江蘇省2012屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Module5 Unit 2　The environment精品學(xué)案 牛津譯林版

1、Unit 2The environment重點(diǎn)單詞【1】 lay vt. (laid, laid) 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋；放置，擺設(shè)，擱She laid the baby down gently on the bed.她把嬰兒輕輕地放在床上。The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nests.杜鵑在其他鳥的巢中產(chǎn)蛋。lie lay lain lying vi. 躺，位于，在于lie lied lied lying vi. 說(shuō)謊lay laid laid laying vt. 放，擱，產(chǎn)卵，下蛋l(fā)ay the table 擺桌子lay hopes on 寄

2、希望于lay down 放下lay off 解雇layto 歸(罪)于lay emphasis on 把重點(diǎn)放在上面layer n. 層，表層；層次，階層_ on the grassland, we could feel the cool air blowing and watch the stars glittering in the sky._ cannot cover up facts.Why don't you _ the problem aside？The little girl _ on the grass _ that she had _ the book on the

3、table.These hens began to _ eggs in early spring.The boy _ his failure in exam to his lack of experience.LyingLieslaylying; lied; laidlaylaid【2】 concern n. 關(guān)心，關(guān)系，憂慮 v. 與相關(guān)，涉及，使關(guān)心；掛念There is a public concern about corruption.公眾對(duì)于腐敗很關(guān)心。Don't interfere in what doesn't concern you.不要干涉/影響與你無(wú)關(guān)的事。

4、concerned adj. 擔(dān)心的，憂慮的，煩惱的be concerned about/for/over 為擔(dān)心/憂慮/ 煩惱We are all concerned about/for/over your safety.我們都很為你的安全擔(dān)心。concerning prep. 關(guān)于We have a person who will be in charge of letters concerning public complaints.我們有專人負(fù)責(zé)處理關(guān)于公眾投訴的信件。be concerned with(一般是某人充當(dāng)主語(yǔ))與相關(guān)；涉及be concerned to do 認(rèn)為做某事重

5、要She was concerned to write about situations that everybody could identify with.她認(rèn)為有必要寫出讓大家都能看得清楚的事態(tài)的本來(lái)面目。concerned adj. 擔(dān)心的，關(guān)注的as far as I'm concerned 在我看來(lái)He is now having a hard time, _ about the problem _ the public transportation of the city.A. concerning; concerningB. concerned; concerningC

6、. concerned; concernedD. concerning; concerned_， you can stay the whole summer.A. Whoever it concernedB. As far as I'm concernedC. As you are concernedD. Concerning you and meB第一空是形容詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)，第二空為介詞“關(guān)于”。B【3】辨析debate, argue, discuss(1)debate強(qiáng)調(diào)正式的、公開的辯論，目的在于說(shuō)服對(duì)方。后接名詞或連接詞引導(dǎo)的不定式短語(yǔ)，不接that從句；That subj

7、ect was hotly debated among them.他們就那個(gè)話題進(jìn)行熱烈地辯論。(2)argue強(qiáng)調(diào)就自己的看法、立場(chǎng)，條理清楚地提出贊成或反對(duì)某事的理由，以說(shuō)服他人。后接名詞或that從句，不可接what，when，whether等引導(dǎo)的從句和不定式；Xiao Wang argued with the teacher that he did nothing wrong.小王與老師爭(zhēng)辯說(shuō)他沒(méi)做錯(cuò)什么。(3)discuss 強(qiáng)調(diào)交換意見(jiàn)，進(jìn)行討論，不含有意說(shuō)服對(duì)方的意思。后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式短語(yǔ)或what，when，whether引導(dǎo)的從句，但不接that從句。If you

8、would like to discuss the matter further, please call me.如果你想進(jìn)一步討論那個(gè)問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)打電話給我?！?】 in addition 另外，而且，用來(lái)表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。in addition to除了外。這是一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，其后要接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。He can't go out with you because he is busy with his homework. In addition, the weather is bad.他不能和你外出。因?yàn)樗诿τ谧鲎鳂I(yè)，而且天氣不好。In addition to these

