動名詞作主語和賓語

1、動名詞作主語和賓語日期:動名詞做主語和賓語的用法及練習(xí)動名詞（動名詞具有動詞和名詞的特征，在句中作主 語、表語、賓語和定語）動名詞主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)與謂語動詞的關(guān)系一般式D oingIB e ing do ne與謂語動作同時發(fā)生元成式Having doneHaving b e endo ne動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前作主語1.謂語用單數(shù)。Cli m b in g m o u nt a ins is rea 11 y f u n.Swimmingi s my f av o r it e sport.R e ading is an ar t .Get t ing up ea r l yis a good

2、 h abit.例:1.-What do you think mad e Mary so upsher new bicyc 1A. As sh e lostB. L os tC.Ls ingD. B e cau s e of l osin g2.使用形式主 語it,而將動名詞放在句尾。It' n o u se dol ng I t' no go o d d o ing It' s a was t e o f t l me dol ng 例:1 t' no g ood_ (w a it) here.It' n o use(ar g ue) wit h h

3、er.It' no g 0 o d(smoke), y ou ' betteriv e itu p.I t' a w a ste o f 11 me(wait) he r e.No smok ing ( =No smoki ng is a llowe d(h e r e)作賓語習(xí)慣上接動名詞作賓語的動詞【附記憶口訣】e,excu s e,其后習(xí)慣上要跟動名詞作賓語的常見動詞有以下詞匯：ad mi t , appre ciato id , bur s t out, co n sid er, delay, deny, dislik e , e njoy , esc ap e

4、,f a ncy, fee 1 like, finish , fo r g l ve, give u p, (can t)h elp, imagine, keep (on), mind ,miss, p rac t ise, prev en t, put o ff, resist, ris k, ( c an' ) sta nd, stop, s u ggest, understand 等。女0 :用法舉例:H e adm itted ha v in g t a ken the money.他承認(rèn)拿了那筆錢。第七句包含的 動詞有：can 't sta nd （難以忍受）,set

5、 ab o ut開始，著手，o bject t o,She bu r s t o u t c rying ( 1 augh in g, sin gi ng). 她突然哭(笑，唱)起來。I ' e oft e neon sidere d s tud y ing abroa d . 我經(jīng)常在想出 國留學(xué)。T h ey have p ut of f 1e av ing.他們已推遲動身。She enjoy s h e Iping her pare n t sT he r e i sway to e sc a p ed o i n g t hew ork.沒有辦法逃脫做這項工作。Ple ase

6、excusem y op enin gy our let t erby m ist ak e.請原諒我誤拆了你的信。The re wa sd ea diy sil e neeafter sh e fini sh ed speaking.她說完話后是一片wi t h the housewo r k. 她喜歡幫她 母親做家務(wù)。沉默。.請原諒我打擾了。P le as e forgi v e myin terru pt ingThe d oct or t o ld m e to gi ve u p sm oki ng .醫(yī)生叫我戒煙。Can you imag i ne 1 i v i ng with

7、o ut electri ci ty?你能想象沒有電的生活嗎？My sho e laces keep co m ing u n don e. 我的鞋 帶老是松開。Nob o d y menti one d goi ng t he r e h e lpi n g her. 沒有人提到要去那 兒幫助她。We d on tm i n d w aiting.我們不介意等候。H e ju s t m i sse d bei n g struck.他險些兒被打著。They are pra cti s i ng s i n g ing th e new s on g .他們正在練習(xí) 唱新歌。We de ci

8、ded t o p ut off 1e av i ng.我們決定推遲動身。W e ' re wil 1 ing to risk 1 osi n g our jobs .我們愿冒失業(yè)的危險。He suggested g oi ng tog e the rin one ca r. 他建議大家一起坐一 輛汽車去。I just ca nt u n der s ta n d h i sh im s t e a l i n gthe m o n ey.我簡直無法理解他為什么要偷錢。后面只能用 動名詞做賓語的動詞記憶口訣考慮建議盼原諒承認(rèn)推遲沒得想避免錯過繼續(xù)練否認(rèn)完成就欣賞禁止想象才冒險不禁介意準(zhǔn)

9、逃亡難以忍受始反對想要成功堅持忙習(xí)慣放棄有困難導(dǎo)致專心防道歉解析:第一句包含的動詞有:con sid er, sugg e st/ advise, loo kfor w a rd t o , e xc use /par d on,第二節(jié)包含的 動詞 有：ad m i t, delay/p u t off, f an cy,第三句包含的 動詞 有: av o i d, mi s s, k eep/keepon, pract i c e ,第四句句包含的 動詞有:den y, fin i sh, en joy/ap pr ecia t e,第五句包含的 動詞有:f o r b id, i mag

