2015年4月全國高等教育自學考試試題

1、2015年 4月全國高等教育自學考試試題英語（一）試卷 本試卷共 8 頁，滿分 100 分；考試時間 150 分鐘。第一部分：閱讀判斷（第110題，每題1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了 10 個句子，請根據(jù)短文的容對每個句子作出判斷：如果該句提供 的是正確信息，選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，選擇 C。The Greatest GiftOne day, I was telling my mother about a new girl in school. Suddenly she asked, "Who are your two best fr

2、iends, Helen?""Jill and Jaime.""Well, what about Karen and Cindy?""I don't know who their best friends are.""No," she said. "I mean, why aren't they your best friends?" She seemed upset and hurt."But they're my sisters."&qu

3、ot;Yes, but they can still be your best friends. Friends may come and go, but your sisters will always be there for you."At the time, the idea of my sisters being my closest friends seemed strange to me. We used to fight over toys, food, attention and what to watch on television. But my mother

4、never let the three of us forget it: sisters are lifelong friends. Her wish was to give us something that she had never had. When she gave birth to three daughters, the fulfillmen（t 實現(xiàn)） of her dream had only just begun. She had given us each a gift our sistersand she wanted to make sure we did not t

5、ake that gift for granted. She would frequently tell us how lucky we were, constantly take us to places together so we grew closer, and would even punish us equally, giving us yet another bonding （親密關(guān)系）experienee.It was somewhere in between Mom's lectures, the family vacations and the shared mem

6、ories that we realized that Mom was right. Today I share things with my sisters that I share with no one else. My sister Cindy and I ran the New York City Marathon together, side by side, holding hands when erossing the finishing line. When Karen got married, I was her maid of honor. The three of us

7、 trust eaeh other with our greatest seerets.It was twenty-three years ago that my mother first asked me who my two best friends were. Today she doesn't have t. She already knows.1. 【題干】 One day, one of Hele's sisters asked her to be her best friend.【選項】ATrueB FalseCNot Given【答案】 B【解析】由文章開頭媽媽

8、和 Helen的對話可知，媽媽告訴 Hele n,她的兩個姐姐應成為 她最好的朋友，而并不是Helen的一個姐姐讓Helen成為她最好的朋友。題干的表述與文章不一致，故選 B【考點】2. 【題干】 Mom believed that sisters should be the best friends to each other. 【選項】A True BFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解析】 由第七段可知， 媽媽認為 Helen 應和她的姐姐們彼此成為好朋友。 題干的表述 與文章一致，故選 A 。【考點】3. 【題干】 Helen fund it easy to accept th

9、e idea of having her sisters as her best friends.【選項】A TrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】 B【解析】由第八段第一句可知， 在當時，把姐姐們作為她最親密的朋友這個想法讓 Helen 感覺很奇怪，所以對 Helen 來說是不容易接受的。題干的表述與文章不一致，故選B?！究键c】4. 【題干】 Helen and her sisters never argued and fought.【選項】A TrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】 B【解析】由第八段第二句可知， Helen 常常和姐姐們因為玩具、食物、關(guān)懷和看電視節(jié)

10、目而爭吵。題干的表述與文章不一致，故選 B ?！究键c】5. 【題干】 To help her daughters become best friends, Mom sent them to the same school. 【選項】A TrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】C【解析】文章并沒有提及媽媽把 Helen 和她的姐姐們送往同一個學校，故選 C【考點】6. 【題干】 Helen's sisters were the greatest gift that Mom gave Helen.【選項】A TrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】 A【解析】由第八段可知，

11、媽媽生了三個女兒，并且經(jīng)常會告訴她們有多幸運，讓她們 一起玩耍，也一起受罰，目的就是想告訴她們彼此是最好的朋友，是給彼此最好的禮 物。故選 A ?！究键c】7. 【題干】 Mom punished the sisters equally to make them understand they were connected by blood tie.【選項】A TrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】 A【解析】由第八段最后一句中的 "and would even punish us equally, giving us yet another bon di ng （親密關(guān)系）

12、experie nee可知，媽媽讓女兒們同等受罰，就是想讓她們知道她 們是最親密的人，是有血緣親情的。故選A ?！究键c】8. 【題干】 Helen and Cindy's friendship was shown by their running the New York Marathon together.【選項】ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】 A【解析】由倒數(shù)第二段第三句可知，Helen 和姐姐 Cindy 一起跑了紐約馬拉松，當沖過終點線時，她們肩并肩，手拉手。從這里可以看出她們之間的姐妹情深，故選【考點】9. 【題干】 Helen's sister