9、arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.除了這些安排以外，另增救護(hù)車值班至午夜。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞還有：besides, what's more, moreover, still more, what's better/worse, to make things better/worse等。_ giving a general introduction to computer, the course also provides practical experience.A. In addition

10、 B. DespiteC. In addition to D. In spite of用in addition to/in addition填空It is said that the animals eat, _ leaves, a great deal of fruit.The teacher answered my questions and gave me some advice _.Do you think I should get a good guidebook?Yes, of course. _， you also need a good camera and comfortab

11、le shoes._ John and Kate, their father and mother are coming to visit us the next day.C這里為介詞短語(yǔ)，表示“除了”，而B、D項(xiàng)是表示“不顧”。in addition toin additionIn additionIn addition to【2】 cut back on 削減，縮減，相當(dāng)于cut down on。Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.要盡量少吃脂肪和糖分含量過(guò)高的食品。cut across 走捷徑cut awa

12、y 切除，剪掉cut in 插嘴，干預(yù)cut off 切斷，停掉cut down 削減，砍倒cut up 切碎cut out 裁剪出；切掉cut short 使停止，中斷The electricity was _ because of the heavy storm.They should plant more trees if they want to _ trees for wood.To make the dish, you should first _ the vegetables.He _ an article about Liu Xiang from the newspaper.T

13、he moment I began to speak, he _.They have already _ production by 20%.cut offcut downcut upcut outcut incut back on【3】 seeas “將視為”，其被動(dòng)形式為 be seen asAfter his first novel was published, he was seen as one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation.在他的第一部小說(shuō)出版后不久，他就被視為他這一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。常見(jiàn)的表示“把

14、當(dāng)成/看成”的短語(yǔ)有：regardas， consideras / to be， think / believe/ supposeas， takeas， haveas， recognizeas等。_ as one of the best sellers, the book will be published for a third time.A. To see B. SeeingC. Seen D. To be seenC過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)，與邏輯主語(yǔ)the book之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系?！?】 keepin mind 記住Students should keep it in mind tha

15、t they must study hard.學(xué)生們應(yīng)該記住必須要努力學(xué)習(xí)。keep in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系keep fit keep healthy 保持健康keep off 避免吃某物，回避話題keep on 繼續(xù)；保持keep out 關(guān)在門外；不準(zhǔn)入內(nèi)keep out of 躲開；置身于之外keep to 不偏離道路，不跑題，堅(jiān)守keep up 天氣持續(xù)不變，跟上keep up with 跟上；不落后；趕上make up one's mind 作出決定never mind不要緊have no mind to do sth. 不想做某事have sth. on o

16、ne's mind把某事掛在心上，擔(dān)心某事absence of mind心不在焉read sb.'s mind/thoughts 知道某人在想些什么put/set one's mind to 全神貫注于，專心于off sb.'s mind被某人忘懷，被某人拋在腦后lose one's mind 發(fā)狂，精神錯(cuò)亂if you don't mind 要是你不反對(duì)；要是你不介意；如果你不當(dāng)心Great minds think alike.諺 英雄所見(jiàn)略同。處理緊急情況時(shí)要牢記最重要的事情是要保持鎮(zhèn)靜。_別讓孩子曬著。_我盡量不吃高脂肪食物。_The mo

17、st important thing to keep in mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.Keep the baby out of the sun.I'm trying to keep off fatty foods.【5】 hide from one's responsibility to躲避某人對(duì)的責(zé)任responsibility n. 責(zé)任，責(zé)任感take responsibility for承擔(dān)對(duì)的責(zé)任Children should be taught to take their responsi

18、bilities to the society, not hide from them.應(yīng)該教育孩子去承擔(dān)他們對(duì)社會(huì)的責(zé)任，而不是逃避責(zé)任。responsible adj. 負(fù)責(zé)任的be responsible for對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)Who will be responsible for the accident?誰(shuí)將對(duì)此事故負(fù)責(zé)？response n. 回答respond v回答He feels as if he alone _ what had happened.A. is responsible toB. should be responsible toC. be responsible forD

