中考英語專題-冠詞-考點(diǎn)歸納+隨堂練習(xí)

1、中考英語專題-冠詞-考點(diǎn)歸納+隨堂練習(xí)【考點(diǎn)1-不定冠詞】不定冠詞的用法用法例句用法例句用于第一次提到的人或物的名稱前Thisisausefulbook.這是一本有用的書。泛指一類人或事物，以區(qū)別于其他種類Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飛機(jī)是一種能飛的機(jī)器。泛指某人或某物Ayoungmaniswaitingforyou.一位年輕人在等你。用于表示時(shí)間、速度、價(jià)格等意義的名詞前，表示每一”Wegoswimmingthreetimesamonth.我們每月去游泳三次。用在序數(shù)詞前表示又一，再一”Thecakeisdelicious,andI'likeasecondo

2、ne.這個(gè)蛋糕很美味,我想再要一個(gè)。固定搭配Takeaphoto照相havealook看一看haveatry試一試haveacold感冒haveawalk散步havearest休息takeabus乘坐公交車inahurry匆忙forawhile一會(huì)兒keepadiaryt己日t己haveagood/greattime玩得愉快不定冠詞a和an的區(qū)別a用在以輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前，an用在以元音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前。常見的以元音音素開頭的單詞前用a/an的情況如下：Aaanapple/anartist/anaunt/anAsiancountry/anAmericangirlE

3、eaEuropeancountry/anegg/anEnglishdictionary/an11-year-oldboyIianidea/aninterestingstoryOoAnoldman/anoutgoinggirl/anorangeUuanumbrella/ausefulbook/auniversitystudent/aUFO/ausualstory/anuglyman/anuncle/anunhappysmile/anunusualday特另I記憶：anhour/anhonestman【考點(diǎn)2-定冠詞】用法例詞或例句用于雙方都知道的人或事物前Givemethebook,please

4、.請(qǐng)把那本書給我。指一類人或事物中特定的人或事物一Doyouknowthegirlingreen?你知道穿綠衣服的那個(gè)女孩嗎？Sheisourmonitor.她是我們的班長。特指的或上文提到過的人或物Therewasamaninthehotel.Themanlookedverytired.旅館里有一個(gè)人。那個(gè)人看上去很疲憊。用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前thesun太陽；themoon月亮；theearth地球用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)前thefirsttime第次；theyoungest最年輕的用在與play連用的樂器名稱前playthepiano/guitar/violin/drum彈鋼琴/彈

5、吉他/拉小提琴/打鼓用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示一家人或夫婦theGreens格林一家/夫婦用于江河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠等專有名詞前，或由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞之前theGreatWall長城；theSummerPalace頤和園；theScienceMuseum科學(xué)博物館；theFriendshipStore友誼商店用在方位名詞前inthesouth在南方；ontheright在右邊常見搭配atthesametime同時(shí);bytheway順便問一下;inthepast在過去;inthedark在黑日厝中;intheway擋道，礙事;inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處;intheend在最后;

6、intheopenair在戶夕卜；gotothecinema看電影;allthesame仍然；thenumberof的數(shù)目【考點(diǎn)3-零冠詞】用法例詞一日三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、語言、學(xué)科、棋類、游戲等名詞前aftersupper晚飯后；playfootball踢足球；learnEnglish學(xué)英語；playchess下國際象棋與by連用的交通工具名稱前bytrain乘火車；bybus乘公共汽車人名、地名等專有名詞前BeijingStreet北京大街節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié)前Teacher'Day教師節(jié)；Sunday星期天；January一月；summer夏天名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、

7、疑問代詞或名詞所有格修飾時(shí)thisbook這本書；myson我的兒子；Jack'bike杰克的自行車常見固定搭配onfoot步行；gotoschool去上學(xué)；dayandnight夜以2H日；bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；onholiday在度假athome在家;atfirst/last首先/最后;intime及時(shí);handinhand手拉手;onearth究竟，到底;indanger在危險(xiǎn)中【注意】節(jié)日前一般不加冠詞，但一般我國含有"Festival”的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前要加the。如：theSpringFestival春節(jié)?！倦S堂練習(xí)】1 .DoyouknowYeShiwen?Yes

