高中英語主謂一致講解及練習

1、高中英語主謂一致（一）主謂一致的應用1名詞作主語1）某些集體名詞，如family, team等作主語時，如果作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，如果就其中一個個成員而言，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：His family is a happy one.The whole family are watching TV.這類名詞有：audience ，class ，club ，company，crew ，enemy ，crowd ，government，group ， party ， public ， team 等。2）某些集體名詞，如people, police, cattle等，只當復數(shù)看待，謂語

2、動詞必須用復數(shù)。如：The police are searching for the thief.4）當名詞詞組中心詞為表示度量、距離、金額、時間、書名等復數(shù)名詞時，往往可以根據(jù)意義一致的原則，把這些復數(shù)名詞看作一個整體，謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：Three years has passed since then.5）不定代詞each, every, no所修飾的名詞即使以and 或逗號連接成多主語時，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.6）如果主語有 more than one 很多 非常 或 many a 許

3、多 , 構成， 盡管從意義上看是復數(shù)內容，但它的謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：More than one student has read the book.Many a girl has been there.7）一些有兩個部分構成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語時，謂語動詞通常用復數(shù)形式，例如：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主語用“ a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名詞”構成時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。如：A pair of shoes was on

4、 the desk.8） this kind of men的謂語動詞用單數(shù)，men of this kind的謂語動詞用復數(shù)，allkinds of后跟復數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：This kind of men is dangerous.Men of this kind are dangerous.9）復數(shù)形式的單、復數(shù)同形名詞作主語時，按意義一致原則，作用單數(shù)意義時，謂語用單數(shù)，反之， 謂語用復數(shù)。這類名詞有：means（方法）， works （工廠）， species（種類）， Chinese ， Japanese等。如：The (This) glass works was set

5、 up in 1980. (這家玻璃廠建于1980 年。 )The （ These ） glass works are near the railway station.（這些玻璃廠在火車站附近。）10 ） all ， most, half, rest of 看 of 后面的詞，所指的復數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；反之，用單數(shù)。如：1All of my classmates like music.All of the water is gone.11) 在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語動詞的數(shù)應與其后的主語一致。如：Between the two windows hangs a picture.2由連

6、接詞連接的名詞作主語1）用and 或 bothand 連接并列主語，謂語動詞通常用復數(shù)形式。如：Plastics and rubber never rot.Walking and riding are good exercises.2）當主語后面跟有as wellas, as muchas, no less than,alongwith,with,like,rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)由引導詞前面的主語而定。如：The teacher a

7、s well as the students was reading in the library.）以or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等連接的名詞（代詞）作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)應根據(jù)就近一致的原則。如：Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.Either you or he is to go.3代詞作主語1）關系代詞who, that, which等在定語從句中作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)應與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。如：Those who want to go please put up your

8、 hands.Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.2）疑問代詞 who, what, which 作主語時，謂語動詞可根據(jù)說話人所要表達的意思決定單、復數(shù)。如：Who lives next door ? It is Xiao Liu.Who live next door ? It is Zhang and Liu.What produce(s) heat ?4分數(shù)、量詞作主語1） “分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞 ”構成的短語以及由“ alotof,lotsofplentyof,a largequantity of, half

9、 of +名詞 ”構成的短語作主語時，其謂語動詞要與短語中of 后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致，這是因為短語中后面的名詞是中心詞，而短語中前面的量詞是修飾語，例如：Lots of damage was caused by fire.About three-f ourths of the earth s surface is covered with water. Three -fifths of the workers here are women.和這種情況類似的還有“ a number of+ 名詞復數(shù)”謂語用復數(shù)譯為大量，許多，thenumber of中心詞是number, 謂語用單數(shù)，譯為,

10、的數(shù)量A number of students have gone home.The number of pages in this book is two hundred.注意： (large)quantities of,不可數(shù)名詞，其短語作主語時，謂語動詞一般用復數(shù)，例如：2Quantities of food(nuts) were on the table.短語in quantity, in large quantities意為 “大量 ”； in small quantities意為 “少量 ”。2） a great deal of , a large amount of修飾不可數(shù)名詞

11、，其短語作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)； large amounts of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，其短語作主語時，謂語動詞通常用復數(shù)，例如：A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.3）表示數(shù)量的one and a half后，名詞要用復數(shù)形式，但是其短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.5名詞化的形容詞作主語如果主語由

12、“ the+形容詞（或過去分詞）”結構擔任時，謂語通常用復數(shù)，這類詞有： the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, thedeaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed等；The blind study in special schools.The poor live in a undeveleped country6從句作主語1）由what 引導的主語從句，謂語動詞所指的具體內容

13、是復數(shù)意義時，謂語動詞一般用復數(shù)形式，反之，單數(shù)。例如：What we need is more time.What we need are doctors.31.Three _ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.A. hundreds peopleB. hundred peopleC. hundreds peoplesD. hundred peoples2. Either youorthepresident_the prizesto these giftedmeeting.A. is handing outB. are to h