19、. were responsible forDas if后的從句可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用were形式。 【1】 Then we will open the floor for discussion.之后我們將展開自由討論。句中the floor為“發(fā)言權(quán)”，open the floor 進(jìn)行/開始自由發(fā)言。be given/get/have the floor 有發(fā)言權(quán)hold the floor 發(fā)言，長(zhǎng)篇大論的發(fā)言(尤指使他人無(wú)法發(fā)言)After an hour's formal debate, the chair opened the floor and mad

20、e a final discussion.經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)小時(shí)的正式辯論之后，主席發(fā)了言并作出了最終的裁決。After they had each said a few words, Professor White took the floor.他們各自說(shuō)了幾句話后，懷特教授開始發(fā)言?！?】 The world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.目前的世界人口與1800年相比已經(jīng)增長(zhǎng)到當(dāng)時(shí)的6倍多。population n. 人口，人口數(shù)；人，居民(集合名詞)population 表示“人口”時(shí)是

21、不可數(shù)名詞；表示“(某一地區(qū)的)全體居民”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.中國(guó)人口比日本人口多得多。About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness.整個(gè)村莊約30%的人口受到這種病的侵襲。(1)表示“人口多/少”： a large/small population；問(wèn)一個(gè)地方的人口數(shù)：What is the population of表示一個(gè)地方擁有多少人口：have/with a

22、population of(2)表示“增長(zhǎng)”、“減少”的一些表達(dá)方式：表示增長(zhǎng)到：grow to, increase to, rise to, climb to；表示以(程度/比例/比率)增長(zhǎng)：grow/increase/rise/climb by表示減少到：fall/drop/decrease to表示以(程度/比例/比率)減少：fall/drop/decrease by This is a beautiful village with a _ population of 300, and only 15% of them _ to develop the village into a to

23、urist resort.A. little; agrees B. little; agreeC. small; agree D. small; agreesIt is quite amazing that the income of the people in the city has _ 60% in the last two years.A. increased B. risen byC. decreased by D. grown toC第一空表示“人口少”，用small；第二空用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)，是因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)population在這里表示“村民”、“居民”。B根據(jù)后面的百分比可知用介詞by,

24、又根據(jù)其前面的amazing及全句的意思可知是“增長(zhǎng)”了60%?！?】 But I do agree that recycling may be the key to helping both sides.但有一點(diǎn)我非常贊同：循環(huán)利用或許是對(duì)兩者都有利的解決辦法。key “答案，解決辦法”。句中的to為介詞，其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。In my opinion, the key to solving the problem is to cooperate rather than argue.依我的觀點(diǎn)，解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的辦法就是合作，而不是爭(zhēng)論。如何寫好名詞性從句掌握了寫好簡(jiǎn)單句的基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)

25、，要寫好名詞性從句就很容易了。什么樣的名詞性從句就應(yīng)該置于什么位置。但是使用名詞性從句主要應(yīng)注意其引導(dǎo)詞的用法與區(qū)別、何時(shí)用it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)來(lái)代替真正的主語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句等。(1) He told a lie to everyone. It is wrong. (合并成一個(gè)復(fù)合句)That he told a lie to everyone is wrong.(2) That he told a lie to everyone is wrong. I think(合并成復(fù)合句)I think that he told a lie to everyone is wrong. 若賓語(yǔ)從句后

26、還有補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，要用 it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把賓語(yǔ)從句放在句尾。根據(jù)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式，如果主語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句太長(zhǎng)，可用it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)置于后面，則得出該句最標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的語(yǔ)表達(dá)句式：I think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone.(3) Something was going on in the art. They were interested in it.(合并成一個(gè)復(fù)合句)兩句合并成一個(gè)句子，首先語(yǔ)義上要符合邏輯，這樣可以確定主從句；再根據(jù)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)及連詞的用法表述句子，得出該句為：They were interested in what was going on in the art. (賓語(yǔ)從句)或?yàn)椋篢hey were interested in something that was going on in the art.