8、,sheisOlympicswimmingstar.Shestartedswimmingatageofsix.A.an;anB.a;theC.the;anD.an;the2 .一DoyouknowRobert?Yes,heisuniversitystudent.Helikessportsandrunsforhoureverymorning.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a3 .JohnoftenreadsEnglishinevening.A.aB.anC.theD./4 .YesterdayIsawfilm.Itmovedmedeeply.A.aB.anC.theD./5.Ih

9、adunusualdayonmylastschooltrip.A.aB.anC.theD./6.Theteenagershadgoodtimeinthesummercamplastyear.A.aB.anC.theD./答案：DBCABA一、英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)試卷1 .閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的(A、BC和D)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenamanwaswalkingbysomeelephants,hesuddenlystoppedHewonderedwhythesehugeanimalswerebeingheldonlybyasmallropetiedtotheirfrontlegs.N

10、ochains,nocages.Itwasclearthattheelephantscouldbreaktheropeatanytime,butforsonicreason,theydidnot.Hesawatrainernearbyandaskedwhytheanimalsjuststoodthereanddidn'ttrytogetaway."Well,"thetrainersaid,"whentheywereveryyoungandmuchsmaller,weusedthesameropetokeepthemfromrunningaway.Attha

11、tage,it'senoughtoholdthem.Astheygrowup,theyareconditionedtobelievetheycannotbreaktilerope.Theybelieveitcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree."Themanwassurprised.Theseanimalscouldbreakfleewhenevertheywanted,butbecausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,theywerestuck_rightwheretheywere.Howmanyo

12、fusgothroughlifeliketheelephants-holdingontothebeliefthatwecannotdosomethingsimplybecausewefailedatitoncebefore?Failureisapartoflearning.Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Ifwetryagainandagain,maybewewillsucceedoneday.Sodon'tbeafraidoffailureandkeepontrying.(1) Whydidtheelephantsn

13、evertrytobreaktheropeaftertheygrewup?A.Becausetheylikedbeingtied.B.Becausetheyweretooweaktobreakit.C.Becausetheydidn'twanttobreakit.D.Becausetheythoughttheycouldn'tbreakit.(2) Theunderlinedword"stuck"inParagraph3means"".A.leftB.caughtC.killedD.found(3) Whatdoesthewriterwa

14、nttotellus?A. Elephantsshouldbesetflee.B. Failurecanhelpussucceed.C. Neverletfailurestopyoufromtryingagain.D. Peopleshouldlookaftertheelephantswell.【答案】(1)DB(3)C【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了一個(gè)男人看到大象被繩子綁住了一只腳而不逃走，由此引發(fā)對(duì)人生的思考。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文提至U了Astheygrowup,theyareconditionedtobelievetheycannotbreaktilerope.Theybelievei

15、tcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree.可知大象小時(shí)候被綁住，長大了以后依然認(rèn)為繩子可以拴住他們，故選Do(2)推斷題。根據(jù)原文提到了becausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,可知他們認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)被這根繩子困住了，故選Bo(3)主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文提至U了Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Ifwetryagainandagain,maybewewillsucceedoneday.可知作者想告訴我們永遠(yuǎn)不要被困難打倒，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)起來，故選Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理

16、解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.閱讀理解Iwascute,activeandhappyuntilthatdaywhenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.Thedoctorsaidthatiftheeyewastakenout,myfacewouldlookworse,somyscaredandblindeyeliveson

17、withme.Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme.Whenthekidsplayedgames,Iwasalwaysthe"badguy".Everyonelookeddownonme.YeteverytimemomnoticedIwasunhappy,shewouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ithelpedmemoveoninlife.Asachild,Ithoughtmommeant:&q

18、uot;Becarefuloryouwillfalldownorknockintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Ialwayslookeddowntohidemyshame,butIfoundthatpeoplelikedmewhenIheldmyheaduphigh.InhighschoolIwasevenmademonitor,butoutsideIstillfeltlikeafreak(怪物).AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallyb

19、ad,Iwouldcrytomymomandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethelovethatisinside."Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣賞)myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.(1) Whathappenedtothewriterwhen

20、shewas15monthsold?A.Shewasblindinbotheyes.B.Shetriedtocatcharabbitandbrokeherleg.C.Shehadaneyediseaseandwenttoseethedoctor.D.Shefelldownonsomeglassandinjuredoneeye.(2) Peopleweretothewriterwhenshewasyoung.A.unfriendlyB.patientC.helpfulD.polite(3) WhichofthefollowingaboutthewriterisTRUEaccordingtothe