13、Cindy was not married. 【選項】 A True BFalse CNot Given 【答案】 C 【解析】文章倒數(shù)第二段只提到 Karen 結(jié)婚了，但并未提及 Cindy 是否結(jié)婚，故選 C 【考點】10. 【題干】 The three sisters seldom share their secrets.【選項】A TrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】 B【解析】由倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，她們?nèi)忝帽舜撕苄湃?，都能分享自己最大?秘密。題干的表述與文章不一致，故選 B?！究键c】 第二部分：閱讀選擇（第1115題，每題2分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，請從短文后所

14、給各題的4個選項（A、B、C、D）中選出1個最佳選項。Hares and RabbitsOne of the gentlest of all animals is the hare. When you consider how mild this animal is, you might wonder how it can survive in a world full of enemies. But then you've also probably noticed its strong hind （后面的）legs. Those legs give it pienty of spe

15、ed. And you know how rapidly hares and rabbits bree（d 繁殖） . That's oatnher reason why they manage to survive. Hares and rabbits have long, sharp front teeth. Their hind legs are longer than their front legs so that they run faster uphill than downhill. When they are hunted, they use tricks such

16、as taking huge leaps to break the smell or signal danger to each other by hitting the ground with their hi nd feet. Hares and rabbits are purely vegetarian素 食者）.They can live very well on the inner bark f trees.There are many differences between hares and rabbits. Hares are larger, and their feet an

17、d ears are longer. Hares do not dig holes or live in groups, as do rabbits. Hares are born pen-eyed and with thick fur, while rabbits are born blind and hairless.North America is the home of many different types of hares. One of the best known is the jack hare, a large hare with very long ears. Jack

18、s are so fast that they can sometimes make a leap of six meters.The March hare, whom we know from Alice in Wonderland, is a common European hare. In March, they are always busy in mating, thus acquiring its name.Unlike hares, rabbits are social animals, living together in holes. A rabbit may mate wh

19、en it is six months old and its young are born within a month. So if the rabbit has no natural enemies, it can become quite a pest.11. 【題干】 People are curious about the survival of the hare because.【選項】A their legs are not strong enoughBtheir growth is not fast enoughCthey are too gentleDthey run to

20、o slow【答案】 C 【解析】事實細節(jié)題。由第一段第一、二句可知，野兔是最溫順的動物之一，當你在 想這個動物有多溫順時，你可能想知道在一個滿是敵人的世界上它是怎樣存活的。因 為野兔很溫順，故人們對它們能夠幸存很好奇。故選 C。【考點】12. 【題干】 Hares and rabbits use tricks when they.【選項】A run uphillBare huntedCsignal dangerDtake huge leaps【答案】 B【解析】事實細節(jié)題。由第二段第三句可知，當野兔和家兔遭到捕獵時，它們都會使 用伎倆。故選 B ?！究键c】13. 【題干】 Compared

21、with hares, rabbits.【選項】 A have longer feet Bhave thicker fur Care born pen-eyed Dlike to live in groups【答案】 D【解析】事實細節(jié)題。由第三段可知，野兔和家兔有很多不同之處，野兔較大，它們 的腳和耳朵都較長；野兔不會挖洞，也不群居生活，而家兔會挖洞，過著群居生活； 野兔出生時眼睛是睜開的，身上毛很厚，而家兔出生時眼睛是閉著的，渾身無毛。故 選 D ?！究键c】14. 【題干】 Many people get to know the March hare from the fact that

22、it.【選項】A has long ears and legsBdigs a lot of holes in MarchCcan make a leap of six metersDappears in Alice in Wonderland【答案】 D【解析】事實細節(jié)題。由倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，人們都知道三月兔出現(xiàn)在愛麗絲 夢游仙境中。故選 D?！究键c】15. 【題干】 Rabbits' natural enemies prevent them from.【選項】A becoming a big troubleBbreeding when youngCliving in holesD

23、becoming social animals【答案】 A【解析】推理判斷題。由最后一段最后一句可知，如果家兔沒有天敵的話，它就會泛 濫成災了。所以正是家兔的天敵阻止它們成為大麻煩。故選 A ?！究键c】第三部分：概括段落大意和補全句子（第1625題，每題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，請完成短文后的2項測試任務：（1）從第1620題后所給的6個選項 中為第段每段選擇 1 個正確的小標題；（2）從第 2125題后所給的 6個選項中 選擇 5 個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。Paw n Shops （當鋪） Paw n shops are bus in esses where people bring