14、and outC. are handing outD. is to hand out3. I, who _ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.A. amB. isC. areD. be4. The OlympicGames in theyear 2008_ inBeijing of China,known to us all.A. is to hold; isB. is to be held; wasC. are to hold; isD. are to be held; is5. There _ a

15、lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _ up.A. were; itB. are; themC. was; itD. is; them6. Three million tons of coal _ every year in the city.A. is exploitedB. are exploitedC. had exploitedD. have exploited7. Stories of the Long March_ popular with the young people now.A. isB. wasC. a

16、reD. were8. Mathematics _ the language of science.A. areB. are going to beC. isD. is to be9. Both rice and wheat _ grown in our country.A. isB. areC. wasD. were10. _ either of your parents come to see you recently?A. HaveB. HadC. HasD. Is11. What the children in the mountain village need _ good book

17、s.A. isB. areC. haveD. has12. The whole family _ TV attentively.A. are watchingB. is watchingC. is seeingD. are seeing13. Nothingbut severalglasses _bought by my fatheryesterday.A. wasB. wereC. have beenD. would be14. At the bus stop _ a soldier and two young people on their way to the village.winne

18、rsat thewhich_thedaybefore4A. wereB. wasC. isD. sits15.If law and order _, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.A. are not preservedB. is not preservedC. were preservedD. have not been preserved16.There _ little change in that middle school.A. haveB. hadC. have beenD. has been17.What such a su

19、nset is _ strange to us all.A. going to beB . /C. isD. that18.Seventy-five percent of the earths surface _ with water.A. is coveredB. is coveringC. were coveredD. are covered19.The following _ some other mental diseases.A. beingB. areC. wasD. were20.Not only you but also I _ able to help him out.A.

20、areB. isC. amD. were21.“ The Kites” _ us a story of the kiteshistory.A. have toldB. tellsC. were toldD. was told22.You and I _ twin sisters.A. wereB. areC. isD. am23.A teacherof Englishand class teacher _ us somethingabout volunteerworkers.A. are tellingB. is tellingC. are givenD. were given24.Thous

21、ands of tons of rubbish _ over a large period of time.A. rots awayB. rot awayC. has rotted awayD. are rotted away25.Mayor as well as volunteer workers _ the newly-built stadium.A. is cleaningB. are cleaningC. were cleaningD. have cleaned26.Many a student _ something about Abraham Lincoln.A. have kno

22、wnB. knowsC. is knownD. are known27.The defence works _ built long ago to keep the enemy away.A. wereB. has beenC. had beenD. was28.“ Have you all studied the passage Using the Mind against Disease？”“ _ . ”A. Nobody of us hasB. Nobody of us haveC. None of us hasD. None of us did529. A group of Itali

23、an soldiers _ quickly towards their position.A. were advancingB. were advancedC. was advancingD. advancing30. Everyone, men and women, old and young _ sports and games.A. is enjoyB. were enjoyingC. enjoysD. enjoy1.解析：選B. hundred一詞前面有具體數(shù)詞修飾時不加-s2. 解析：選 D. 當 either , or 連接兩個并列主語時，句子的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上和后一個主語保持

24、一致?！?be+ 不定式”表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作。3. 解析：選A. who為引導定語從句的關系代詞，其先行詞是I ,所以謂語動詞要用am.4. 解析：選 D. 主語 the Olympic Games 意為：奧運會，謂語動詞要用非第三人稱單數(shù)形式；后半部分為which 引導的非限制情定語從句，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。5.解析：選C. there be句型中be 動詞的單復數(shù)取決于其后的主語，a lot of rubbish(不可數(shù)名詞) ，因此后面謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。6. 解析：選 A. 主語為 coal, 是不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)題意，此處要用被動語態(tài)。7. 解析：選A.主語Stories

25、 of the Long March是書名，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。8. 解析：選 C. 此處 mathematics 為學科名詞，作主語時謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。9. 解析：選B. both-and- 連接兩個并列主語時，句子的謂語動詞要用非第三人稱單數(shù)形式。10. 解析：選C. either是主語部分的中心詞，助動詞要與either 要數(shù)上保持一致。11.解析：選B. what引導的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞要根據(jù)后面的名詞的數(shù)來決定，此處要用非第三人稱單數(shù)形式。12. 解析：選 A. 此處指：家里的各個成員，所以謂語動詞要用非第三人稱單數(shù)形式。13. 解析：選 A. 此處 n

26、othing 句子的主語，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。14.解析：選A.此句為倒裝句，句子的主語是a soldier and two young people.15. 解析：選 B. 此處主語 law and order 指的是同一個概念，所以謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式 .16.解析：選D.此處there be結構中的主語little change是不可數(shù)名詞。17. 解析：選 C. 本句是主語從句，缺謂語，所以要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。18. 解析：選 A. 本句缺謂語，主語 percent 后面是不可數(shù)名詞，所以要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。19. 解析：選 B. 本句的表語是復數(shù)形式，所以謂語動

