2019年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空精講

1、2019年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空精講(名師精講解題技巧+實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練，值得下載練習(xí))1 .考點(diǎn):知識(shí)點(diǎn)考求考查題型語(yǔ)法填空(動(dòng)詞填空)掌握動(dòng)詞的變化形式短文填空2 .難點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞的變化形式我們講的語(yǔ)法填空是用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成短文。在一篇文章中，一般 有10個(gè)動(dòng)詞要填?！窘忸}技巧】要做好動(dòng)詞填空題，掌握一定的技巧是很有必要的。一般可從下列幾個(gè)方面 來(lái)考慮：1 .根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇的時(shí)間確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)；2 .根據(jù)語(yǔ).篇中句子的承受者和執(zhí)行者確定正確的語(yǔ)態(tài)；3 .確定動(dòng)詞的正確形式?！窘忸}步驟】第一步：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)確定時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)與時(shí)態(tài)有著極為密切的關(guān)系。A. I(write) now.B. I(lose) my

2、 pen yesterday.A句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now,指動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)， 答案應(yīng)填am writing。B句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是過(guò)去的時(shí)間，故動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)， 答案應(yīng)填lost。第二步：根據(jù)上、下文來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)。有些語(yǔ)篇中沒(méi)有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)就可以根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容來(lái)判斷時(shí)間關(guān) 系，確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)。Don' t make noise. The baby(sleep) in the bedroom.思路分析：根據(jù)不要弄出噪音”可知嬰兒正在臥室里睡覺(jué)”，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，答案應(yīng)填is sleeping第三步：根據(jù)語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)，特別在語(yǔ)篇中更應(yīng)如此。After school

3、 the students(take) their bags and went home.答案：took思路分析：根據(jù)and連接并列成分，went是過(guò)去式，故take也用過(guò)去式took。第四步：注意時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，在主從復(fù)合句(狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句)中，主句的謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是相互照應(yīng)的。1 .在狀語(yǔ)從句.中，主句如果是一般將來(lái)時(shí)、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或祈使句，則狀語(yǔ) 從旬應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。If my brother(be) free, we'll go to the zoo tomorrow.思路分析：主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故if引導(dǎo)的從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案應(yīng) 填is。2 .在賓語(yǔ)從句中

4、，其時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)受主句時(shí)態(tài)的控制。主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句應(yīng)據(jù)具 體情況而定。主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)的某一形式(一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn) 行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí))。A. He says he(visit) the Great Wall last summer vacation.B. My teacher said that he(take) us to the park the next day.思路分析：A句中的主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是last summervacation,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，答案應(yīng)填 visited。B句中的主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從 句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是the next day

5、,故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，答案應(yīng)填 would take。第五步：確定正確的語(yǔ)態(tài)。我們?cè)诳紤]時(shí)態(tài)的同時(shí)，也要考慮語(yǔ)態(tài)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 作的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；反之用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第六步：確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。如果所填的動(dòng)詞在句子中不作謂語(yǔ)，那么就應(yīng)考慮用動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式主要有：動(dòng)詞不定式、v.-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞等。1 .在動(dòng)詞 decide, hope, wish, plan, want, refuse, would like (love)等后面用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)；而在ask, tell, order, invite等后用動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

6、，即 “ask sb. to do sth.的形式。2 .在see, hear, watch, notice, let, mke, help等后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定 式應(yīng)省略不定式符號(hào)to。help也可不省。在感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, watch, notice, find, feel等后也可接v.-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)。3 .在 had better(not)，Why not / Why don ' t you., Will you please 等句型中要用動(dòng)詞原形。4 . It ' s time (for sb.) to do sth., something to e

7、at / drink, have nothing to do, It takes sb. some time to do sthi句型或短語(yǔ)中要用動(dòng)詞不定式。5 .在 keep, enjoy, finish, mind, practice等動(dòng)詞后用 v.-ing 形式。6 .在 be busy, feel like, what about, how abou等搭酉己后用 v.-ing 形式。7 .介詞后的動(dòng)詞一般應(yīng)用v.-ing形式。8 .疑'問(wèn)代/副詞(why除外)+to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。第七步：最后也要注意主謂的一致性。在 There be句型中有并歹

8、U主語(yǔ)， 以及 either or, neither nor, not only but also等連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都要遵循就近一致原則。在時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、度量衡等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式、從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Either Bruce or Sam(take) part in the music competition every week.答案：takes思路分析：Sam是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 takeso1 .閱讀短文并用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。If you travel around China you 1 (not

9、ice) a very popular activity everywhere you 2(go)basketball. This much-loved sport 3 (enjoy) by many, for fun and exercise.陳源：學(xué)翦軻 zx3 -It 4 (believe) that on December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an Olympic event. A team from China 5

10、(take) part, and although they 6 (win), they 7 (use) the experience to help develop the game at home. Since then the popularity of basketball 8_ (rise) worldwide, and the number of foreign players in America ' N BA _9 (increase). Basketball has become a more popular sport for people to watch, an

11、d many young people dream of 10 (become) famous basketball player.1. will notice 2. go 3. is enjoyed 4.is believed 5. took6. didn ' t win 7. used8. has risen9. has increased 10.becoming思路分析：1. if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。2. everywhere引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， 故填go。3. 主語(yǔ)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)是 喜歡、享受”的承受者，