10、ine , risk第六句包含的 動詞有：ca n't he Ip, mind, a 11 ow/pe rm it,e scape.第八句包含動詞有：f e el 1i k e （想要），succee d in （成功）,s tick to（堅持），insi s t on（堅持,強調(diào)，堅決要求），be bu s y （in）（忙于做某事）, gi ve u p（放棄）,have第九句包含的 動詞 有:be used/a cc u s tom ed to（習(xí)慣 于d i ffic u lty/trouble （in）,（做某事有困 難）pre第十句包含的 動詞有:le a d to （導(dǎo)

11、致），devo te to（將奉獻(xiàn)給;把專用于），ventfrom（預(yù)防，防止）,a po 1 og i ze f o r（為道歉）,此夕卜，h avea go o d/wonder f ul/hard t im e （in）,spend tim e（in）,thank youfor, pa y a t tent ion to, a i m at 目的在于，旨在;瞄準(zhǔn)；企圖，ac cu se0 f控告;譴責(zé),get d o w n to, e t c.例如: I rea 1 lyappreciat ehavi ng ti m e t ol a x with youon t h is n ic

12、eisla nd.（上海高考）W hi 1 e sho ppi n g,people som et i m escan'thelp b e i ngpe r sua ded intobuy i ng some th I c an't s tandi ngt hey don't r eal 1yneed （上海）w orking with J a ne in th e same o ffice, shej ust re f use s to1 e she w orks.（北京）sto p talkin g whi 接動名詞作賓語的動詞速記口訣Mrs . PBI a ckm

13、issedabeef b ag. （ P布萊克夫人丟了一個牛肉袋。）妙語詮釋該句話中每個字母代表了一 個動詞或短語，這些動詞要求后面跟 動名詞作賓語。這些動詞分別是:M = mind,r =ri sk, s=suc ceed in, P=prac ti c e ,B = be b u sy, l=look for w ard to,a=admit, c=ca n tei p,k= k e e p o n, m=mi s s,i=in sis ton, s=su g g est,s=s t op, e =enjoy , d = d el a y,a= av oi d, b= bewor t h,

14、 a =advise, g=giv e up.例:O u r moni to rsugg e s t eda d i scussion ofthi s subject.A. to ha v eB .shou 1 d haveC.h aveD.havi n g（2）只能接不定式作賓語的動詞:hap pen 碰巧,o ff e r主動提出，prom i se答應(yīng),agree 同意,refuse 拒絕, dec id e 決定,d etermin e 決定、pr e t end 假裝， f a il未能夠,learn 學(xué)習(xí),w i s h希望,affo r d負(fù)擔(dān)得起。hop e希望ex pec t

15、，期待期望（3）接動名詞、不定式均可，意義相同的動詞：like,love,di s like,h at e, b eg in, star, conti n ue, pref e r,ca n 'bea r /endure 無法忍受，ceas e 停止。注1:v in g形式表示 經(jīng)常性、概括性的動作，不定式表示具體的、特定的某一次 動作。如:?She l i ke s si ng i ng,but she does nt like t o s i ng today.注2：在begin, start, c on tinue后跟v - i ng形式和不定式作 賓語沒有區(qū)別，但s t art

16、, begin本身為進(jìn)行式或后接re ali z e ,won der.u ndersta nd等心理活動的詞時，常用不定式作賓語。如:?I b egan tor ealiz eth atI was wrong .(4 )下列單詞 接動名詞和不定式均可,義不同的 動詞 :forg e t,go on, m ean, read C. readingD .being re a degret,remember, stop,t ry 等Sto p t o d o 停下來去做stop doing停止做Forget t o do忘記要做f orget doing忘記做過Rem ember to do記得要

17、做re m e m b er d o ing 記得做過Reg r et to do 遺憾要做r e gret doing 后悔做 過Try t o do企圖做，盡力做try d oing 試著做Go on to do繼續(xù)做(另一件事)g o on do ing繼續(xù)做(同一件事)M ean to do打算做mean d o ing 意味做1. I n some p artso f Lo n do n,m i ssi ng a b us me ansforan othe r hou r.A waiti n gt o waitin gC waitD to b e w aiting2.You were

18、braveen ough to r aise o b j e c t ions at the mee t ing.Well , nowI reg r ett h at.A. t o doB . tobe d o i ngC. t o hav e do neD. h a ving do(5 )need , req u ire, wa n t作"需要"講，其后用動名詞的主動式表示被 動意義,be wo r th也有類似用法。如:The flow er s n eed wa t e r ing/to be watered.T h e problem iswor th d i s

