定語從句與名詞性從句做題技巧

1、解答高中英語定語從句中的方法技巧選擇引導(dǎo)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是學(xué)習(xí)定語從句的難點(diǎn)。巧用以下口決，可化難為易。 一看指人還是物; 二看介詞在何處； 三看句中作何用; 四看否屬特殊。 在定語從句中如何正確判斷與使用介詞?方法1. 看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配方法2. 看從句中的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組與先行詞的搭配方法3. 根據(jù)先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞搭配名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+ of +which/whom知多少? 名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+ of 表示物用which表示人用whom如何恰當(dāng)使用when ,where , why與which, that引導(dǎo)的定語從句? 1. 先行詞是表示地點(diǎn),時(shí)間,原因的名詞或含有

2、地點(diǎn),時(shí)間,原因意義的抽象名詞，用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.where ,where, why在從句中作狀語相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的介詞+which 2. 若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。如何用好whose 引導(dǎo)的定語從句? Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ of +關(guān)系代詞”型，如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. = They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. = They lived in a house, the door of

3、which open to the south. 名 詞 性 從 句考點(diǎn)1語序問題 名詞性從句在句中要用陳述語序,從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于從句句首 。考點(diǎn)2 時(shí)態(tài)問題 1）主句的動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài) 2）主句的動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)，從句表示客觀事實(shí)，格言，諺語等 ，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 3)主句的動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用各種時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)3 主謂一致問題 單個(gè)的主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 When they will start an

4、d where they will go_(have)still unknown. When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .考點(diǎn)4虛擬語氣 a)主語從句中的虛擬語氣 基本句型：It is +形容詞、名詞、過去分詞+ that 主語+ (should) do a. It is important (necessary, natural, strange, advisable etc)+that主語+ (should) do b. It is a pity( a shame, no wonder et

5、c)+that 主語+ (should) do c. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted etc)+that . b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣 表示建議、要求、命令,堅(jiān)持等動(dòng)詞insist、command、order、 suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、request、desire、urge、recommend等后的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用 (should) + do/be done 注意：suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明”講時(shí)，insist 表

6、示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，從句按需要來選擇時(shí)態(tài)We suggested that the meeting _ （延期）. (put)he smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work. b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣a. I wish I _(know) the answer now.  b. I wish he _(pass)  the exam yesterday.c. I wish&

7、#160;I _ (fly) to the moon in a few years. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)，that從句中謂語用過去時(shí) 對(duì)過去虛擬時(shí)，用had過去分詞 對(duì)將來虛擬時(shí)，用would (might/could)動(dòng)詞原形 c)表語和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，即 (should) + do/be done. 1. His suggestion that

8、you _ once more sounds reasonable. (A) A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try 2. The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop (D)考點(diǎn)5 it作形式主語和形式賓語當(dāng)主語從句較長，而謂語較短時(shí)，常常將從句 后置，而用it作為形式主語置于句首。it 也可作形式賓語。 1. _ is known to u

9、s all that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. _ is known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. As D. Which2. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.（07年天津卷） A. this B. that C. it D. these 考點(diǎn)6 連接詞 a) what / which what 表“

10、什么”（無選擇范圍） which表選擇, “哪一個(gè)”（有選擇范圍） b) whatever /whoever/however/whomever/whichever/ 無論,不管 whatever 等同類詞既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句; 而 no matter what等只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 c).that/whether/what That : 無意義，不在從句中擔(dān)任成分，引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)可以省略。 Whether：“是否”，不在從句中擔(dān)任成分，不可省略。 whether和 if ：都能引導(dǎo)賓語從句；在下列情況下只能用whether a.引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時(shí)；

11、b. 介詞后； c. whether or not ; What : 在從句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語等成分；意思是什么所.的（事情，人，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式等） 1._(What/That /whether) was most important to her, she told me, was her family. 2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 3._made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities