【步步高】(江蘇專用)2022高考英語一輪復習-Unit-4-Helping-people-around-the-world講義-牛津譯林版選修6

1、Unit 4 Helping people around the world話題詞匯1.virtue n.美德2.serve v.效勞3.rewarding adj.得到回報的4.friendship n.友誼5.do good deeds做好事6.the disabled殘疾人7.contribute to為作奉獻8.show care for關心9.give up seats讓座10.be ready to help others樂于助人經典語篇假設你是寧德市某中學高三(1)班班長，你得知，你班王偉同學昨天下午放學回家路上看到一位老奶奶摔倒在地，他立刻將她扶到平安的地方，同時撥打了120，

2、使老奶奶得到了及時救治。請你就此事建議全班同學向他學習。建議要點如下：1.簡述王偉的事跡；2.發(fā)表感想；3.提出建議。注意：1.可根據提示適當展開，以使行文連貫；2.詞數150左右；3.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。Dear classmates，I am more than pleased to share with you Wang Weis story. Thats all.Thank you.佳作欣賞Dear classmates，I am more than pleased to share with you Wang Weis story.On his way home yest

3、erday afternoon，Wang Wei noticed an old lady fall to the ground and went up to her help without hesitation. After helping her to safety，he dialed 120 and the granny got timely treatment in hospital.I was deeply impressed by what Wang Wei had done.There is no doubt that such a deed should be encourag

4、ed.Firstly，it has been one of the traditional Chinese virtues to help those in trouble.Secondly，people nowadays seem to be getting more and more unwilling to help others，especially the aged. Therefore，Wang Weis behavior is of great significance in awakening peoples awareness of helping others. Third

5、ly，it is our duty to make our world a more harmonious place，where everyone can enjoy his life.In short，I strongly suggest that all of us should learn from Wang Wei and always be ready to help others.With everyone doing his or her part，we can make a difference.Thats all.Thank you.思維發(fā)散1.用“onv.­in

6、g改寫第句On his way home yesterday afternoon，on seeing an old lady fall to the ground，Wang Wei went up to her help without hesitation.2.仿照第句翻譯句子孩子們好似正在房間里吃東西呢。The children seemed to be eating something in the room.3.用count改寫第句Therefore，Wang Weis behavior counts a lot in awakening peoples awareness of he

7、lping others.重點單詞A.寫作單詞1.voluntary (adj.)志愿的；自愿的，主動的2.contribute (vt.& vi.)捐獻，捐贈，捐助；奉獻；促成，導致3.acquire (vt.)購得；獲得，得到4.expand (vi.& vt.)擴展，開展(業(yè)務)；擴大，增強5.starvation (n.)饑餓；挨餓；餓死6.means (n.)手段，方法7 mitment (n.)承諾，保證；投入，奉獻；不得不做的事8.remind (vt.)提醒，使想起9.lack (n.& vt.)缺乏lacking (adj.)缺乏的，匱乏的10.des

8、cription (n.)描寫(文字)，形容，說明describe (vt.)描述，形容11.alternative (adj.)可供替代的；(n.)可供選擇的事物alternatively (adv.)要不，或者；兩者擇一地12.worthy (adj.)令人敬重的；值得的，相稱的；有價值的worth (adj.)值得；值錢； (n.)價值worthwhile (adj.)重要的；令人愉快的；值得花時間(或花錢、努力等)的13.equal (adj.)平等的；同等的；(n.)同等的人；相等物；(vt.)與相同或相等equally (adv.)相等地；同樣地equality (n.)相等，平等

9、14.urgent (adj.)緊急的，緊迫的urgency (n.)緊急，急迫urge (vt.)敦促，力勸；竭力主張；(n.)強烈的欲望，沖動15.possession (n.)個人財產；擁有，具有possess (vt.)具有，擁有；支配16.troublesome (adj.)麻煩的，討厭的，棘手的trouble (n.)麻煩；困難；(vt.)麻煩；使煩惱B.閱讀單詞17.ambassador (n.)大使18.fetch (vt.)售得，賣得(某價)；取來19.victim (n.)受害者20.remote (adj.)偏遠的，偏僻的21.charity (n.)慈善機構；賑濟；仁愛

10、22.mountainous (adj.)多山的23.poverty (n.)貧窮，貧困24.primitive (adj.)原始的25.obtain (vt.)(尤指經努力)獲得；贏得26.wage (n.)(通常指按周領的)工資27.chaos (n.)混亂，雜亂，紊亂28.colleague (n.)同事29.assistant (n.)助理，助手；(adj.)助理的，副的30.muddy (adj.)多泥的，泥濘的31.damp (adj.)潮濕的32.shelter (n.)住所，藏身之處33.staff (n.)全體員工34.barrier (n.)障礙，隔膜；屏障，障礙物35.i

11、nterpreter (n.)口譯工作者，口譯譯員36.angle (n.)角度37.political (adj.)政治的；政府的politics (n.)政治(學)politician (n.)從政者，政治家38.export (n.)出口產品，輸出品；出口，輸出；(vt.& vi.)出口，輸出import (n.& vt.)進口，輸入39.vacant (adj.)空著的，未被占用的；(職位)空缺的vacancy (n.)(職位的)空缺；空職.重點短語1.refer to談及，提到；與相關，涉及；查閱，參考2.in addition除以外(還)，此外3.draw ones

12、 attention to使(某人)發(fā)覺到4.under the umbrella of在的保護下，在的管理下5.look up查閱；抬頭往上看6.out of work失業(yè)7.in need在困難中，在危急中8.break down出故障；拋錨；(談判等)失??；(健康等)垮掉9.in chaos處于混亂狀態(tài)10.get hold of得到；抓住11.remind sb.of讓某人想起，提醒某人12.think back to回想，追憶13.make a difference有作用(關系、影響).經典句式1.As you know，the UN touches the lives of peo

13、ple everywhere.正如你們所知，聯合國觸及世界各地人們的生活。2.I would rather you hadnt told me about it.我寧愿你還沒有把那件事告訴我。3.If only I were a Goodwill Ambassador!要是我是親善大使多好！1(1)lack sth.缺少某物lack of缺少 (名詞短語)(2)for lack of因缺少no lack of.充足的(3)lacking adj.缺乏的，缺乏的be lacking in.be short of.在方面缺乏(1) Lack of sleep could put the birds

14、 health at risk.缺乏睡眠可能使得鳥類健康處于危險。(2022·四川)(2)Despite his lack of experience，he got the job.他雖然經驗缺乏，但還是獲得了這份工作。(3)He said there was no lack of things for them to talk about.他說他們有大量要討論的東西。多維訓練(1)完成句子He was set free for lack of (因缺少) evidence.Though lacking money(盡管缺錢)，his parents managed to send

15、him abroad for further study.Now the problem is that we are lacking in new ideas(缺乏新思想).(2)It is reported that money makes lots of teenagers stay at home.A.short of B.shy ofC.lack of D.lacking of答案C解析句意為：據報道缺錢使得很多青少年呆在家里。A、B兩項是形容詞，不能作主語；D項去掉of才可以構成動名詞作主語。2應試指導完型填空及寫作詞匯(1)be worthy of sth./of being d

16、one/to be done值得(做)某事(2)worthwhile adj.重要的；令人愉快的；值得花時間(或花錢、努力等)的Its worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事be worthn.值得，值(3)worth adj.值得的；值錢的；n.價值be worth doing sth.值得做某事 特別提醒worthy可作前置定語，而worth不能；worth一般只作表語，可用程度副詞well修飾。(1)To support these worthy causes，Ashoka provides money for the worlds most promising

17、 “changemakers.為了支持這些重要的事業(yè)，Ashoka為世界上最有潛力的“changemakers提供資金支持。(2022·安徽)(2)He realized he would take a loss by selling the house to us，but it was worthwhile.他意識到把房子賣給我們他會有金錢上的損失，但是這值得。(2022·天津)(3)This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimen

18、tation.也許會讓你驚訝，但是讓烹飪值得你花時間的最好的方式就是通過反復試驗。 (2022·新課標全國)多維訓練(1)用worth，worthwhile，worthy填空The factory is worth visiting.The factory is worthy of a visit.The factory is worthy of being visited.The factory is worthy to be visited.Its worthwhile visiting the factory.(2)翻譯句子依我看來，讓學生更多的接觸社會活動是值得的。(wort

19、hwhile，expose sb.to sth.)In my opinion，its worthwhile to expose/exposing students to more social activities.(3) a distinctive scenic spot worth ，Yangzhou，a friendly city，appeals to visitors from all over the world.A.Considered；visitedB.Considered；visitingC.Considering；visitingD.Considering；being vis

20、ited答案B解析句意為：揚州被認為是一個獨一無二的值得參觀的場所、一個友好的城市，吸引了來自全世界各地的游客。consider考慮、認為，句子的主語是其動作承受者，應用過去分詞作狀語；be worthdoing sth.值得做某事。appeal to 吸引。應選B。3equal adj.相同的，相等的；平等的；相當的；能勝任的；n.同等的人；相等物；vt.與相等，等于；比得上；抵得過應試指導一詞多義(1)be equal in在方面比得上be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；與相等；勝任勝任的表達：be fit for；be adequate for；be qualif

21、ied for；be up toon equal terms在對等的條件下(2)without equal/have no equal無與倫比(3)equally adv.相等地，同等地(1)I am quite sure he is equal to the task.我很確定他能勝任這個任務。(2)In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal.事實上，當說到戰(zhàn)爭藝術時，螞蟻是無與倫比的。(2022·安徽)(3)An equally important quality is tolerance.一個同等重要的品

22、質是容忍。(2022·湖南)多維訓練(1)They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine a college years monthly rent.A.shared B.paidC.equaled D.collected答案C解析句意為：他們所預定的飯店里一瓶酒的價格相當于大學一個月的租金。equal與相等或相同，符合語境。(2)Do you think he is the only person for the job?Im not quite sure but hell prove

23、to the task.A.equal B.essentialC.special D.superior答案A解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：你認為他是這個工作的唯一人選嗎？我不確定，但他終會勝任這份工作的。equal相當的，(力量、勇氣、能力等方面)能勝任的；essential重要的，本質的；special特別的，專門的；superior優(yōu)秀的；be equal to (doing) sth.能勝任(做)某事，故該題正確答案為A。4應試指導(1)by no means位于句首時倒裝(2)交際用語by all means的用法by means of用方法；借助by all means務必，一定；

24、盡一切方法；當然可以by any means無論如何by no means絕不，一點也不表示“絕不的短語：in no case；in no way；on no account；at no time放在句首時，句子用局部倒裝。(1)The burglars entered the house by means of a ladder.竊賊用梯子爬進了這所房子。(2)By no means is this the first time you have been late.這絕不是你第一次遲到。(3)Furthermore，punishment is by no means a wise choi

25、ce to help them grow up mentally and physically.而且，懲罰絕不是幫助他們身心健康成長的明智選擇。特別提醒means為單復數同形。作主語且有every，each，one等詞修飾時，謂語動詞用單數；有all，some，several，many等詞修飾時謂語動詞用復數。 多維訓練(1)用上述短語的適當形式填空He succeeded by means of perseverance.Try by all means/by any means to save the dying.By no means should we pursue our goals

26、 at the cost of health.(2)用所給詞的適當形式填空They tried all means，which they thought possibly are(be) helpful，but unfortunately not a means has(have) worked so far.(3)Without the friction(摩擦力) between feet and the ground，people would be able to walk.A.in no time B.by all meansC.on any account D.in no way答案D

27、解祈in no time 很快；by all means當然可以，一定，務必；on any account 在任何情況下；in no way絕不。句意為：沒有腳和地面的摩擦，人們就不能行走。5應試指導一詞多義；非謂語形式(referred；referring)的考查(1)refer.to.把提交給，讓參考refer to.as.把稱為(2)in/with reference to關于for reference以備查閱(1)When you talk about a persons origin，you are referring to the country，race，or social cl

