初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解

1、2020/11/302現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): have/ has +過去分詞過去分詞 1) 表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。成的動(dòng)作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back.2020/11/303 2) 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 但強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)Φ珡?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響?，F(xiàn)在的影響。 Have you had your supper? I have read the book twice already. 在以上兩種用法中常跟在以上兩種用法中常跟already, not

2、yet, never, just, before, ever, recently等等時(shí)間繼續(xù)下去的狀語。時(shí)間繼續(xù)下去的狀語。2020/11/304 3) 表示過去已經(jīng)開始表示過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 也也許還會(huì)繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包許還會(huì)繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。 He has studied English for 6 years. Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.2020/11/305 1. 1.直接加直接加-ed-ed。如：。如：

3、play-playedplay-played 2. 2.以字母以字母e e結(jié)尾的直接加結(jié)尾的直接加d d 。如：。如：name-name-namednamed 3. 3.以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y y結(jié)尾的，變結(jié)尾的，變y y為為i i加加eded。如：。如：carry-carriedcarry-carried 4. 4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加-ed-ed。如：。如：stop-stop-stoppedstopped2020/11/3061 1. .肯定句肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“ha

4、vehave（hashas）過去分詞）過去分詞”。 注意：該句式中的注意：該句式中的havehave或或hashas是助動(dòng)詞，是助動(dòng)詞，hashas用于第三用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用havehave。2.2.疑問句疑問句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句式是把助動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或或has提提到主語之前。到主語之前。 （回答用回答用“Yes，have（has）“No，havent（hasnt）” ）3.3.否定句否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）過去分詞過去分詞”。 2020/11/307I have

5、 eaten my lunch.She has eaten her lunch.He has eaten his lunch.肯定句肯定句They have eaten their lunch.2020/11/308I have not (havent) seen the film. She has not (hasnt) seen the film.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定否定形式：形式：have not (havent) +過去分詞過去分詞 has not (hasnt) +過去分詞過去分詞 I havent eaten supper. eat-eatenHe hasnt change

6、d his idea. change-changedMy mother hasnt come back home. come-come否定句否定句2020/11/309Ive already had dinner. I _ _ dinner _.2. He has just finished his homework. He _ _ his homework _.3. Mums cooked the dinner. Mum _ _ the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. Susan _ _ English at school.havent

7、hadyethasnt finishedyethasnt cookedhasnt learned把下列句子改為否定句把下列句子改為否定句2020/11/3010Have you eaten your breakfast?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句形式Have/has 提前提前+過去分詞過去分詞 Have you known Sandy for a long time?Yes, I have/ No, I havent. know-knownHas she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m.Yes, she has/ No, she hasnt.

8、eat-eaten疑問句疑問句2020/11/3011Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school.Have you already had dinner?Has he just finished his homework?Has mum cooked the dinner? Has Susan learned English at school?把下列句子改為一般疑問句把下列句子改為一般疑問句

9、2020/11/3012分清與一般過去時(shí)的用法分清與一般過去時(shí)的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范圍，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范圍，不能不能和表示過去和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday,last night,three weeks yesterday,last night,three weeks ago,in1990ago,in1990等等. .而一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀而一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。eg- I have seen the film.eg- I have seen the film.eg- I saw

10、 the film last week.eg- I saw the film last week.eg- He has lived here since 1993.eg- He has lived here since 1993.eg- He lived here in 1993.eg- He lived here in 1993.2020/11/3013 Notes: 1) have gone to 與與have been to have gone to表示某人已離開了原地，去表示某人已離開了原地，去了另外某地，說話時(shí)，人已不在原地。后者了另外某地，說話時(shí)，人已不在原地。后者表示某人曾表示某

11、人曾 have been to去過某地，說話時(shí)人已不在去過某地，說話時(shí)人已不在某地了。某地了。 He has been to Xian twice. 他曾經(jīng)去過西安兩次。（已經(jīng)回來了）他曾經(jīng)去過西安兩次。（已經(jīng)回來了） You cant find him. He has gone to Xian. 你找不到他。他去西安了。（沒回來）你找不到他。他去西安了。（沒回來）2020/11/3014動(dòng)詞填空：動(dòng)詞填空：1._ you _(clean) the room?1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do) that already. Yes, we_(do) t

12、hat already. When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. We _(do) it an hour ago.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(come) here? 3. How many t

13、imes _you_(come) here? Once. Once.HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavecomecome2020/11/30154. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.5. She _(go) to Pa

14、irs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoki

15、ng last year.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegaveHaveHaveriddenriddenhas kepthas kept2020/11

16、/3016Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. What have you already done?What has he just done?Who has cooked the dinner?Where has Susan learned English?對(duì)劃線部分提問對(duì)劃線部分提問2020/11/3017（for+for+表示一段時(shí)間的詞組，表示一段時(shí)間的詞組，since+si

17、nce+表示過去某一時(shí)刻的詞或詞表示過去某一時(shí)刻的詞或詞組）組）謂語只可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞謂語只可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞. .eg.- Ive lived here for eg.- Ive lived here for 15 years15 years. .eg.- Ive lived here since eg.- Ive lived here since 15 years ago15 years ago(1990)(1990)選用選用forfor和和sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen ea

18、ch other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.5.His grandparents have b