24、 their possessi ons to sell or to get a short-term loan. Pawn shops may be large or small, clean or dirty, but they are all full of stories. The United States has about ten thousand of them. In the past few years, paw n shops have bee n doing bus in ess with more people tha n ever before. That is be

25、cause many len derg 貸方） now do bus in ess only with in dividuals hav ing good credit records or a high-paying job Often, the individuals most in need of a loan have poor credit records. But they do not need a good job or credit record to get a loan from a pawnbroker （典當商）.They only need to have some

26、thing of value. Whe n a traditi on al le nder agrees to provide a loa n, it may take days or weeks before an individual receives the money. But pawnbrokers will give a loan in just a few minutes based on the resale value of an object and without asking about the peorsn's job or credit history. M

27、any paw n shops specialize in jewelry. But most shops accept almost anything of value, including computers, musical instruments, guns, old coins and so on. The item itself acts as the security, or collateral （抵押物），for the loan. If the loan is not repaid, the object can be soldCustomers can get the o

28、bject back at any time by repaying the loan plus the interest and fees they agreed to pay. Or they can pay the interest and leave the item at the pawn shop for a while longer. The Nati onal Paw nbrokers Associati on is a n ati onal trade group represe nti ng paw nbrokers. The association calls pawn-

29、borkering n“eoof humankind s'oldest financial institutions.” It says pawnbrokers operated three thousand years ago in ancient China and in early Greek and Roman times.Task116. 【題干】Paragraph.【選項】AQuick loan from a pawnbrokerBProperties of a pawnbrokerCHow does a pawn shop run?DWhat is a pawn shop

30、?EPawn-brokering: a trade with a long historyFRecent development of pawn shops【答案】 D【解析】本段第一句首先介紹了當鋪的定義，后兩句也是圍繞著當鋪來講述的。故本 段講述的是當鋪的定義?！究键c】17. 【題干】Paragraph.【選項】AQuick loan from a pawnbrokerBProperties of a pawnbroker CHow does a pawn shop run?DWhat is a pawn shop?EPawn-brokering: a trade with a long

31、historyFRecent development of pawn shops【答案】 F【解析】本段主要講述了在過去的幾年里當鋪和更多的人在做生意，那是因為現(xiàn)在許 多貸方只和有良好信用記錄或者有高收入工作的人做生意，而那些最需要貸款的個人 的信用記錄經(jīng)常很差；但是那些最需要貸款的個人不需要有一份好工作或者有良好信 用記錄就可以從典當商那里貸款，他們只需要有值錢的東西就可以了。故本段講述的 是當鋪最近的發(fā)展?！究键c】18. 【題干】Paragraph.【選項】A Quick loan from a pawnbrokerBProperties of a pawnbrokerCHow does

32、a pawn shop run?DWhat is a pawn shop?EPawn-brokering: a trade with a long historyFRecent development of pawn shops【答案】 A【解析】本段主要講述了借方可能會在傳統(tǒng)的貸方那里花上幾天或者幾周的時間才會 收到貸款，但是在典當商那里幾分鐘就可以收到貸款，并且他們不會詢問個人的工作 和信用記錄。故本段講述的是典當商的快速借貸。【考點】19. 【題干】Paragrap.【選項】A Quick loan from a pawnbrokerBProperties of a pawnbroker

33、CHow does a pawn shop run?DWhat is a pawn shop?EPawn-brokering: a trade with a long historyFRecent development of pawn shops【答案】 C【解析】本段主要講述了任何有價值的物品都可以在當鋪作為抵押物來貸款；如果沒 有償還貸款，物品就會被賣掉；只要償還了貸款以及利息和其他費用，物品就可以被 贖回，只要顧客支付了利息，當鋪就可以替顧客保存物品更久一點。故本段講述的是 當鋪是如何經(jīng)營的?！究键c】20. 【題干】Paragraph©.【選項】A Quick loan fr

34、om a pawnbrokerBProperties of a pawnbrokerCHow does a pawn shop run?DWhat is a pawn shop?EPawn-brokering: a trade with a long historyFRecent development of pawn shops【答案】 E【解析】本段主要講述了英國全國典當協(xié)會把典當行稱為 “人類最古老的金融機構(gòu)之 一”；典當商在 3000年前的中國古代和早期的希臘和羅馬時代就開始經(jīng)營了。故本段講述的是典當業(yè)的悠久歷史。【考點】Task221. 【題干】 People bring their