12、應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)形式,或直接把by many 作為信號(hào)詞，即：by sb.是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的標(biāo)志。4. "It ' s believed thit據(jù)說(shuō)被認(rèn)為”的意思，屬于固定結(jié)構(gòu)。5. in 1936即：in加年代是一般過(guò)去式的標(biāo)志，.take的過(guò)去式為took。6. and連接前后兩動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，詞形和詞性應(yīng)該是相同的。7. 句意為盡管他們沒(méi)有贏，但是他們用此經(jīng)驗(yàn)幫助他們?cè)趪?guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展這種運(yùn)動(dòng)”，主從句都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。8. since then意為 從那以來(lái)"，是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志。9. 短語(yǔ)the number of作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式；此處 and連接 前后句子

13、的時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)該是相同的。10. of是信號(hào)詞，即：介詞后的動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞形式。R.閱讀下面的短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Jane Scott is fourteen and the year before last she 1(begin) to study in a middle school. She likes 2(dance) and singing and spends a lot of time on them. But she hates math and 3(not study) hard at it. She thinks it difficult to learn

14、math. Once she failed the math exam, and now she decides to give it up. Her father is angry with her when he knows about it.It was Sunday. Mr. Scott gave a call to his sister. She teaches math in another school. He hoped his sister 4(come) and tell his daughter how 5(learn) math. After a while, the

15、woman came qu ickly and said,"You' re a clever girl, Jane.I ' m suyou' ll soon do well in math if you work hard at it.”“I ' m afraid I can ' t, Aunt, " said Jane. “I ' m not interested in math at all.“I don ' t think so, " said the woman. “I 6(not be) good

16、at it when I was a girl. You 7(do) more exercise until you make it. Well, here ' s a math problem. Think it over and practice it again and again, then you 8(work) it out.”“ OK," said the girl, “ Let me 9(have) a try. ”About a n hour later Jane took the exercise book to her aunt and said,“I

17、10_(do) the problem ten times by now. ”“Well done! ” her aunt said happily,“What answers did you get? ”Ten answers.1. began2. dancing 3. doesn ' t study 4. would come 5. tolearn6. wasn ' t 7. should do 8. will work9. have10. havedone思路分析：1 . the year before last®為 前年”，是過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。2

18、 . like后面接動(dòng)詞的ing形式。3 . and連接并列的成分，前面是hates,故后一個(gè)填doesn' t study4 . hoped后接的是賓語(yǔ)從句，希望他姐姐過(guò)來(lái)”是一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以 從旬要用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。5 .動(dòng)詞不定式和疑問(wèn)詞連用。6 .根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，主句的時(shí)態(tài)要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。7 .根據(jù)句意可知你應(yīng)該多做練習(xí)”，所以要加上情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。8 .考查祈使句+then+一般將來(lái)時(shí)的句子，故填 will work。9 . let后面接動(dòng)詞原形。10 .根據(jù)句意 至今我已做了這道題10遍”可知，時(shí)態(tài)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。(答題時(shí)間：15分鐘)I .根據(jù)短文內(nèi)

19、容，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空One animal that caught my attention on our recent visit to Australia (1)(be)the Bottlenose dolphin. Bottlenose dolphins are mammals哺孚L動(dòng)物),like humans. This means they are warm blooded溫血?jiǎng)游?,breathe air and(2)(give) birth to live young. They can weigh up to 180 kilograms and (3)(grow

20、up) to 3 meters in length. Bottlenose dolphins (4) find) throughout the world and live in groups of 2 to 15 animals. They (5)(find) at depths of more than 100 meters underwater. Dolphins (6)(have) good eyesight in and out of water. They have taste buds (味蕾)in their mouths and (7) (spit out) (吐出)food

21、 they don 'like. Bottlenose dolphins have “nosesthat look a little bit like a bottle. In fact, they (8)(not breathe) through these“noses" at all. Most dolphins (9)(live) to betheir mid 30s. Their most important enemies (10)(be) people. In Australia,dolphins are often attacked by sharks, but

22、 recover恢復(fù)) quickly if their wounds are not serious.n.閱讀理解You' ve probably heard oworking dogs tha t help police officers, or horses that help farmers. Did you know that carrier pigeons(信鴿) can be trained to help people too? Here are some examples. Mail manCarrier pigeons can be trained to carry

23、 messages to people. The note is placed into a small can. The can is tied to the pigeon ' s leg. Then the pigeon flies off with the note.LifeguardFrom high up in the sky, specially trained pigeons can find orange life jackets in the ocean. Sometimes it is difficult for humans to find people lost

24、 at sea, especially when the weather is bad. However, pigeons can fly quickly over a large area of water to look for people.SpyMany years ago, carrier pigeons were used to help our country during wars （戰(zhàn) 爭(zhēng)）.“ Spy pigeons " had small camerasiehattoweeer feet. As a pigeon flewover enemy 傲人）land,

25、the camera took photos of the land below. This would allow our soldiers to see where the enemies were and what they were doing.So next time you see a pigeon, stop and watch it closely. What might look like an ordinary bird to most people, might actually be helpful.1. Which part of the carrier pigeon

26、 is the can tied to?A. The pigeon ' s back.B. The pigeon' s head.C. The pigeon ' s neck.D. The pigeon ' s leg.2. What kind of people can the carrier pigeons find?A. The people in orange life jackets at sea.B. The people in red jackets in the boats.C. The people swimming in the ocean.

27、D. The people lost in the mountains.3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. A pigeon could predict what the weather would be likeB. A pigeon was tied with a small camera around its leg.C. A pigeon could help us to know the number of the enemy.D. A pigeon carried the

28、camera to take photos of the enemy land.4. What kind of jobs are mentioned for a carrier pigeon?A. A mailman, a lifeguard and a spy.B. A trainer, a spy and a police officer.C. A soldier, a police officer and a mailman.D. A farmer, a weather reporter and a lifeguard.5. What is the purpose of writing this article?A. To make readers like pigeons more.B. To teach readers about the lives of wild pigeons.C. To tell readers