開(kāi)放英語(yǔ)3學(xué)習(xí)筆記發(fā)送版-完型填空

1、英語(yǔ)(1)學(xué)習(xí)筆記-完型填空之前已經(jīng)給大家發(fā)送了英語(yǔ)(1)學(xué)習(xí)筆記-交際用語(yǔ)部分和語(yǔ)法與結(jié)構(gòu)部分，這次我們?cè)賹W(xué)習(xí)完形填空部分。一、內(nèi)容介紹l 完形填空部分主要考查語(yǔ)法、詞匯知識(shí)及其運(yùn)用，一般是一篇短文，10個(gè)小題，每題2分，共20分。l 從09年7月開(kāi)始，完形填空部分所給選項(xiàng)從4個(gè)改為3個(gè)，難度有所降低。二、做題技巧完型填空考查的是綜合語(yǔ)言能力，要求較高。它不同于單句填空，要求從單句理解水平提高到語(yǔ)篇的理解水平。也就是說(shuō)，做完形填空題不但要有相當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)法、詞匯知識(shí)及其運(yùn)用能力，而且要具有一定的語(yǔ)篇分析能力，良好的語(yǔ)感和邏輯思維能力以及相對(duì)廣泛的背景知識(shí)。很多人經(jīng)常在這道題上失分較多。其實(shí)做好完形

2、填空并不難，每種考試都有一定的規(guī)律可循，掌握這些規(guī)律和技巧做題就能事半功倍。答題步驟和技巧如下：1、通讀全文，掌握大意 做完形填空題，先不要忙著做下面的選擇項(xiàng)，而應(yīng)該迅速通讀全文，忽略空白，掌握文章大意、文章結(jié)構(gòu)和各部分的邏輯關(guān)系。只有通過(guò)對(duì)全文的閱讀、思索和整體觀察，才能根據(jù)上下文所提供的信息去做出推理判斷，從而選出最佳答案。一定不要讀一行填一空，要知道，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中就文章某一句而言，可能二個(gè)三個(gè)甚至四個(gè)都是可選的，而就全文而言，只有一個(gè)是最佳的?！纠縄t was one of the most _ and tiring games I've ever had. In a way,

3、I think we both won the game. A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular 【解析】就本句而言，A、B、C、D 中四個(gè)形容詞能用and 和tiring相連的有 B 、C 兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。但是根據(jù)最后一句In a way, I think we both won: I the game, 說(shuō)明"我"最后贏了比賽。所以B選項(xiàng)hopeless是不合適的。 瀏覽全文時(shí)要重點(diǎn)了解文中所敘述的人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件，即who, when, where, what.而要了解全文大意，文章開(kāi)頭第一句是全文的窗

4、口，是解題指南，我們往往可以從第一句中判斷文章的體裁，預(yù)測(cè)全文的主題思想。 2、瞻前顧后，逐句細(xì)讀 通讀完全文后，大致了解了短文大意和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，就可以開(kāi)始以句子為單位仔細(xì)進(jìn)行閱讀，逐個(gè)填空。在具體選擇中要注意以下幾點(diǎn)： （1）根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的不同詞義判斷答案 有些完形填空題考的是對(duì)不同單詞詞義的辨別能力。【例】Then Ed first phoned and _ we play. Adeclared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested 【解析】這句話講的是“Ed 打電話提議/建議（suggest）和我進(jìn)行打球比賽”。declare（申明）用詞太大；menti

5、on（提到一件事/一個(gè)人） 和persuade （說(shuō)服）在本句中用法不當(dāng)，suggest we （should）play 是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。所以答案為D。 （2） 根據(jù)社會(huì)及生活常識(shí)推斷答案 有些題要根據(jù)常識(shí)來(lái)判斷。完形填空本身考的是綜合能力，文章本身蘊(yùn)涵著各類(lèi)相關(guān)知識(shí)。如果有豐富的社會(huì)生活常識(shí)，會(huì)使文章問(wèn)題簡(jiǎn)單化，也是綜合能力的一種體現(xiàn)?！纠縃is big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family often _ about that, Ed refused to

6、buy a larger T-shirt or to lose weight. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 【解析】這一句講Ed胖的肚子像氣球一樣突了出來(lái)，根據(jù)實(shí)際生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)應(yīng)該可以判斷，家里人經(jīng)常笑話（joke）他。但他還是不去買(mǎi)寬大（larger）的襯衣來(lái)掩蓋突出的肚子；也不減肥以減小已經(jīng)很大的肚子。care about something 表示“在意，關(guān)心”，是靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞，不適合用often 來(lái)修飾。forget和本句邏輯不相符；quarrel與實(shí)際生活不相符。 （3） 根據(jù)上下文所提供的信息判斷答案 完形填空題中，有許多前面的空白處選項(xiàng)

7、取決于上下文中提供的有關(guān)信息。【例】I laughed quietly, figuring on an _ victory. A. unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early 【解析】本句中l(wèi)augh quietly（暗暗竊喜）表示自己將處于有利位置，估計(jì)自己將輕易（easy）取勝（victory）。而unforgettable（忘記不了的）和unexpected（意想不到的） 與本句邏輯不相符；early 和本句意思無(wú)關(guān)。所以答案為C。 （4）根據(jù)上下文的邏輯推理判斷答案 文章上下文的邏輯關(guān)系常常用一些連接詞來(lái)表達(dá)：有表達(dá)并列對(duì)等關(guān)系的and，a

8、s well as等；有表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but，yet，while，however等，有表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的so，therefore，as a result，because of，due to等。 【例】My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. _ , at the point in our game when I'd have predicted（預(yù)計(jì)）the score to be 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead 7 to 9-and Ed was leading A.

