202X_202X學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary課件外研版必修3

1、-1-Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are celebrated in Chinese culture for their historical significance and serve as symbols of Chinese advanced science and technology.The four inventions are: the compass,gunpowder,pape

2、rmaking,and printing.PapermakingBefore the invention of paper,bones,tortoise shells and bamboo slips were used as writing surfaces,but as Chinese civilization developed they proved unsuitable because of their bulk1 and weight.In 105 A.D.Cai Lun,during the Eastern Han Dynasty,invented paper from worn

3、 fishnet,bark and cloth.Later,the technique of papermaking was introduced to other parts of the world,such as Korea,Japan and Europe.晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)PrintingInspired by engraved name seals,Chinese people invented fixed-type engraved printing around 600 A.D.During the reign of Emperor Ren Zong of the Nor

4、thern Song Dynasty,Bi Sheng invented moveable reusable clay types after numerous tests.Single types were made and picked out for printing certain books.These types could be used again and again for different books.CompassDuring the Warring States period,a device called Si Nan became the forerunner o

5、f the compass.Si Nan was a ladle-like magnet on a plate with the handle of the ladle pointing south.In the 11th century,tiny needles made of magnetized steel were invented.One end of the needle points north while the other points south.The compass was created.晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)GunpowderIn Chinese,gunpowde

6、r is called “huoyao”,meaning “flaming medicine”.Unlike paper and printing,the birth of gunpowder was quite accidental.It was first invented inadvertently2 by alchemists while attempting to make an elixir of immotality.It was a mixture of sulphur,saltpeter and charcoal.In the 12th and 13th centuries,

7、gunpowder was spread to Arab countries,then Greece,other European countries,and finally all over the world.晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)譯文中國(guó)四大發(fā)明因其歷史上的重大意義而在中國(guó)文化中備受歌頌,并成為中國(guó)古代先進(jìn)科技的象征。四大發(fā)明是指南針、火藥、造紙術(shù)和印刷術(shù)。造紙術(shù)在紙被發(fā)明之前,人們?cè)诠穷^、龜殼和竹片上面寫字。隨著中國(guó)的文明進(jìn)步,人們不再滿足于這些大而笨重的書寫材料。到公元105年,東漢的蔡倫,用舊漁網(wǎng)、樹皮和布片來(lái)造紙。之后,造紙術(shù)被傳播到世界其他地區(qū),例如韓國(guó)、日本、歐洲。印刷術(shù)受

8、到雕刻印章的啟示,大概在公元600年,中國(guó)人發(fā)明了印刷術(shù)。在宋仁宗皇帝統(tǒng)治的北宋年間,畢昇在無(wú)數(shù)次實(shí)踐后發(fā)明了可移動(dòng)并可重復(fù)使用的用膠泥制作而成的活字。每種活字都可以根據(jù)所印內(nèi)容排好順序做出印版來(lái)印刷各種不同的書。晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)指南針戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期,一種叫“司南”的小裝置成為了后來(lái)指南針的前身。司南是一種把長(zhǎng)柄湯勺似的磁鐵放在一個(gè)光滑的盤子上而形成的小裝置,利用磁鐵指南的作用,辨別方向。在11世紀(jì),人們能夠制作微型磁鐵針了。用細(xì)小的磁鐵針做成的裝置指針的一端指向北方,另一端指向南方。此時(shí),真正意義上的羅盤被制造出來(lái)了?；鹚幱脻h語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō),火藥讀作“huoyao”,意思是“燃燒的藥品”。與造紙術(shù)

9、和印刷術(shù)不同,火藥的發(fā)明是偶然的。煉丹師在嘗試煉制長(zhǎng)生不老藥時(shí),無(wú)意間發(fā)明了火藥。火藥是硫磺、硝石和木炭的混合物。12至13世紀(jì),火藥被傳到阿拉伯國(guó)家、希臘以及歐洲其他國(guó)家,最后傳遍世界。晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)詞海拾貝1.bulk /blk/ n.體積,容量;大多數(shù),大部分;大塊2.inadvertently /Indvt()ntli/ adv.非故意地,無(wú)心地理解誘思Do you know the “modern four great inventions” in China now?Please list them.答案:The answer is open.-8-Section Int

10、roduction,Reading and Vocabulary晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)一二三四一、寫作詞匯語(yǔ)境考查:預(yù)習(xí)Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary 部分的詞匯,完成下列小對(duì)話或語(yǔ)句。1.I prefer Chinese to maths;I like physics least.But they are (同等) important.2.We have been treated with such (善良)by everybody.3.Now she works as manager of the company.In fact,she has h

11、eld the (職位) for years.4.As a (思想家),she (強(qiáng)調(diào)的重要性) love,because she was (撫養(yǎng)) by her loving grandparents.equally kindnesspositionthinkerstresses the importance ofbrought up晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)一二三四二、閱讀詞匯預(yù)習(xí)Reading and Vocabulary部分的詞匯,完成下面的小短文。寫出畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)意思。The philosopher 1. requests people to act on principles 2.

