2018年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題(全國卷2,含答案)完整版

1、2018 年 普 通 高 等 學 校 招 生 全 國 統(tǒng) 一 考 試 英 語 試 題 （ 全 國 卷 2）（考試時間：120 分鐘試卷滿分：150 分）注意事項：1. 答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2. 作答時，務必將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。3. 考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30 分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分7.5 分）聽下面5短對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每

2、段對話后，你都有10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例： Howmuchistheshirt ？A. 19.15. B. 9.18.C. 9.15.1 .WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman ？A.Pronunciation. B.Vocabulary. C.Grammar.2 .Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers ？A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.3 .Wheredoestheconver

3、sationprobablytakeplace ？A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.4 .Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout ？A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5 .Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview ？A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二節(jié)（共15 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分22.5 分）聽下面 5 段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

4、聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5 秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第 6 段材料，回答第6、 7 題。6 .WhenwillJudygotoaparty ？A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnWednesday.7 .WhatwillMaxdonext ？A.Flyakite. B.Readamagazine. C.Dohishomework.聽第 7 段材料，回答第8、 9 題。8 .Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst ？A.Goingtoaconcert.B.Watchingam

5、ovie.C.Playingacomputergame.9 .Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo ？A.VisitMike . B.Goboating. C.Takeawalk.聽第 8 段材料，回答第10 至 12 題。10 .Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans ？A.Red. B.Green.C.Blue.11 .Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome ？A.Toeattheminasafeplace.B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.C.Tomaketheirownershappy.12 .

6、Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation ？A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.聽第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 題。13 .WhoisMacy？A.Ed steafriend .14 .HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten ？A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.15 .WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten ？A.Tellingstories. B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.16 .Whatdot

7、heteacherssayaboutEd ？A.He sclever . B.He squiet . C.He sbrave .聽第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 題。17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballetA.Five. B.Six.C.Nine.18 .WhydidEmilymovetoToronto ？A.Toworkforadanceschool.B.Toperformatadancetheater.C.Tolearncontemporarydance.19 .WhydidEmilyquitdancing ？A.Shewastoooldtod

8、ance.B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.C.Shelostinterestinit.20 .HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining ？A.She supset第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分 ）第一節(jié) （ 共 15 小題；每小題2 分，滿分30 分 ）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/careers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo

9、.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parent s/careerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchildschoices.ActivityDescriptionOutdoorAdventure(OUT)Takeyourself outofyourcom fortzonefora week,discove rnewpersonal qualities,an dlearnnews

10、ki lls.Youwillb eabletotakep artinanumber ofactivities fromcanoeing towildcampin gonDartmoor. Learnrockcli mbingandwork asateam,ande njoythegreat outdoorenvirMemberofstaffCostMr.Clemens 140onment.WW舊attlefieIds andParis (WBP)OnMondaywetr aveltoLondon .Afterstayin governightin London,wetra velonDay2t

11、on orthernFranc etovisittheW orldWarIbatt lefields.OnD ay3wecrossin toBelgium.Th ursdayseesus maketheshort journeytoPar iswherewewil lvisitDisney landParispar k,stayingunt illatetoseet heparadeandtMrs.Milson425hefireworks. Ourfinalday, Friday,seesu svisitcentra lParisandtou rthemainsigh ts.CraftyFox

12、es(CRF)Fourdaysofpr oductdesignc entredaround textiles.Mak inglovelyobj ectsusingrec ycledandmade materials.Ba gs,cushionsa nddecoration s.Learnski llsandleavew ithmodernand unusualtexti les.Mrs.Goode30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerB rosStudio,sh opstoptobuypMissDrake 150icnic,stayov ernightinana

13、pprovedYouthHostelinStre atley-on-Tha mes,guidedto urofOxfordto seethefilmlo cations,picn iclunchoutsi deOxford sC hristchurch, boatingonthe RiverCherwel lthroughtheU niversityPar ks,beforehea dingbacktoEx eter.21.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF. D.POT.22.What?will?t

14、he?students?do?on?Tuesday?with?Mrs.?Wilson? A.Travel?to?London.?B.See?a?parade?and?fireworks.C.Tour?central?Paris.D.Visit?the?WWI?battlefields.23.How?long?does?Potty?about?Potter?last?A.Two?days.B.Four?days.C.Five?days.D.One?week.BManyofusloveJulybecauseit sthemonthwhennature sberriesandsto nefruits

15、areinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishCol umbia sfieldsarelittlepowerhous esofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,b ecauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋 白質(zhì) ）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesarepa

16、rti cularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物質(zhì) ）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecaroten oidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（櫻桃 ）,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmake anexcellentbase

17、forthick ,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat “icecream” .F orthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Re movetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyouli ke,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbro wn.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingonth

18、eirripenessandt hetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberries orslicedfruit.Outcomesa “soft -serve“ creamydessert,tobeeatenright away.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren sparty;theylove feedingthe fruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecr

19、eam comeoutbelow.24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.25.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.2

20、6.Whatis ajuicerinthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.CTeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCo mmonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclin

21、eoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedataint hereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren slives,and indicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport skeyfindings, “ theproportion（比例 ）whosaythey hardlyever readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13 -year -oldsand9percento

22、f17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespec tivelytoday. ”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren, ages2 8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeac hsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpe rsession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,

23、thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建議 ）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonread ing.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsser vingasexamplesandimportantguidesf

24、ortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading. Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequent readers,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentsw horeadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近 ）ahead,parentsmi

25、ghttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerr eadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.28.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Children sreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildren sbooks.C.Children safter -classactivities.D.Parent-childrelationships.29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsup

26、portschildrenarereadingalotl essforfun?A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildren shealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.31.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Act

27、asrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthentowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWe veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surro undedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,wors e,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What stheproblem?It

28、 spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconvers ationalintelligence.It smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversation becauseit sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit sannoyingandunnece ssary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsma lltalkiswo rththetrouble.Expertssayit saninvaluablesocialpracti

29、ce thatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan tforgetthatde eprelationshipswouldn t evenexistifitweren tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（ 潤滑 劑 ）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShyne ssResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.Almos

30、teverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltal k,heexplains.Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notju stcommunicatewiththem. Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatU BC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseeko utanintera

31、ction（互動 ）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshow edthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpo sitivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.It snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,saysDunn. Butinteractionswithperipheral（邊 緣的 ）memberso

32、foursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso. Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificant lygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelop ingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners, hesays. 32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstpara

33、graph? A.Addictiontosmartphones. B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces. C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers. D.Impatiencewithslowservice.33.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.34.Whatdoe

34、sthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople sconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短

35、文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuc hbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutin themorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysically萬t.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhat

36、everisaheadofyoufortheday.37 Yourmetabolism（新陳代謝）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie（里）burningbeneftsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbe tterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soi tismorediff

37、iculttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexci ted.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemoreli kelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwantto ruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofo cusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,espec

38、iallyinthemornings.Se tyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelene rgizedalldaylong.A.Youwi11sticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryou

39、exercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou redoingitnow,th enlistenup!第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Twoweeksearlier.m yson.Ben,hadgotintouch,he dmovedtoEnglandwit hhismumwhenhewasthre

40、eandithadbeen13yearssinceI d 41seenhim.Soimag inemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywa s45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Ge ttingalittle46.Irealizedonekayak（皮戈 U 艇）wasin47. “Something snot 48! Itoo

41、koffmyT -shirtand49jntothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hew as50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped51theyoun gmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something 52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53 . “What shisname?” Iaskedtheinstr ucto

42、r. Ben, hereplied,andimmediatelyI 54.Thatstrangerwasmyson!Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospit al,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner .WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57 tome. Ijustwanttosaythankyo u, hesaid, “You58mylife! ”Istillcan tbelievewhat

43、a 59itwas.I mjustsogladIwasthere 60tohe lpmyson.41.A.alsoB.oftenC.evenD.last42.A.delightD.worry43.A.scared44.A.talk45.A.bathed46.A.fasterD.wiser47.A.trouble48.A.real49.A.stared50.A.arguing51.A.lead52.A.happened53.A.sharp54.A.agreed55.A.FortunatelyD.Suddenly56.A.returnD.leave57.A.joked58.A.created59.

44、A.coincidenceB.reliefC.angerB.shocked C.thrilledD.ashamedB.stayB.rightC.meetD.settleB.cleanC.deepD.formedB.closerC.heavierB.advanceC.questionD.battleC.fairD.fitB.sankC.divedD.fellB.fightingB.persuade C.carryC.shouting D.shakingB.occurred C.appliedB.pleasant C.attractiveB.hesitated C.doubtedB.Frankly

45、B.relaxB.turnedB.honoredB.changeD.keepD.appealedD.familiarD.knewC.SadlyC.speakC.listenedD.pointedC.savedD.guidedC.pityD.pain60.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsureD.onpurpose第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DietshavechangedinChina一andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61 ( grow ) m

46、orecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62pas t25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent. Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise :Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve

47、) waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化月巴)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(poJ!yte)inthecountrysmajorlak esandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople. AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal6_7(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgricul

48、turefind sthatbetween2005whenthegovernment68(start)asoil-testingprogram69givesspecificfert ilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7m illiontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70（feed）itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricu ltureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以 下作文，文中共有