28、ass of their parents or ancestors.當你們在談論一個人的出身的時候，你們是在談論他的國家、種族、父母親的或者袓先的社會地位。(2)If you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary.如果你不懂這個單詞確實切意思，你可以查閱此字典。(3)Coal is usually referred to as a fossil fuel.煤通常被稱為礦物燃料。(4)In reference to your letter yesterday，we cant accept t

29、he offer.關于你昨天的來信，我們不能接受信中的建議。多維訓練(1)用refer的適當形式填空We all demanded the new type of machine referred to be used as soon as possible.Ive attached a copy of my article to the letterjust for your reference.(2)The new president spoke at the APFC meeting for nearly an hour without his notes.A.bringing up B

30、.looking forC.trying on D.referring to答案D解析句意為：新任總裁在APFC會議上脫稿演講了近一個小時。bring up撫養(yǎng)，嘔吐；look for尋找；try on試穿，試驗；refer to參考，涉及。根據句意選D項。6多維訓練(1)用所給詞的適當形式填空He had no alternative but to wait(wait).He did nothing but wait(wait).He had nothing to do but wait(wait).He did have no choice but to wait(wait).(2)In

31、face of trouble，although I feel disappointed about where I am，I still think about where I am going.A.optimistically B.controversiallyC.conventionally D.alternatively答案A解析句意為：面對困難，雖然對于自己的處境感到失望，但我還是對自己的將來持樂觀的態(tài)度。optimistically樂觀地；controversially相互矛盾地；conventionally傳統地，習慣上；alternatively作為一種選擇，二者擇一地。故A項

32、正確。7多維訓練(1)用適當的介詞填空They found shelter from the storm in a barn.Under the shelter of a tent，a crowd is gathered for a brunch.They sheltered from a downpour under a tree.(2)Some parents are just too protective.They want to their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.A.spot B.dismissC.shelter

33、 D.distinguish答案C解析句意為：一些父母對孩子太過于保護。他們想保護自己的孩子免遭任何真實的或他們想象的危險。shelter做動詞可表示“保護；庇護，符合題意。spot弄臟，認出，發(fā)現，定位；dismiss開除，使解散；distinguish區(qū)別。8多維訓練(1)用所給詞的適當形式填空In addition to giving(give) me some advice，he gave me some money.The teacher，in addition to his students，was (be) interested in the book.This was an a

34、dditional(addition) proof of his ignorance.(2) the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.(2022·天津，6)A.In reply to B.In addition toC.In charge of D.In place of答案B解析考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：除了學校，村子里還有一個診所，也是由政府扶持建立的。由后面also一詞可知，應填in addition to“除之外還有。(3) the works of Le

35、onardo da Vinci，the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings，ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century.A.Except for B.ExceptC.In addition D.Apart from答案D解析except for從整體中排除細節(jié)局部；except 排除(在整體以外)；in addition toapart frombesides 除了以外(還)。句意為：除了達芬奇的作品，羅浮宮里還藏有其他歐洲畫家從13世紀到19世紀創(chuàng)作的6

36、000余件作品。9多維訓練(1)完成句子這個故事使我想起了中學生時的經歷。This story reminds me of my experience when I was a middle school student.我可以提醒你做作業(yè)嗎？Can I remind you to do your homework?(2)Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to the soul of Qu Yuan.(2022·江蘇，33)A.remember B.remindC.recover D.recall

37、答案D解析考查動詞詞義辨析。句意為：傳說端午節(jié)的起源是為了召回屈原的靈魂。remember記住；remind提醒；recover康復，使恢復；recall召回。10多維訓練(1)完成句子只有這樣我們才能影響我們所生活的星球。Only in this way can we make a difference to the planet we live in.他來與不來這里對我來說關系不大。It makes no difference to me whether he comes here or not.(2)Experience doesnt always to the problem we a