21、passage?A.Shecouldunderstandhermother'swordswhenshewasachild.B.Shealwaysheldherheaduphighwhenshewasateenager.C.Shewasconfidentbothinclassandoutsideofhighschool.D.Hermomgaveherconfidenceandfinallyshecouldlookotherpeopleintheeye.(4) Inthepassage,thewriterwantstotellusweshould.A.repayourparents'

22、;loveB.learntoacceptandappreciateourselvesC.feelsorryaboutourdisadvantagesD.alwayshavedeeploveforothers【答案】(1)DA(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】主要講了作者失明后，媽媽一直鼓勵(lì)自己要抬起頭面對(duì)世界，這給作者很大的自信，媽媽的愛讓作者知道不僅要欣賞自己，而且也要深愛別人。(1) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)whenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.可知作者1

23、5個(gè)月大時(shí)，作者跌倒在玻璃上，以至于眼睛失明了，故選D。(2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme可知人們問作者眼睛的問題，并且嘲笑作者，可知人們對(duì)作者是不友好的，故選Ao(3) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.可知媽媽的愛給了作者信心，并且能用眼睛看人，故選Do(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣賞)myselfbutalsotoh

24、avedeeploveforothers.可知我們應(yīng)該欣賞并且接受自己，故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。3.閱讀理解NowsomewomenarespendingaweekendatMother'sCamp(營地).There,husbandsandchildrenarenotallowed.Whywouldawomanwanttotakeavacationwithoutherfamily?Somewomensaytheyneedtimetobealone.AtMother'sCampawomanhasroomforherself.Shec

25、ansleep,readorwatchTV,andnoonewillbotherher.Nochildrenwillask,“Mom,what'sfordinner?”Nohusbandwillsay,can'tfindanycleansocks."Infactalmost50%ofwomenintheUnitedStatesworkoutsidethehome.Manyofthemworkfull-timeandthencomehomeforasecondjobtakingcareoftheirhomesandfamilies.Theseworkingwomensa

26、yoneoftheirbiggestproblemsishousework.IntheUnitedStates,workingwivesdoabout75%ofthehousework.Manyoftheirhusbandssaytheywanttohelp.Butthentheyburnthericeortheycan'tfindthepans.Theyasksomanyquestionsthattheirwivesdecideitiseasiertodothejobthemselves.SomewomengotoMother'sCampjusttogetabreakfrom

27、housework.Fortwodaystheydon'tcook,theydon'tcleanandtheydon'tlookaftertheirchildrenandhusbands.Whatdotheydo?Theyenjoywarm,sunnyweather,walking,swimmingorboatinginaclearbluelakeandsingsongsaroundthecampfire.Theyrelaxawayfromhome.TheyhaveareallywonderfulvacationatMother'sCamp.(11) Fromt

28、hispassagewecanseeintheUnitedStates.A.womenwanttoworkoutsidethehomeB.workingwivesdomostofthehouseworkC.husbandsdoasmuchhouseworkastheirwivesD.womendonotliketostayathomewiththeirfamilies(12) AtMother'sCamp,womencan't.A.watchTVB.readnewspapersC.swiminthelakeD.bringtheirhusbandsandchildren(13)

29、Whywouldsomemothersliketobealone?Because.A.theydon'tliketheirhusbandsandchildrenB.theyhavetoworkfull-timeC.theyaretoobusytorelaxthemselvesD.theywantanewlife(14) isoneofthebiggesttroublesforworkingwivesintheUnitedStates.A.HouseworkB.WorkingoutsidethehomeC.WhentotakeavacationD.Lookingaftertheirchi

30、ldren(15) What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.BusyWorkingMothersB.HowtoBuyGiftsforMothersC.MothersRelaxAwayFromHomeD.MothersintheUS【答案】(1)BD(3) C(4) AC【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介紹了美國一些工作的母親參加?jì)寢尃I地”從家務(wù)中解脫出來，放松一下。(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)IntheUnitedStates,workingwivesdoabout75%ofthehousework.可知美國工作的妻子做大部分家務(wù)，故選Bo(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)No

31、wsomewomenarespendingaweekendatMother'sCamp(營地).There,husbandsandchildrenarenotallowed.可知在媽媽營地“婦女不帶他們的丈夫和孩子，故選D。(3) 推理判斷題。根據(jù)SomewomengotoMother'sCampjusttogetabreakfromhousework.和Theyrelaxawayfromhome.可知一些母親喜歡單獨(dú)待著是因?yàn)樗麄円驗(yàn)樘α硕鴽]有時(shí)間放松，故選Co(4) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theseworkingwomensayoneoftheirbiggestproblems

