冷軋鋼帶表面檢查線缺陷檢查

1、 表面檢查線缺陷檢查Inspection Line Surface Defect Checking鋼帶軋制表面缺陷分析Catalogue of Surface DefectsTexture Rolled Steel Strip 缺陷目錄Index of contents1. Scratches, longitudinal 縱向擦傷22. Scratches, transversal 橫向擦傷33. Grooves 凹痕44. Remains of quenching medium 淬火介質(zhì)殘留55. Pimples (roll defect) 鋼帶表面皮疹（軋輥缺陷）66. Scales (r

2、oll defect) 刻痕（軋輥缺陷）77. Rolling marks, transversal lines 軋印，橫向軋線88. Rolling marks, cross defect 軋印，交叉類型99. Chatter marks 振顫印1010. Rokes 縱裂紋1111. Shell 剝落1212. Holes 孔洞1313. Inrolled external particles 雜質(zhì)軋入1414. Scratches with internal cracks 內(nèi)裂紋滑痕1515. Grinding martensite 拋光狀馬氏體16Type of defect(缺陷類型

3、)Scratches, longitudinal縱向擦傷Definition說明Surface defects in rolling direction.沿軋制方向產(chǎn)生Appearance缺陷形貌Defects in rolling direction of various sizes, which are either open or closed.缺陷沿軋制方向產(chǎn)生，有各種尺寸，缺陷形式可能是開放的或封閉的Picture缺陷照片 V = 6.3 : 1 Rmax = 6.55 µmCause of defect缺陷成因Defects can occur in most produ

4、ction steps of cold rolling, due to running strip over edges or ridges of machine parts or pre-stripper (overrolled particles in guides etc).在冷軋生產(chǎn)的各個環(huán)節(jié)都可能產(chǎn)生該種缺陷，比如鋼帶的利邊、設(shè)備的棱角或鋼帶導位上的小雜質(zhì)都可能造成該缺陷。Acceptance檢驗Defect is accepted if it occurs only partially in accordance with specified roughness (analog t

5、o fine grooves).如果缺陷的粗糙度與材料正常部分粗糙度一致的話，可以接受（例如小的刻痕）。Sorbitex 75 - Rt max. 3 µm in thickness <= 0.15 mm and 5 µm in thickness > 0.15 mm厚度0.15mm以下的材料粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 3 µm，厚度大于0.15mm以上材料，粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 5 µmSorbitex 80 / 90 - Rt max. 3 µm in thickness <= 0.60 mm and 5 &

6、#181;m in thickness > 0.60 mm厚度0.60mm以下的材料粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 3 µm，厚度大于0.60mm以上材料，粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 5 µmType of defect(缺陷類型)Scratches, transversal 橫向擦傷Definition說明Surface defects across rolling direction. 與軋制方向垂直Appearance缺陷形貌Defect transversal or crosswise to rolling direction in different s

7、izes, open or closed. 缺陷沿軋制方向垂直方向產(chǎn)生，有各種尺寸，缺陷形式可能是開放的或封閉的Picture缺陷照片 V = 6.3 : 1 Rmax = 1.07 µmCause of defect缺陷成因Possible to occur in nearly all production steps of cold rolling.Arising mostly by strip slipping crosswise over metal rolls, soiled strippers or relative movements between single tu

8、rns of the coil.在冷軋的各個環(huán)節(jié)都可能產(chǎn)生該缺陷。特別是當鋼帶呈松弛狀態(tài)經(jīng)過軋輥、不干凈的分離器以及此時鋼卷各層間產(chǎn)生相對滑動時，容易產(chǎn)生上述缺陷。Acceptance檢驗Defect acceptable up to roughness of Rt max. 1.0 µm if not sharp edged in magnification of 100:1.在放大100倍未見利邊且粗糙度最大Rt max. 1.0 µm時，可以認為合格。Type of defect(缺陷類型)Grooves凹痕Definition說明Fine abrasion of s

