記敘文-寫人寫事的模板.

1、中考英語作文-記敘文寫作技巧來源:英語坊 2011-01-26 14:38:52標(biāo)簽:寫作作文中考小學(xué)精華資訊免費(fèi)訂閱記敘文是記人敘事的文章，它主要是用于說明事件的時(shí)間、背景、起因、過程及結(jié)果，即我們通常所說的五個(gè) “W ” ( what, who, when, where, w和一個(gè)“ H ” ( how記敘文的重點(diǎn)在于 述說”和 描寫”因此一篇好的記敘文要敘述條理清 楚,描寫生動(dòng)形象。下面就談?wù)動(dòng)⒄Z記敘文的特點(diǎn)和寫好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)。一、記敘文的特點(diǎn)1. 敘述的人稱英語的記敘文一般是以第一或第三人稱的角度來敘述的。用第一稱表示的是由 敘述者親眼所見、親耳所聞的經(jīng)歷。它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于能把故事的情

2、節(jié)通過我”來傳達(dá)給讀者，使人讀后感到真實(shí)可信，如身臨其境。如：The other day, I was driv ing along the street. Sudde nly, a car lost its con trol a nd ran directly towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly tur ned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.用第三人稱敘述，優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于敘述者不受 我”活動(dòng)范圍以內(nèi)的人和事物

3、的限制，而 是通過作者與讀者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情節(jié)展現(xiàn)在讀者面前，文章的客觀 性很強(qiáng)。如：Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On th e way, he saw an old woma n walk ing in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woma n an d wan ted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too s hort.

4、What could he do? Then he had a good idea.2. 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)在記敘文中，記和敘都離不開動(dòng)詞。所以動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)率最高，且富于變化。記敘文 中用得最多的是動(dòng)詞的過去的，這是英語記敘文區(qū)別于漢語記敘文的關(guān)鍵之處。英 語寫作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化，正是這一點(diǎn)才使得所記、所敘有鮮 活的動(dòng)態(tài)感、鮮明的層次感和立體感。3. 敘述的順序記敘一件事要有一定的順序。無論是順敘、倒敘、插敘還是補(bǔ)敘，都要讓讀者能弄清事情的來龍去脈。順敘最容易操作，較容易給讀者提供有關(guān)事情的空間和時(shí) 間線索。但這種方法也容易使文章顯得平鋪直敘，讀起來平淡乏味。倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘等敘述方法能

5、有效地提高文章的結(jié)構(gòu)效果，讓所敘之事跌宕起伏，使讀者在閱讀 時(shí)思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍，從而為文章所吸引，深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當(dāng)，則容易弄巧成拙，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)散 亂，頭緒不清,讓讀者不知所云。4. 敘述的過渡過渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會(huì)貫通的作用。過渡往往用在地點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移或時(shí)間、事件轉(zhuǎn)換以及由概括說明到具體敘述時(shí)。如：In my summer holidays, I did a lot of thin gs. Apart form doing my homework,read ing an En glish no vel, watchi ng TV and doing some housew

6、ork, I went on a tri p to Qin gdao. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places of in terest to see. But what impressed me most was the sun rise.The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turnin

7、g red. In a l ittle while, a small part of the sun was gradually appeari ng. The sun was very red, not shi nin g. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped abo ve the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the sea wat er became red and bright.What a

8、movi ng and un forgettable see ne!5. 敘述與對(duì)話引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對(duì)話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當(dāng)?shù)赜?直接引語代替間接的主觀敘述，可以客觀生動(dòng)地反映人物的性格、品質(zhì)和心理狀態(tài)，使記敘生動(dòng)、有趣，使文章內(nèi)容更加充實(shí)、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果：I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud n oise from the fron t. I thought maybe some one was knocking the door. I as

9、ked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor.I realized it was the cat. I felt released.這本來應(yīng)是一段故事性很強(qiáng)的文字，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫，就不那么吸引人了。原 因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒有人物語言，把 懸念”給沖淡了。可作如下調(diào)整：I was in the kitchen cooking something. "Crash!" a loud noise came from the f ront.

10、Thinking some one was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply. Aftera while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. "It's you." I said, quite released.二、寫好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)1. 頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚寫好記敘文，首先要頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚，明確文章要求寫什么。要對(duì)所寫的事件 或人物進(jìn)行分析，弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結(jié)束的整個(gè)過程，然后再收集選取素 材。這些素材都應(yīng)該跟上述五個(gè)“W和一個(gè)

11、“H有關(guān)。盡管不是每篇記敘文里都必須包括這 些“W和“H但動(dòng)筆之前，圍繞五個(gè)“W和“H進(jìn)行構(gòu)思是必不可少的。2. 突出中心，詳略得當(dāng)在文章的框架確定后，對(duì)支持故事的素材的選取是很關(guān)鍵的。選材要注意取舍，應(yīng)該從表現(xiàn)文章主題的需要出發(fā)，分清主次,定好詳略。要突出重點(diǎn)，詳寫細(xì)述那些能 表現(xiàn)文章主題的重要情節(jié)，略寫粗述那么非關(guān)鍵的次要情節(jié)。面面俱到反而使情節(jié) 羅列化，使人不得要領(lǐng)。這一點(diǎn)是寫好記敘文要解決的一個(gè)基本問題，也需要一定的 技巧。如：One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eigh

12、 t childre n. They have not eate n for days." I took some food with me and went.When I fin ally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little childre n disfig ured （破壞外貌 by hun ger. There was no sorrow or sad ness in their faces, just the deep pain of hun ger.I gave the rice to the mothe

13、r. She divided the rice in two, and went out, carryi ng half the rice. When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors they are hungry also!"3. 用活語言，準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)記敘文要用具體的事件和生動(dòng)的語言對(duì)人、事、物加以敘述。一篇好的記敘文 的語言既要準(zhǔn)確、生動(dòng)，又要表現(xiàn)力強(qiáng)，這樣才能把人、事描寫得具體生動(dòng)，其可讀性

14、 才強(qiáng)。試比較下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。原文：One day Xiaoqia ng was wan deri ng away. He was soon lost among people and traffic. He could not find the way back home and started crying. Just then, two yo ung students who were pass ing by found him sta nding alone in front of a shop an d crying. They went up to Xiaoqia ng

15、 and asked him what had happe ned. Xiaoqia n g told them how he got lost and where he lived. The two stude nts decided to take him home. Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqia ng come back safe and sound. Sh e in vited the two stude nts into the house and gave them some mon ey, but they di dn't take

16、it. She served them with tea but they left.修改后：The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street. After some time, he felt hungry so he wan ted to go back home. But h e found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic. Whe n he could not find the w

17、ay home, he started and crying. Just the n, two young stude nts who were pass ing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop. They immediately went up to him."Little boy, why are you sta nding here cryin g?" they asked."I want Mom, I go home." said the boy, still crying."Don't worry, we'll send you home."And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house. With the help of a policema n, they fin ally found it.Whe n the wo