美國第二次工業(yè)革命英語課堂作業(yè)

1、Conts 1.The of the second industrial revolution2.The of the industrial revolution3.The of the second industrial revolution Introduction to the second industrial revolution（花神井個(gè)人制作。不（花神井個(gè)人制作。不喜勿噴，英語水平：百度在線翻譯）喜勿噴，英語水平：百度在線翻譯）1.The basis of the second industrial revolution1.1 in the Civil War(1861-1865

2、)1.2Abundant natural 1.3 and abundant labor supply1.4Enlightened Introduction to the second industrial revolution nAfter , Lincoln led the American people won a great victory in the war.Not only to avoid the risk of the United States to be split, so that the United States Constitution continue to be

3、 the fundamental law of the country, but also to promote the continuous improvement of . Introduction to the second industrial revolution lCenter of gravity separation of the three powers turned to ,the federal system was consolidated,adapted to the needs of the development of during the American In

4、dustrial Revolution.lAfter the victory of the war, the northern industrial bourgeoisie used political power to ,promoted the comprehensive development of the capitalist economy,provided for the industrial revolution. Introduction to the second industrial revolution lThe continent of North America is

5、 rich in natural resources, can be cultivated and dense forests can be cut down.Provide the required architectural wood and burning required wood.Northeast has a lot of , it can be used as a power-driven waterwheel. lBefore and after the civil war, were found in Alegongni mountainous area.Mesabi Mou

6、ntain Range is rich in iron ore,the western region is rich in copper resources.Oil was discovered in Pennsylvania and Ohio,then in Oklahoma and Texas found oil. Introduction to the second industrial revolution The United States is a veritable rich land,and these natural resources has become for the

7、American Industrial Revolution. For example, the Minnesota-Lake Superior region,which had yielded some iron ore by the 1850s, contributed the rich deposits of the Mesabi Range by the 1890s. This priceless bonanza, where mountains of red-rusted ore could be scooped up by steam shovels, ultimately bec

8、ame a cornerstone of a vast steel empire. Introduction to the second industrial revolution1.3 and abundant labor supply Leading scientists in the United States Leading entrepreneurs in the United States Mass migration Introduction to the second industrial revolution Introduction to the second indust

9、rial revolution During the Industrial Revolution, the United States emerged in a number of scientists.they are. Introduction to the second industrial revolutionWith the accumulation of capital, and the emergence of new technologies, some entrepreneurs emerged.They are. Introduction to the second ind

10、ustrial revolutionl Massive immigration helped make unskilled labor cheap and plentiful. Steel, the keystone industry, built its strength largely on the sweat of low-priced immigrant labor from eastern and southern Europe, working in two 12-hour shifts, seven days a week. The American industrial rev

11、olution, which has benefited from the cheap labor brought by mass migration, has been rapidly carried out. Introduction to the second industrial revolution1.After the civil war, the federal government continued to implement high tariff policies to protect the manufacturing industry，and allowed forei

12、gn immigrants to enter the United States on a large scale.2.United States Patent Policy.By 1860 the United States Patent Office has granted 36000 patents, and the number of patents granted 440000 in 1890. Introduction to the second industrial cation policy.After the Civil War, the Uni

13、ted States carried out educational reforms, and many universities became centers of scientific research and production technology to guide national and state.By 1915 the country has more than 100 public and private industrial research centers and laboratories.The education policy had played a key ro

14、le in promoting the industrial revolution.2.The development of the industrial revolution2.1 The beginning of the revolution-changes in energy sector2.2 the powerful engine of revolution-iron and steel production2.3 the wings of revolution-The development of transportation industry Introduction to th

15、e second industrial revolution2.1The beginning of the revolution-changes in energy sector Supply and use of electricity oil Introduction to the second industrial revolution Introduction to the second industrial revolutionIn 1749, Franklin designed the motor. In 1879, the first electric light bulb ca

16、me out.In 1882, New York built the first commercial thermal power station.And In 1898, the number of power plants in the United States changed to 2774The electric light turned night into day and transformed ancient human habits as well. People had previously slept an average of nine hours a night; n

17、ow they slept just a bit more than seven hours. Introduction to the second industrial revolutionBy 1914, the United States basically achieved industrial electrification.In 1924, the United States amounted to 65 billion kilowatts of electricity consumption, the sum of the rest of the world roughly eq

18、uivalent.Early 20th century, the United States ranked first in the world power industry,and the United States entered the era of electrification. Introduction to the second industrial revolutionThe sudden emergence of the oil industry was one of the most striking developments of the years during and

19、 after the Civil War. Traces of oil found on streams had earlier been bottled for back-rub and other patent medicines, but not until 1859 did the first well in Pennsylvania Drakes Folly pour out its liquid black gold.Oil business boomed,by the 1870s kerosene was Americas fourth most valuable export.

20、 Introduction to the second industrial revolution Steel is king! might well have been the exultant war cry of the new industrialized generation. The mighty metal ultimately held together the new steel civilization, from skyscrapers to coal scuttles, while providing it with food, shelter, and transpo

21、rtation. Steel making, notably rails for railroads, typified the dominance of heavy industry which concentrated on makingcapital goods,as distinct from the production of consumer goods such as clothes and shoes. Introduction to the second industrial revolution Within an amazing twenty years, the Uni

22、ted States had outdistanced all foreign competitors and was pouring out more than one-third of the worlds supply of steel. By 1900 America was producing as much as Britain and Germany combined. Introduction to the second industrial revolutionIron and steel production and manufacturing enterprises，18

23、98Iron and steel production in different periods，1870-1910 Introduction to the second industrial revolutionLower Broadway 1875Horses still abounded in New York and other cities when this lithograph was made, but they would soon be displaced by street railways and automobiles. Introduction to the sec

24、ond industrial revolutionDuring the industrial revolution,transportation industry has been an unprecedented development,and one of the most prominent was the railway.Northern Pacific RailroadTraveling first class Introduction to the second industrial revolution Postwar industrial expansion, partly a

25、 result of the railroad network, rapidly began to assume mammoth proportions. When Lincoln was elected in 1860, the Republic ranked only fourth among the manufacturing nations of the world. By 1894 it had bounded into first place. Introduction to the second industrial revolution3.The impact of the i

26、ndustrial revolution Introduction to the second industrial revolution Introduction to the second industrial revolution1.The second industrial revolution made a historic leap in American productivity,heavy industry played a leading role in the national economy,and became the worlds number one industr

27、ial power.American Industry in 1900 Introduction to the second industrial revolution2.The main social consequences of the second industrial revolution, the United States completed the transition of liberal capitalism to monopoly capitalism and develop into a typical trust imperialism.(第二次工業(yè)革命的主要社會(huì)后果

28、是，美國完成了自由資本主第二次工業(yè)革命的主要社會(huì)后果是，美國完成了自由資本主義向壟斷資本主義的過渡，并發(fā)展成為一個(gè)典型的托拉斯帝義向壟斷資本主義的過渡，并發(fā)展成為一個(gè)典型的托拉斯帝國主義。國主義。) Introduction to the second industrial revolution3.Second Industrial Revolution prompted the US social life changes.(Women in the factory)(A Virginia Tbacco Factory, 1880)The employment of women and children was a common practice in late-nineteenth-century American industry. Introduction to the second industrial revolutionBreaker Boys a