女兒，一個(gè)是老師，另一個(gè)是醫(yī)他有兩個(gè)女兒，一個(gè)是老師，另一個(gè)是醫(yī) 生。生。 （有且只有兩個(gè)，兩者中的另一個(gè)）（有且只有兩個(gè)，兩者中的另一個(gè)）others其它的人或物（已經(jīng)包括在內(nèi)）其它的人或物（已經(jīng)包括在內(nèi)）, 后面后面不能跟名詞，

23、本身就含有名詞的含義；不能跟名詞，本身就含有名詞的含義； Some people came by car, others came on foot. 有些人是坐汽車(chē)來(lái)的，其他人是走著來(lái)的。有些人是坐汽車(chē)來(lái)的，其他人是走著來(lái)的。（others后面不能再加名詞）后面不能再加名詞）another（三者以上中的，或不知道數(shù)量的）（三者以上中的，或不知道數(shù)量的）另一個(gè)另一個(gè), 后面也不可跟復(fù)數(shù)形式。后面也不可跟復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Would you like another cup of tea? 你要再來(lái)有一杯茶嗎？你要再來(lái)有一杯茶嗎？（泛指再來(lái)一杯）（泛指再來(lái)一杯）4) also adv. 也，同樣；而且（

24、不與否定式也，同樣；而且（不與否定式動(dòng)詞連用）動(dòng)詞連用） She speaks French and German and also a little Russian. 她會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)、德語(yǔ)，還會(huì)說(shuō)一點(diǎn)兒俄語(yǔ)。她會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)、德語(yǔ)，還會(huì)說(shuō)一點(diǎn)兒俄語(yǔ)。 He is young and good-looking, and also very rich. 他又年輕又帥氣，而且還很富有。他又年輕又帥氣，而且還很富有。 I teach five days a week and I also teach evening classes. 我每星期教五天，而且還教晚上的課。我每星期教五天，而且還教晚上的課。比較：比

25、較：also/too/as wellalso, too, as well都指句中有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)與前面都指句中有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)與前面提到的事物相結(jié)合或相一致，這三個(gè)詞語(yǔ)提到的事物相結(jié)合或相一致，這三個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的雅俗程度和在句中的位置有所不同。的雅俗程度和在句中的位置有所不同。 also含較莊重色彩，通常用于主要?jiǎng)釉~含較莊重色彩，通常用于主要?jiǎng)釉~之前（但若主要?jiǎng)釉~為之前（但若主要?jiǎng)釉~為be，則放于其后），則放于其后） Ive met Jane and Ive also met her mother. 我已見(jiàn)到簡(jiǎn)，我也見(jiàn)到了她的母親。我已見(jiàn)到簡(jiǎn)，我也見(jiàn)到了她的母親。 She was rich, and she was

26、 also selfish. 她很富，她也很自私。她很富，她也很自私。too和和as well比較通俗，通常用于從句的句比較通俗，通常用于從句的句尾。尾。 Ive read the book and Ive seen the film as well/too. 我看過(guò)這本書(shū)，也看過(guò)這部電影。我看過(guò)這本書(shū)，也看過(guò)這部電影。3. None of them has an environment like that of the earth 沒(méi)有一顆行星擁有與地球一樣的環(huán)境沒(méi)有一顆行星擁有與地球一樣的環(huán)境none 表示（三個(gè)以上）一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。表示（三個(gè)以上）一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。意為意為“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人沒(méi)有一個(gè)人/

27、東西東西”，none作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)定。的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)定。如：如： None of them has been to Beijing. 他們中沒(méi)有一個(gè)人到過(guò)北他們中沒(méi)有一個(gè)人到過(guò)北京。（京。（none指代可指代可 數(shù)名詞，數(shù)名詞， 強(qiáng)調(diào)單一性，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式強(qiáng)調(diào)單一性，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式） None of them were aware of the danger. 他們都沒(méi)有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。他們都沒(méi)有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。（none指代可數(shù)指代可數(shù) 名詞名詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體性，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式強(qiáng)調(diào)整體性，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式） None of the money is

28、his. 這些錢(qián)沒(méi)有他的份兒。這些錢(qián)沒(méi)有他的份兒。（none指代指代不可數(shù)不可數(shù) 名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式）4. . and our solar system is a small part of a much larger group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way.我們的太陽(yáng)系只是一個(gè)由恒星和行星我們的太陽(yáng)系只是一個(gè)由恒星和行星組成的星系的一小部分，這個(gè)星系比太陽(yáng)組成的星系的一小部分，這個(gè)星系比太陽(yáng)系大得多，稱(chēng)作銀河系或銀河。系大得多，稱(chēng)作銀河系或銀河。 這里的這里的the Galax

29、y專(zhuān)指專(zhuān)指“銀河系銀河系”，也可，也可以以 稱(chēng)作稱(chēng)作the Milky Way。而。而galaxy則泛指則泛指“星系星系”。例如：例如： Scientists have discovered a distant galaxy. 科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的星系。科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的星系。本句中本句中called the Galaxy or the Milky Way為為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)，修飾過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)，修飾a much larger group of stars and planets。類(lèi)似的例子還有：類(lèi)似的例子還有： They have a two-year-old son calle

30、d Mike. 他們有一個(gè)兩歲的兒子叫邁克。他們有一個(gè)兩歲的兒子叫邁克。5. However, no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy. 然而，還沒(méi)有任何航天器能到達(dá)銀河系然而，還沒(méi)有任何航天器能到達(dá)銀河系 里的其他恒星。里的其他恒星。形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞 + enough to do表示表示“到達(dá)到達(dá)程度，會(huì)發(fā)生某結(jié)果程度，會(huì)發(fā)生某結(jié)果”。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上學(xué)的年齡了。他到上學(xué)的年齡了。 He got up early enou

31、gh to catch the first bus. 他起得很早，趕上了首班車(chē)。他起得很早，趕上了首班車(chē)。6. . with so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space? 宇宙中有這么多星球，我們是孤獨(dú)的宇宙中有這么多星球，我們是孤獨(dú)的 嗎，抑或太空中還有其他生命存在呢？嗎，抑或太空中還有其他生命存在呢？這里這里with so many stars in the universe是介是介 詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。with + 名詞名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ),

32、在句中做狀語(yǔ)，在句中做狀語(yǔ)，表示表示伴隨情況伴隨情況。 With so many things to do, we have no time to play. 要做的事情這么多，我們都沒(méi)時(shí)間玩了。要做的事情這么多，我們都沒(méi)時(shí)間玩了。alone adj.孤單的孤單的, 孤獨(dú)的。作形容詞時(shí)不作孤獨(dú)的。作形容詞時(shí)不作定語(yǔ)只作表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)只作表語(yǔ), 也可作副詞。意思是也可作副詞。意思是“獨(dú)自獨(dú)自地地”。 I dont like going out alone after dark. 我不喜歡天黑后獨(dú)自外出。我不喜歡天黑后獨(dú)自外出。比較：比較：alone/lonelyalone表示獨(dú)自一人；表示獨(dú)自一人；l

33、onely表示心靈上的孤表示心靈上的孤單。單。 Although Im alone, I dont feel lonely. 雖然我獨(dú)自一人，但是我不感到孤單。雖然我獨(dú)自一人，但是我不感到孤單。1. In the world _ people like watching TV. A. millions of B. two millions C. two million of D. two million of 2. Basketball is such a popular game in the world that _ people play it for fun and exercise. A. million of B. millions of C. millions D. two millions of A B3. _ girls took part in the Super Girl Competition, but only a few of them succeeded. A. One million of B. Millions of C. Two millions D. Two million of4.