32、ishousework.可知在美國對(duì)于工作的妻子來說，最大的麻煩是家務(wù)，故選Ao(5) 標(biāo)題歸納題。本文介紹了一些工作的母親參加?jì)寢尃I地”從家務(wù)中解脫出來，放松一下，故選Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】對(duì)閱讀理解能力的測(cè)試是英語考試中必不可少的測(cè)試項(xiàng)目，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)于不同體裁或不同題材語言材料的理解能力，以及通過材料的閱讀，對(duì)材料中信息的捕獲能力。首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料。其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找

33、、捕獲有關(guān)信息。要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性。對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。4.閱讀理解Whatproblemsdotheteenagersprobablyhave?Hereisasurveyshowingtheirmainproblems:ProblemsCausesAdviceFeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.Makeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Finetimetorelaxaspos

34、sibleasyoucan.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.Dohomeworkandreadinacorrectway.FightsDon'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.Makemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.Shareyourproblemswiththem.FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.Don'tbecrazyaboutcomputerga

35、mesPlaythemjustforashorttimewhenyouwanttorelax.GettingfatHavealotofpocketmoneytobuysnacks.Dislikedoingexercise.Useyourpocketmoneytodosomethingmeaningful.Spendsometimedoingexerciseeveryday.(1) Whatproblemsarecausedbytoomuchhomework?A. Feelingstressedandfights.B. Feelingtiredofstudyandgettingfat.C. Fe

36、elingstressedandgettingshort-sighted.D. Gettingshort-sightedandfeelingtiredofstudy.(2) IfSimonisfeelingstressed,heshould.A. domuchmorehomeworkB. makeaplantospendtimeonstudyandhobbiesC. donatehispocketmoneytoProjectHopeD. buysomesnacks(3) Peteristiredofstudy,maybebecausehe.A.hasnoclosefriendsB.hasnop

37、ocketmoneyC.playstoomanycomputergamesD.getsfatterandfatter(4) isagoodwayforteenagerstostopfights.A.DoinglesshomeworkB.PlayingcomputergamesC.LearninghowtomakefriendsD.Payingnoattentiontoeachother【答案】(1)CB(3) C(4) C【解析】【分析】主要講了關(guān)于青少年可能有的問題的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)FeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveeno

38、ughtimefortheirhobbies.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.可知太多的作業(yè)會(huì)導(dǎo)致感覺有壓力和變近視，故選C。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一行AdviceMakeaplanforstudyandhobbies.可知制定學(xué)習(xí)和愛好計(jì)劃，故選B。(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.可知厭惡學(xué)習(xí)的原因是電腦的壞的影響，故選Co(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)FightsMakemorefriendsandunderstandeacho

39、ther.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故選a【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。(5) 讀理解Weallknowthatmanywomenliketoweardresses.Theyenjoymanykindsofcolourfulandpopulardresses.Buthaveyoueverheardofa4Ddress?JessicaRosenkrantzintheUSAused3Dprintingtechnologytomakeaveryspecialandnewdress.Itwillhelpwiththeproblemsofdifferents

40、tylesofwomen'sdresses.Thedressmakercalledthespecialdressa"4Ddress"".Itislikethefabric(織物).Itcanturnintodifferentkindsofshapes.Thecompany,inMassachusetts,theUSA,alsomadeasmartphoneandanapp(應(yīng)用).Theycanhelpwomentocontroltheirdresses.Ifwomenusethephoneandtheapp,theycanchangethecolour,

41、thestyleandmanyotherthingsofthedresses.Isn'titveryinteresting?Whenshetalkedaboutherwork,Jessicasaid,"Therewillbemanymorechangeabledressesforwomeninthefuture.Iaminterestedinmakingthemtoo,Ican'twaittomakedifferentkindsofnewdressesforwomen."(1) Whatwillthe4Ddressdoforwomen?A.Itwillmakewomenrelaxthemselvesalot.B.Itwillturnintodifferentstylesforwomen.C.Itwillhelpwomenkeepthinandbeautiful.D.Itwillhelpwomenfindgoodjobseasily.(2) Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inthepassagereferto?A.The4D