9、urface in rolling direction沿軋制方向的細小磨痕Appearance缺陷形貌Defect in rolling direction, usually continuous surface defects which are open or closed.沿軋制方向經(jīng)常連續(xù)出現(xiàn)，缺陷形式可能是開放的或封閉的Picture缺陷照片Cause of defect缺陷成因Defect is caused mostly by particles of dirt or chips in stripper or strip press該缺陷主要由于小污物或小的金屬碎片造成Accep

10、tance檢驗Defect is accepted if it occurs only partially in accordance with specified roughness.如果缺陷僅在局部產(chǎn)生同時粗糙度能滿足要求就判定為合格Sorbitex 75 - Rt max. 3 µm in thickness <= 0.15 mm and 5 µm in thickness > 0.15 mm厚度0.15mm以下的材料粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 3 µm，厚度大于0.15mm以上材料，粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 5 µmSorb

11、itex 80 / 90 - Rt max. 3 µm in thickness <= 0.60 mm and 5 µm in thickness > 0.60 mm厚度0.60mm以下的材料粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 3 µm，厚度大于0.60mm以上材料，粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 5 µmType of defect(缺陷類型)Remains of quenching medium淬火介質(zhì)殘留Definition說明In rolled remains of quenching medium.軋制后淬火介質(zhì)殘留Appearance

12、缺陷形貌Grey parts on surface in longitudinal direction in different grades. Clear optical difference to basic steel material.鋼帶表面沿軋制方向的不同層次的灰白色區(qū)域。用光學檢查即可清除的與鋼基體進行區(qū)分。Picture缺陷照片 V = 6,3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因Caused due to a non-optimal stripping of quenchant after heat treatment in liquid metal bath and

13、 heavy texture cold rolling afterwards.該缺陷的主要成因在于鋼帶進行淬火冷卻過程中，淬火介質(zhì)在鋼帶表面殘留Acceptance檢驗Defect occurs in rare cases and is acceptable up to roughness of Rt max. 3.0 µm:該缺陷零星產(chǎn)生時，如果缺陷區(qū)域表面粗糙度小于Rt max. 3.0 µm則判定為合格Type of defect(缺陷類型)Pimples (roll defect)鋼帶表面皮疹（軋輥缺陷）Definition說明Peaks on strip surf

14、ace.鋼帶表面凸起。Appearance缺陷形貌Raised areas of different look, periodically occurring on the strip surface.在鋼帶表面周期性出現(xiàn)，成不同表象的凸起狀態(tài)。Picture缺陷照片 V = 6,3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因Originated by small outbreaks or depressions on the surface of working rolls.工作輥上的小破損或局部壓潰將造成此類缺陷。Acceptance檢驗Overrolled and only optic

15、al defects up to Ø 2 mm are accepted.單個缺陷的直徑經(jīng)測量直徑小于2mm認為合格。Defects Ø > 2 mm shall be accepted if defect-quota does not exceed 2 x 8 mm per delivered coil. Defects have to be marked by C.D. Wälzholz. 如果單個缺陷尺寸大于2mm但每卷鋼帶中缺陷不超過2 x 8則認為鋼帶合格。但缺陷部分必須由C.D. Wälzholz.公司進行標記。Type of defe

16、ct(缺陷類型)Scales (roll defect)刻痕（軋輥缺陷）Definition說明Scales are outbreaks of areas of matter of the working roll.主要由于軋輥材質(zhì)缺陷造成Appearance缺陷形貌Regular recurring severe marks of different size and manner. 有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)但形狀和尺寸沒有規(guī)律Picture缺陷照片 V = 6,3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因Scales are outbreaks in areas of the working rol