9、After all B. As a result C. Above all D. At last 【解析】上文講到Ed的體形發(fā)生了很大的變化，下文就要講體形變化對(duì)這場(chǎng)球賽的影響, 所以用as a result（結(jié)果是）來(lái)引出體形變化的結(jié)果。而after all （畢竟），above all（最重要的是），at last（最后，終于）都與本句意思無(wú)關(guān)。 3、認(rèn)真審讀，仔細(xì)驗(yàn)證 填空完畢之后，一道必不可少的工作就是認(rèn)真審讀，驗(yàn)證答案。一篇?dú)埲辈蝗亩涛慕?jīng)過(guò)修補(bǔ)之后，如果在意義、邏輯、聯(lián)系、搭配等方面都能順理成章，那么它就基本上恢復(fù)了本來(lái)面目了。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)不夠順暢的答案，憑語(yǔ)感重新考慮。 考試中是怎么

10、考的呢？一起來(lái)看看歷年真題：1The ancient Olympic Games _ (_16_) _ a part of a religious festival in honor _ (_17_) _ Zeus, the father of the Greek gods and goddesses. The festival and the games _ (_18_) in Olympia, a religious sanctuary。In the ancient games, athletes received prizes worth large amounts of money.

11、In fact the word “athlete” is an ancient Greek word, _ (_19_) _ “one who competes _ (_20_) _ a prize”. The marathon was not an event of the ancient Olympic Games. The marathon is a modern event that was first _ (_21_) _ in the Olympic Games in 1896. It was _ (_22_) _ a village called Marathon _ (_23

12、_) _ the Persians _ (_24_) _ by a small Greek army. The news of the victory was brought to Athens by soldier, who ran the 26 miles from the village of Marathon to the capital. 26 miles was _ (_25_) _ adopted as the distance of the modern marathon race.（ 2009年7月真題）16. A. is B. were C. was 17. A. for

13、B. after C. of 18. A. are hold B. held C. were held 19. A. meaning B. mean C. meant 20. A. of B. for C. in 21. A. introduced B. introducing C. introduce 22. A. name for B. named after C. named of 23. A. that B. which C. where 24. A. were defeated B. defeats C. defeated 25. A. because B. furthermore

14、C. therefore 答案與分析：16. B。句中主語(yǔ)Olympic Games是指奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，通?？醋鲝?fù)數(shù)，并且文章通篇都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，這里也不例外，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were。17. C。in honor of是固定詞組，表示“紀(jì)念”。18. C。句中主語(yǔ)（The festival and the games）是物，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，同時(shí)和文章主體時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，這里也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此答案為C。19. A。這里要用meaning，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾the word “athlete”，對(duì)單詞意思進(jìn)行解釋。20. B。這里用介詞for，表示目的，意思是“為獎(jiǎng)金競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。21. A。這句話主語(yǔ)是

15、“The marathon”，物體作主語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此正確答案為A，表示“引進(jìn)”。22. B。這句話意思是“馬拉松這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)根據(jù)命名”，因此用name for“提名為，任命為”。23. C。這里需要填一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞，根據(jù)句意可知修飾的是a village called Marathon，是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)所以用where，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。24. A。句中有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的標(biāo)志by，結(jié)合句意可知這里應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以正確答案為A。25. C。根據(jù)句意可知這里是表結(jié)果，因此用therefore。because表原因；furthermore表遞進(jìn)。2There are advantag

16、es and disadvantages to 16 Asian and Western educational methods. For example, one advantage 17 the education in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science 18 American students. They also study more hours each day than Americans 19 . The study is difficult, but it 20 students for

17、a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage.Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, 21 many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.The advantage to the education in North America

18、, 22 the other hand, is that students learn to think by themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values 23 ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven't memorized 24 many basic rules and facts as students in other countries 25_.（20

19、08年1月、2008年7月真題）16. A. not only B. all C. both D. only17. A. for B. to C. in D. as18. A. to B. for C. than D. in19. A. have B. studying C. does D. do20. A. provides B. gets C. prepares D. does21. A. and B. yet C. not D. just22. A. at B. to C. on D. under23. A. good B. poor C. new D. old24. A. more B