35、 valuable things to pawn shops to.【選項】A turn to pawn brokersBthe borrower' sobj or credit historyCthe customers repay the loanDpay back the agreed sum of moneyEget a loanFthe customers pay the interest【答案】 E【解析】由第一段第一句可知，人們可以把他們值錢的東西拿到當鋪去貸款。故選 E【考點】22. 【題干】 People who have poor credit records ar

36、e more likely to【選項】A turn to pawn brokersBthe borrower's job or credit historyCthe customers repay the loanDpay back the agreed sum of moneyEget a loanFthe customers pay the interest【答案】 A【解析】由第二段倒數(shù)第二、三句可知，信用記錄差的人可以在典當商那里貸款，因 為他們不需要你有好的工作和良好的信用記錄。故選 A【考點】23. 【題干】 Pawnbrokers pay more attention

37、to the resale value of an object instead of【選項】A turn to pawn brokersBthe borrower's job or credit historyCthe customers repay the loanDpay back the agreed sum of moneyEget a loanFthe customers pay the interest【答案】 B 【解析】由第三段第二句可知，典當商會根據(jù)物品的轉(zhuǎn)售價值來貸款給你，并且不會 問你的工作和信用記錄。故選 B ?！究键c】24. 【題干】 If customer

38、s want to get their objects back they must.【選項】A turn to pawn brokersBthe borrower's job or credit historyCthe customers repay the loanDpay back the agreed sum of moneyEget a loanFthe customers pay the interest【答案】 D 【解析】由第四段第五句可知，如果顧客想贖回所當?shù)奈锲?，他們必須償還約定的錢。 故選 D ?！究键c】25. 【題干】 The pawn shop may kee

39、p the object for a longer time on the condition that【選項】A turn to pawn brokersBthe borrower's job or credit historyCthe customers repay the loan Dpay back the agreed sum of money Eget a loanFthe customers pay the interest【答案】 F 【解析】由第四段最后一句可知，只要顧客支付了利息，當鋪就可以替顧客保存物品 更久一點。故選 F?！究键c】第四部分：填句補文（第2630題

40、，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有 5處空白， 短文后有 6個句子， 其中 5個取自短文， 請根據(jù)短文容將其分 別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。ResourcesResources are found in nature. They make a better quality of life for humans. Soil, air, water, sunlight and trees are all examples of resources that humans use every day, whether they know it or not.（ 26）A natural reso

41、urce is a material fund in nature and used by living things. Air, rocks, metals, oil and salt are all n atural resources. Ren ewabie 可再生的） resources are resources that can be replaced.（27） Trees that are cut down can be replaced quickly when seeds or baby treesare planted. Water from our bathtub（s 浴

42、盆） can be cleaned for use. Plants, wind and rain can help clean the air to make it safe to breathe even if it comes out of a car or a factory.Sometimes resources cannot be replaced after they are used._（_2_8） Once nonrenewable resources are all used up, nature will not be able to replace them. Oil,

43、natural gas, soil and metals are all examples of nonrenewable resources.Coal is another example of a nonrenewable resource.（_29） Humans mine the coalunderground and use it as an energy source. Once humans have mined all the coal from inside Earth, there will be on more for us to depend on.（_ 30） For

44、 example, wind and waterturbines （渦輪機）are now being used to produce energy.26. 【題干】 .【選項】AThese are called nonrenewable resources.BThey replace some of the need to burn coal.CIt is made by nature deep in Earth.DWithout resources, humans could not live on Earth.ETrees, air, water and energy from the

45、sun are renewable resources.FLuckily, humans are finding new ways to replace coal.【答案】 D 【解析】空格前一句講述的是不管人類知不知道，土壤、空氣、水、和樹木都是人類 每天使用的資源。 D 項講的是沒有了資源， 人類就不能在地球上生活， 與上文銜接最緊 密，故選 D?！究键c】27. 【題干】 .【選項】A These are called nonrenewable resources. BThey replace some of the need to burn coal. C It is made by n

46、ature deep in Earth.DWithout resources, humans could not live on Earth.ETrees, air, water and energy from the sun are renewable resources. F Luckily, humans are finding new ways to replace coal.【答案】 E【解析】空格前一句講述的是可再生資源的定義。 E 項講的是樹木、空氣、水和太陽能 是可再生資源，與上文銜接最緊密，故選 E?！究键c】28. 【題干】 .【選項】A These are called n

47、onrenewable resources. BThey replace some of the need to burn coal. C It is made by nature deep in Earth.DWithout resources, humans could not live on Earth.ETrees, air, water and energy from the sun are renewable resources. F Luckily, humans are finding new ways to replace coal.【答案】A【解析】空格后一句講述的是不可再

48、生資源的情況。 A 項講的是什么是不可再生資源， 與下文銜接最緊密故選 A ?！究键c】29. 【題干】 .【選項】A These are called nonrenewable resources. BThey replace some of the need to burn coal. C It is made by nature deep in Earth.DWithout resources, humans could not live on Earth.ETrees, air, water and energy from the sun are renewable resources.