12、As an influential 3._ adviser,although he has resigned 4. from the company,his teaching of justice 5. is still respected.哲學(xué)家 原則有影響的辭職公正;公平晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)一二三四三、閱讀“Philosophers of Ancient China”,完成下列各題1.What is the similarity of Confucius and Mozi?A.They lived in the same period of time.B.They held the s

13、ame view that the government was most important.C.They had the same idea of kindness.D.They were born poor.2.What is the difference between Confucius and Mencius?A.Their teachings.B.They thought man is good.C.Their ideas.D.The ideas about rulers and people.答案:B答案:D晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)一二三四3. believed that al

14、l men were equal.A.MoziB.ConfuciusC.MenciusD.Philosophers答案:A 晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)一二三四四、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空Mencius was a thinker 1. teachings were very similar to 2. of Confucius.Mencius was born in 372 BC.His father died when he was young,and he was brought 3. by his mother.He became a student of Confuciuss ideas,and

15、 was then given an important 4. in the government of a state.However,when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice,he 5. .For many years he 6. from state to state,teaching the 7._ of Confucius.He then became an adviser to another ruler.He spent his last years 8. a book called The Book of M

16、encius.Mencius believed that the reason 9. man is different from animals is that man is good.He believed that people were more important than rulers,and hated the state when it 10. people badly.whose thoseuppositionresignedtravelledprinciplespreparingwhytreated晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123All human beings are equ

17、al.(教材Page 41)所有人都是平等的?？键c(diǎn)equal adj. 平等的【高考典句】(2017天津)It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers,he says.他說(shuō):“它將完全無(wú)人駕駛的汽車放在同人類駕駛的汽車同等的合法地位。”考點(diǎn)延伸(1)閱讀下列句子,體會(huì)黑體詞的詞性及含義When it comes to the art of war,ants have no equal.在戰(zhàn)術(shù)方面誰(shuí)也比不上螞蟻。詞性 名詞含義 同等的人/物晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123No one can

18、 equal John in the achievement.在成績(jī)方面沒(méi)人比得過(guò)約翰。詞性 動(dòng)詞含義 比得過(guò)All these techniques are equally effective.所有這些方法都同等有效。詞性 副詞含義 同等地I do believe in equality of opportunity.我確實(shí)相信機(jī)會(huì)均等。詞性 名詞含義 平等;均等晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123(2)閱讀下列句子,體會(huì)equal的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)及含義He is equal to doing this task.他能勝任這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。短語(yǔ) be equal to含義 勝任 He is a player w

19、ithout equal.他是個(gè)無(wú)與倫比的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。短語(yǔ) without equal含義 無(wú)與倫比 He equals me in strength but not in intelligence.他和我力氣相等,但智力不同。短語(yǔ) equal sb.in含義 在比得上 晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123The young man should receive an income equal to the value of the goods he produced.But the boss didnt think he was equal to his post,so he didnt treat

20、him as equally as others.這個(gè)年輕人應(yīng)該得到與他所創(chuàng)造的物質(zhì)價(jià)值對(duì)等的收入。但是老板認(rèn)為他不能勝任他的職務(wù),因此不像對(duì)待別人一樣平等地對(duì)待他。be equal to 勝任without equal 無(wú)與倫比equal sb.in.在比得上晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123Treat others in the way you want to be treated.(教材Page 41)己所不欲,勿施于人。剖析先行詞the way 在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可用in which或that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,也可以省略。I dont like the way

21、 (that/in which) you laugh at her.我不喜歡你嘲笑她的樣子。先行詞the way在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句用that或which引導(dǎo)。This is the way (that/which) he thought of to solve the problem.這就是他想出來(lái)的解決問(wèn)題的方法。The way that/which was used to improve the environment was acceptable.用來(lái)改善環(huán)境的方法是可以接受的。晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123The way that/in which he solved

22、 the problem surprised me.Whenever faced with difficulty,he can always find ways which/that can be used to deal with it.他解決問(wèn)題的方式讓我很驚訝。無(wú)論什么時(shí)候面對(duì)困難,他總能找到應(yīng)對(duì)的方法。晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123晨讀晚誦自主預(yù)習(xí)合作學(xué)習(xí)123He stressed the importance of kindness,duty and order in society.(教材Page 43)他強(qiáng)調(diào)了仁愛(ài)、責(zé)任和社會(huì)秩序的重要性?？键c(diǎn)stress vt. 強(qiáng)調(diào)【高考典句】(2018浙江)Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress his importance in litera