27、詞要用非第三人稱單數(shù)形。20. 解析：選C.根據(jù)就近一致性原則，謂語用am.21. 解析：選 B. 本句的主語是書名，從整體考慮，謂語是第三人稱單數(shù)形。22.解析：選B.用 and 連接兩個并列主語時，謂語用非第三人稱單數(shù)形.23. 解析：選B.本句主語是同一個人，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。624. 解析：選 B. 本句主語是 tons, 是復數(shù)形式， rot 是不及物動詞，不可用被動形式。25. 解析：選 A. 本句主語 Mayor 是單數(shù)形式，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。26. 解析：選 B. 主語 many a student 意思是復數(shù)，形式是單數(shù)。謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形。27. 解析：

28、選 D. 主語 works 是集合名詞，當成整體考慮，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形。 Long ago 表示過去 .28. 解析：選 C. 因為問句是完成時態(tài)，答句要用完成時態(tài)回答，另外主語不可用nobody of us.29. 解析：選A.主語a group of在本句中表示具體每個人。30. 解析：選 C. 本句主語是不定代詞 everyone ，為單數(shù)主語，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形。練習：主謂一致1.I,who_ yourfriend,willtrymy besttohelpyou withyourEnglish.A.amB.isC.areD.be2. The rich _ not al

29、ways happy.A.areB.isC.hasD.have3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students.A.areB.amC.isD.was4. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.A. are studyingB. have studiedC.studiesD. study5. Neither my father nor I _ at home.A.amB.is C.are D.be6. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting.

30、 Both of us _good painters.,7A.are;areB.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is7. Every' boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.A.wishB.wishesC.islikeD.like8. Over 80 percent of the population of China _ peasants.A.wasB.isC.would beD.are9. The population of China _ larger than that of .any other count

31、ry in the world.A.isB.areC.hasD.have10. Every means _ tried but without any result.A. have beenB.is to beC.are tobeD. has been11. Alice, together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule.A. was punishedB. punishedC. werepunishedD. being punished12.The League secretaryand themonitor_askedtoattendth

32、e.meetingthis afternoon.A.isB.wasC.areD.is being13. The great writer and professor_.A. is an old manB. areboth old menC. is an old man and a young manD. were two Chinese14. There _ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.8A.areB.isC.hasD.have15. A large number of students in our class_ girls.

33、A. areB. wasC.isD. be16.The numberofdeer,mountainlionsand wildroses_ much ifpeopleleave things as they are.A. doesn' t changeB.don'tchangeC.changeD.changed17. The Arabian Nights _ well known to the English.A. isB. areC.wasD. were18. Chairman Mao' s works _ published.A. has beenB.havebeen

34、C.wasD.is19. A chemical works_ built there.A. is to beingB.have beenC. weretoD.has been20. The Olympic Games _ held every _ years.A.is;fourB.are;fourC.is;fiveD.are;five21 .The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world.A.isB.areC.wasD.were922.He is the only one of die

35、students who _ elected.A.areB.haveC.hasD.is23.Theis is one of the most interesting questions that _ asked.A.haveB.hasC. havebeenD.has been24.Many a man _ come to help us.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are25."All_ present and all_ going on well," our monitor said.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.is;are26. The p

36、olice _ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching forB. weresearching forC. are searching forD. weresearching27.Your trousers_ dirty.You must have_ washed.A.is;ilB.are;itC.are;themD.is;them28.This pair of trouseis _ too long for him.10A.isB.beC.areD.were29. One a

37、nd a half bananas _ left on the table.A.isB.areC.hasD.have30. Eight times eight _ sixty - four.A.isB.areC.getD.equal31 .Ten minutes_ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.A.seemsB.seemC.seemedD.seemes32._of the money_ nm out.A. Three-fifth; hasB.Three-fifth; has beenC. Three-fifths; hasD.Thre

38、e-fifths; have33. The whole class _ the teacher attentively.A. are listeningtoB.islistening toC.are listeningD.is listening34.1 have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which_ more difficult.11A.isB.areC.wasD.were35. Between the two rows of trees _ the teaching building.A.standB.standsC.s

39、tandingD.are36. Large quantities of water _ for irrigation.A. is neededB. has -neededC. areneededD. need37. That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all.A.isB.wasC.areD.all38.What we need_ good textbooks.A.isB.areC.haveD.has39. What you said just now_ the matter we are discussing.A.ha

40、ve something to atB. hassomething to do withC.had something to do withD.has beensomething to do with40. More than one member _ against the plan.A.isB.areC.hasD.have1241.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. has not decidedB.is not decidedC. are not decidedD.have not decided42.Half of the fruit _ bad.A. areB. hasC.isD. have43._ either of your parents come to see you recently?A. HaveB. HadC. HasD. Is44.Mathematics _ the language of science.A. areB. are going to beC. isD. is to be45.My family _ small.A. isB. wereC. areD.