17、l.工作輥局部區(qū)域破損造成。Acceptance檢驗Defect is accepted if lot does not exceed 2 x 8 mm by coil. Defects have to be marked.整卷的缺陷不超過2 x 8 mm認定合格。缺陷必須標識出來。Type of defect(缺陷類型)Rolling marks, transversal lines軋印，橫向軋線Definition說明Transversal defects are short roll marks across the rolling direction.橫向軋印是短的垂直于軋制方向App

18、earance缺陷形貌Regular recurring, narrow linear marks across rolling direction.周期性出現(xiàn)，窄的線性形狀并垂直于軋制方向Picture缺陷照片V = 6.3 : 1 Rmax = 1.01 µm Cause of defect缺陷成因Defect is caused by fine breaks on surface of working roll, i.e. defective working roll.該類缺陷是由于工作輥上的細小破損造成的例如有缺陷的工作輥。Acceptance檢驗Defect is acce

19、pted up to roughness of Rt max. 1.0 µm, when not sharp edged in magnification 100:1.按100:1比例放大未見利邊的情況下，粗糙度小于Rt max. 1.0 µm判定合格。Defect with roughness > Rt = 1.0 µm is only accepted if defect-quota does not exceed 2 x 8 mm. Defects have to be marked.如果缺陷的粗糙度大于Rt = 1.0 µm那么在整卷缺陷小

20、于2 x 8mm時仍可判定為合格。但必須講缺陷標記出來。Type of defect(缺陷類型)Rolling marks, cross defects軋印，交叉類型Definition說明Transversal rolling defects are longitudinal, mostly visual marks across rolling direction.橫向的軋制缺陷是縱向形式的，沿軋制方向產(chǎn)生交叉類型缺陷Appearance缺陷形貌Periodically occurring, longitudinal marks of different length across rol

21、ling direction.Length > 2 x 8 mm defect width.周期性出現(xiàn)，交叉于軋制方向不同長度的縱向軋印。缺陷的長度大于2 x 8 mm寬度Picture缺陷照片 V = 6.3 : 1 Rmax = 1.02 µmCause of defect缺陷成因Defect on working roll occurs due to contact with other machinery parts when equipping the mill.在軋機裝輥時或與其它設(shè)備連接過程中，工作輥產(chǎn)生損傷造成上述缺陷。Acceptance檢驗Defects u

22、p to roughness Rt max. 1.0 µm is accepted, if there are no sharp edges in magnification 100:1.按100:1的比例放大未見利邊的情況下，缺陷處的粗糙度最大為Rt max. 1.0 µm。Type of defect(缺陷類型)Chatter marks 振顫印Definition說明Wavelike appearances on surface.與軋制方向垂直產(chǎn)生的表面波浪印記Appearance缺陷形貌Undulations across to rolling direction

23、over the total width of the strip.貫穿整個鋼帶寬度與軋制方向垂直的波浪印記Picture缺陷照片Cause of defect缺陷成因Due to not 100 % accurate grinded working rolls.由于工作輥沒有100%達到磨削精度造成此類缺陷Acceptance檢驗Release only after consultation with quality management KWB resp. customer.需要質(zhì)量控制部門和用戶共同商議決定Type of defect(缺陷類型)Rokes縱裂紋Definition說明L

24、ongitudinal marks parallel to rolling direction. 與軋制方向平行的縱向缺陷Appearance缺陷形貌Narrow, longitudinal marks, in rolling direction, lighter or darker than steel surface. Rokes do not appear regular and are limited.缺陷比較狹窄，沿軋制方向，顏色比鋼帶表面顏色深或淺?？v裂紋的出現(xiàn)是沒有規(guī)律的。Picture缺陷照片 V = 6.3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因Caused by no

25、n-metallic inclusions during production of hot steel strip or caused by small surface defects originated in production of hot rolled steel strip.該缺陷是由于熱軋帶中的非金屬夾雜或熱軋鋼帶表面的缺陷造成的。Acceptance檢驗Defect is accepted within specified roughness if occurring sporadically (analog fine grooves).如果缺陷是零星出現(xiàn)并滿足粗糙度要求則可