19、cuss in g /to b e d is cu ss ed.(6) permit, allow,for b id , r e quir e (要求)doi ng s t h. / sb t o d o s th.跟人作賓語后,必須用不定式作 補語。例如:This room won ' t a ll o w sm ok i ng .在這間屋里不準(zhǔn)吸煙。We d o not allo w a n ybody to smoke here.這里不許吸煙。？例：一What do yo u t h in k ofthe boo k?-Oh , e X celle n t. It's w

20、 o rtha sec ond t im e. ? A. to r e adB.to b e r動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)？動名詞有一般式和完成式。它的一般式所表示的 動作或是與句中謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生，或是在句中 謂語動詞動 作之后發(fā)生；而它的完成式所表示的 動作則一般發(fā)生在句中謂語動詞動 作之前。例 1:While shop ping, pe op le s ometim escan't h e Ip _ into buying something例:Wha t worried t he child mo st wasto visi t h is mot her i n th e ho

21、s pth ey do n 't reall y n eed.A.tope rs uade B.per suadingC. be i ng p ersuade dD. be pe r s u a ded例 2:Ton y w as ve ryu n happy f orto the party . ?A.havi n g no t bee nin vitedB. n o th a V ing i nv it edC.havingnot i nvited動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)D.not having b een invi te d帶有邏輯主語的動名詞稱為動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)動名詞的邏輯主語與句

22、子的主語不一致時，要在動名詞之前加上物主代 詞或名詞所有格，這便構(gòu)成了動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其中物主代詞（名詞所有格）是邏輯上的主語，動名詞是邏輯上的謂語。動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語、賓語、表語等,分別相當(dāng)于一個主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句。如:Her co m in g t o help e n coura ge d a ll of us.他來幫忙鼓舞了我 們所有人。（=That she cameto help en courage d a1 l o f u s.)Jane ' being c arel e ss caused so muchtr oub l e. 簡的粗心惹來了不少麻

23、煩。（=ThatJane w a s care le s s c au s e d somuch t roub le .)W h at ' s troubli ng thm is their n o t h avin g e nough f ood . 煩擾他們的是食物不足。(=Wha t ' st r o ub l ing them is t hat t hey h ave n ot eno ugh fo o d .)在口語中，如果 動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，其中的物主代 詞常用人稱代詞賓格,名詞所有格常用名詞普通格來代替，但在句首作主 語時不能這樣來代替。如:Woul d yo

24、 u min d my/me u sing yo ur c omp uter?用下你的電腦介意嗎？T h e father ins is ted on his son s/his son g oi n g t o colle g e.爸爸堅決要求兒子上大學(xué)。M a r y' s (不可用Ma ry ) be ingill m ad e h e r mothe r up set.瑪麗病了，使她媽媽很著急。Hi s (不可用 H im) smokingmade hi s fami l y ang ry.他抽煙使他一家人非常生氣。例：I w o uld ap prec iateb ac k

25、t his aftern o on.A. you to call B. y ou c a ll C. y o u c all i ng D. yo u ' e ca l ling(Key:C ;換成yo u rcall i ng 也對)i t a I.A.h is no t a llo w ingB.wehis not being a 11owd?選擇最佳選項：ed?C.h is be i ng not allowe d ?D.havin gno t bee n all o1.is a good f orm o fexer cise fo r you n g a nd old.A.W

26、a lk B.Wa lkedC. T ow a lk D.Wa 1 king? 2 . You we re braveenou g h t o raise ob j ect ion sat the meeti n g.W ell, now I r e gr ett hat.? A .to d o B . to b ed o ingC .h aV e done D.ha v ing d one? 3. I do n' re g reteve n if itmig hthave ups et her. ? A. t o tel1 her w h at I t ho ughtB. toha

27、veher t h at I t h ought.telli n g wha t I tho u ghtD.te 1 lin g he rwhat I tho ugh t4.ea nin gB . to c l ea nC.c 1 e a nD. b eing cleed ?5c an h a rdly i mag in e Peter_a c r oss th e At 1an t ic O c ean i n fivday s .?A . sailB . t osa i lC. s a il i n gto hav esail e dT h e lib ra ry n eedswi 1 l

28、 h ae to wait u ntilS unday. ?A.b ut1 tVca n?Tha t'allforahead oft i mgh t.e .eD.6. I m u st ap olog i zeA.letting yo uno t kno wot lett i ng you know 述C.letting youkno w n otD.le t tingn ot y ou k now7?. Whatdoyo u t h in kof the no v el ?Oh, it' sre a llyA. w ell wor t h r e adi ngB.ve r y g o o d t o read ?C. worthyead i n gD . w or t hto be re a d?8. Wh ats troubli nghem isen OU gh expe r ien c ed wo rkers.A.that the y having n oB. theynot h aveC. t h e ir not havi ngD. no t their having 9?.S he