49、 F Luckily, humans are finding new ways to replace coal.【答案】 C【解析】 空格前一句講述的是煤是一種不可再生資源。 C 項講的是煤是如何形成的， 與上文銜接最緊密，故選 C【考點】30. 【題干】 .【選項】A These are called nonrenewable resources. BThey replace some of the need to burn coal. C It is made by nature deep in Earth. DWithout resources, humans could not liv

50、e on Earth.ETrees, air, water and energy from the sun are renewable resources. F Luckily, humans are finding new ways to replace coal.【答案】 F【解析】空格后一句講述的是人類正在使用風和水輪機來產(chǎn)生能量。 F 項講的是人類正 在尋找新的方式來代替煤，與下文銜接最緊密，故選 F?！究键c】 第五部分：填詞補文（第3140題，每題1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有 10 處空白，短文后列出 12個詞，其中 1 0個取自短文 ,請根據(jù)短文容將其 分別放回原有位置，以恢復

51、文章原貌。How Old Are You?In English, when we meet people for the first time, there are some safe topics to talk about, such as weather, or which part of the country they come from. We wouldn't ask them whether they were（ 31 ） ,or how much they earned, or how（ 32） they wereWe learn these politeness r

52、ules very_（_33） on in life, from around age three“. How old are you?”asks Auntie Ann at little Jimmy's fourth birthday party. "I'm four",（ 34） Jimmy.And then he says, "How old are you?" But Auntie Ann won't say. And（ 35） ,Jimmylearns that one thing you should never（_

53、36） is ask a lady her（ 37） !This is one of the rules of polite（ 38） which is found in cultures and languages in manyparts of the（ 39） ,but not everywhere In some Asian cultures questions about age arevery（ 40） It's just their way of being friendly.31. 【題干】 .【選項】AconversationBageCmarriedDsaysEcom

54、monFgenerallyGearlyHasksI graduallyJdoKoldL world【答案】C【解析】由空格前的 were 可知，空格處需要填一個形容詞。結(jié)合選項，根據(jù)句意可知， 這里是指問他們是否結(jié)婚了，故此處應填 married （已婚的）?！究键c】32. 【題干】 .【選項】AconversationBageCmarriedDsaysEcommonFgenerallyGearlyHasksIgraduallyJdoKoldLworld【答案】 K【解析】由空格后的were可知，空格處需要填一個形容詞。結(jié)合選項，根據(jù)句意可知, 這里是指問他們多大了，故此處應填 old （老的

55、）?！究键c】33. 【題干】 【選項】Aconversation BageCmarriedDsaysEcommonFgenerallyGearlyHasksI graduallyJdoKoldL world【答案】G【解析】由空格前的動詞 learn 可知，空格處需要填一個副詞。 根據(jù)后文的 around age three （大約三歲）可知，這里是指我們很早就知道這些禮貌規(guī)則，故此處應填early （早）?！究键c】34. 【題干】 .【選項】AconversationBageCmarriedDsaysEcommonFgenerallyGearlyHasksIgraduallyJdoKoldL

56、world【答案】 D【解析】由句意可知，此處應填一個動詞。根據(jù)后文的says也可知，此處應填says（說）【考點】35. 【題干】 【選項】Aconversation Bage CmarriedDsaysEcommonFgenerallyGearlyHasksI graduallyJdoKoldL world【答案】 I【解析】由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應填一個副詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應填gradually （漸漸地）。【考點】36. 【題干】 .【選項】A conve rsationBageCmarriedDsaysEcommonFgenerallyGearlyHasksIgraduallyJdoKoldLworld【答案】 J【解析】由空格前的should可知，此處應填一個動詞。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是指你從 不應該做的一件事，故此處應填 do （做）?！究键c】37. 【題干】 【選項】AconversationBageCmarriedDsaysEcommonFgenerallyGearlyHasksI gr