20、. less C. good D. as25. A. have B. do C. haven't D. does答案與分析：16C。這里用both和后面的to構(gòu)成詞組，表示“和”，這句話的意思是“亞洲和西方教育方法都有優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)”。17B。advantage后用介詞to，表示“的優(yōu)點(diǎn)”；前一句中也有同樣用法。18C。句中“much more”通常用于比較級(jí)，表示“多得多”，由此可知這里要用than。19D。這句話的意思是“他們每天學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間也比美國(guó)學(xué)生多”，為了避免重復(fù)，這里省略“study each day”，只用助動(dòng)詞代替。句中使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且Americans是復(fù)數(shù)，因此用

21、do。20C。prepare.for.意思是“為某人準(zhǔn)備某物”。這句話的意思是“學(xué)習(xí)很難，但學(xué)生們由此了解到社會(huì)注重紀(jì)律和自我控制”。21B。這句與前一句意思有轉(zhuǎn)折，因此用yet。22C。on the other hand是固定詞組，表示“另一方面”。23C。這句話是和之前的“教育系統(tǒng)”作比較，由此可以推斷這里是說(shuō)“有新的理念”，正確答案為C。24D。as many.as表示“和一樣多”，表示同級(jí)比較。25A。這也是省略用法。根據(jù)句中時(shí)態(tài)以及students可知應(yīng)該用助動(dòng)詞have。3Peter Blake is a successful businessman, but he (16) _

22、to be very poor. He had nowhere to live and (17) _ working in a pub when he (18) _ to start his own business. Peter had always (19) _ interested in plants and flowers, (20) _ he decided to set up a company (21) _ cared for the plants in big offices. At first he worked on his (22) _ but soon he took

23、(23) _ two people to help him. The company has been growing (24) _ for the last ten years. Peter is now very rich, (25) _ he complains that now he doesnt work with plants but with a computer every day! （2007年7月、2009年1月真題）16. A. would B. was C. used D. use17. A. did B. was C. been D. has been18. A. h

24、ad decided B. decided C. was deciding D. had decided19. A. was B. had C. being D. been20. A. so B. but C. since D. although21. A. who B. which C. whose D. 22. A. own B. self C. one D. himself23. A. up B. over C. on D. in24. A. B. up C. over D. into25. A. therefore B. so C. but D. moreover答案與分析：16Cus

25、e to意思是“曾經(jīng)”，這里用一般過(guò)去時(shí)used。 17B強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間的情況，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)he是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，因此用was，B是正確答案。 18B主語(yǔ)用了過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句通常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此這里用decided。 19Dbe interested in表示“對(duì)感興趣”，這句話用的是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，因此這里填been。 20A這句話和前一句的因果關(guān)系，因此用連詞so。but表轉(zhuǎn)折；since表原因或時(shí)間；although表讓步。21B這里要填的是關(guān)系代詞，指代的是the company，并且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此用which。who指人，在從句中作主語(yǔ)；whose指人，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。 2

26、2Aon ones own意思是“獨(dú)自”。 23C這里指雇用，用take on。take up“從事”；take over“接管”；take in“接受”。 24A這里的grow做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不需要加賓語(yǔ)或介詞，句子意思是“這個(gè)公司近十年來(lái)持續(xù)發(fā)展”。 25C根據(jù)句意可知這里應(yīng)該用表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，因此用but。句子意思是“皮特現(xiàn)在富了，但是他抱怨說(shuō)現(xiàn)在每天都要和電腦而不是植物一起工作”。therefore表結(jié)果；so也表結(jié)果；moreover表遞進(jìn)。4A study (16) _ that fitness is the key (17) _ long life, irrespective o

27、f body shape or even smoking habits. Researcher discovered that people (18) _ exercise live longer than those who do not, (19) _ they are overweight and smoke.The study found that the least fit of the 6000 middle-aged men in the study were five times (20) _ to die within six years of the start of th

28、e research than the fittest. This was true whether or not the men had heart problems, smoked, or (21) _ overweight. Scientists concluded that it was better to be fat and active than skinny and sedentary. Dr Ken Cooper, a fitness expert, said, “You are better off smoking a packet of cigarettes a day

29、and (22) _ regularly than being non-smoker and sedentary.” Although he adds, “But dont misunderstand me. I am not endorsing smoking. I am trying to tell you how dangerous it is to be sedentary.”(23) _, the study appears to fly in the face of research last year which concluded that more than 30000 pe

30、ople die prematurely every year in Britain from illness caused by being overweight.The Britain Government is putting pressure on manufacturers (24) _ high levels of sugar in food and to restrict the hard-sell of junk food to children in order to improve the nations health. But the new study suggests

31、 the Government (25) _ more people to exercise. （2007年1月真題）16. A. showing B. show C. has shown D. had shown17. A. to B. for C. of D. in18. A.-(不填) B. which C. whom D. who19. A. if B. unless C. even if D. because20. A. like B. likely C. less likely D. more likely21. A. was B. were C. is D. are22. A. to exercise B. exercising C. exercise D. exercised23. A. However B. So C. Although D. Furthermore24. A. reduce B. reducing C. to reduce D. reduced25. A. encouraged B. encouraging C. to encourag