26、以判定為合格（類似于小的刻痕）。Sorbitex 75 - Rt max. 3 µm for thickness < 0.15 mm resp. 5 µm for thickness > 0.15 mm厚度0.15mm以下的材料粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 3 µm，厚度大于0.15mm以上材料，粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 5 µmSorbitex 80 / 90 - Rt max. 3 µm for thickness < 0.60 mm resp. 5 µm for thickness > 0.60

27、mm厚度0.60mm以下的材料粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 3 µm，厚度大于0.60mm以上材料，粗糙度可接受范圍Rt max. 5 µmType of defect(缺陷類型)Shell剝落Definition說明Irregular, flaky overlapping material with nonmetallic inclusions.不規(guī)則的薄片狀非金屬夾雜Appearance缺陷形貌Overlapping in various forms which vary in size. They occur irregular and isolated.Shell

28、s are signalized e.g. due to spread of upper surface layers.各種重疊形狀。缺陷的發(fā)生是無規(guī)則的孤立出現(xiàn)的。剝落是非常明顯的缺陷比如上層表面的分離。Picture缺陷照片 V = 6.3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因Due to formation of relatively large clusters of nonmetallic inclusions during the continuous casting process or are attributable to mould and flame scarfi

29、ng defects.該缺陷的主要成因是鑄造過程中產(chǎn)生的非金屬夾雜造成的Acceptance檢驗Defect is not accepted.出現(xiàn)該缺陷則產(chǎn)品判為不合格Type of defect(缺陷類型)Holes孔洞Definition說明Discontinuities in material which pass right through from top to bottom surface.貫穿于鋼帶上下表面，非連續(xù)出現(xiàn)Appearance缺陷形貌Discontinuities of different kind and size. Occurrence is irregular

30、and isolated.非連續(xù)的不同種類和形狀。單獨不連續(xù)出現(xiàn)。Picture缺陷照片V = 6.3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因Holes occur as a result of material tearing, due to local weakness in the strip cross section, e.g. because of prematerial defects or severe mechanical injuries of the surface.孔洞的產(chǎn)生是由于金屬撕裂造成的，由于鋼帶局部強度不足造成。主要由于原料缺陷或鋼帶表面受到機械損傷造成

31、。Acceptance驗收Defect is not accepted.出現(xiàn)該缺陷則產(chǎn)品判為不合格Type of defect(缺陷類型)Rolled in external particles雜質(zhì)軋入Definition說明External particles can contaminate the steel strip in every production step.在冷軋的各個環(huán)節(jié)都可能由于鋼帶污染造成此類缺陷Appearance缺陷形貌Slip mark similar surface defects. In etched cross section normally as whi

32、te particles visible. Cross cracks and deformation figures as result of cold rolling. Punctual on surface. 與滑痕缺陷類似。一般在缺陷區(qū)域可見白色雜質(zhì)。缺陷表現(xiàn)出來的橫裂紋和變形是由于軋制造成的。在鋼帶表面清晰可見。Picture缺陷照片V = 6.3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因External particles pressed in strip surface外部雜質(zhì)顆粒壓入鋼帶表面Acceptance檢驗Acceptable only after consultin

33、g with quality management as well as approval of customer. 經(jīng)與質(zhì)量部門協(xié)商并征得客戶同意后方可接受Type of defect(缺陷類型)Slip marks with internal cracks內(nèi)裂紋滑痕Definition說明Slip mark similar surface defects.與滑痕類似缺陷Appearance缺陷形貌Crosswise cracks and deformation figures partly across the total width. In etched lateral cut without white particles. Characteristic is the bended end.橫向裂紋和變形部分或全部貫穿整個缺陷寬度范圍。截面處沒有白色雜質(zhì)。最明顯特征是端面彎曲。Picture缺陷照片V = 6.3 : 1Cause of defect缺陷成因Origin in c