38、re faced with.A.make a choice B.make a differenceC.make up D.make out答案B解析make a choice做出選擇；make a difference起作用，有影響，有意義；make up組成，編造，化裝；make out理解，識別出。句意為：經驗并不總是能解決你所面臨的問題。11As you know，the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.正如你們所知，聯合國觸及各地人們的生活。(1)as引導限制性定語從句，從句前必須出現such，as，so，the same結構。(2)

39、as引導非限制性定語從句，指代主句的內容，在從句中作主語或賓語。(1)Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.他所推薦的人是可靠的。(2)We were sitting，as I remember，in a riverside restaurant.我記得我們當時是坐在一個河畔的餐館里。多維訓練(1)一句多譯我們都知道，地球圍著太陽轉。As is known to us all，the earth turns around the sun.(as)It is known to us all that the earth turn

40、s around the sun.(it)What is known to us all is that the earth turns around the sun.(what)(2)The number of smokers， is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2022·江蘇，21)A.it B.whichC.what D.as答案D解析考查定語從句。句意為：據報道，吸煙者的數量在一年內下降了17%。as引導非限制性定語從句，意為“正如，符合句意，應選D項。12If only I were a Good

41、will Ambassador！要是我是親善大使多好！(1)if only意為“但愿，要是就好了。主要用于虛擬語氣中，常用以表達強烈的愿望或非真實條件。表示與現在事實相反的愿望用過去時；表示與過去事實相反的愿望用過去完成時；表示與將來事實相反的愿望用would/could/mightdo。(2)only if.只有，if引導條件狀語從句，從句不用虛擬語氣，置于句首時，主句要用倒裝語序。(1)The picture exhibition bored me to death.If only I hadnt gone to it.畫展讓我厭煩至死，如果我沒有來看展覽就好了。(2) If only I

42、 could stay in Spain as an exchange student!要是我能夠在西班牙做一名交換生就好了！(2022·廣東)(3)Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room.只有得到老師的允許，學生才能進入這個房間。多維訓練(1)用所給詞的適當形式填空If only she had lived(live) a little longer!If only everyone here were(be) honest.(2)What a pity！The b

43、us has just left.Oh， I had come to the stop five minutes earlier.A.only if B.if onlyC.only just D.not only答案B解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：真遺憾！公共汽車剛剛離開。哦，要是我早5分鐘來車站就好了。 if only 表示“要是就好了，引導表示虛擬語氣的句子。(3)Only if people of all the countries are united the existing problems.A.can we solve B.we can solveC.did we solve D.w

44、e solved答案A解析考查倒裝。句意為：只有當所有國家的人民都聯合起來的時候我們才能解決現有的問題?！皁nly狀語從句放在句首，主句要用倒裝語序，且根據題干中的are可知，應用一般現在時，因此選A。微寫作寫作素材(關于貧困問題)1.現在仍然有很多人生活在貧困線以下。2.他們缺衣少食。3.幸運地是，政府正在想盡一切方法幫助他們，公眾也向他們捐款。4.另外，許多年輕人做志愿工作，到偏遠地區(qū)教孩子們讀書。提示：黑體局部用本單元詞匯表達。連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)Nowadays many people still live in poverty and they lack

45、 food and clothes.Luckily，the government is trying every means to help them and the public also contribute money to them.In addition，many young people do some voluntary work to teach children in the remote areas.單項填空1.In order to make contributions to the protection of the environment，the company en

46、courages its workforce to make the switch to means of transportation such as carpooling or biking to reduce air pollution.A.primitive B.systematicC.potential D.alternative答案D解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：為了給環(huán)保作奉獻，公司鼓勵全體員工改變交通方式以減少空氣污染，如拼車或騎自行車。alternative兩者擇一的，可替代的，符合句意。primitive原始的；systematic有系統的，有條理的；potential潛

47、在的，可能的。2.The survivors of the crashed plane had no food or water and were the extreme cold weather.A.at the risk of B.in the charge ofC.at the mercy of D.in the possession of答案C解析根據句意可知，這些空難的幸存者沒有水和食物，在極度寒冷的天氣里很無助。at the risk of冒著的危險；in the charge of在的管理之下；at the mercy of任擺布，在前毫無方法；in the possession

48、 of擁有，持有。C項符合題意。3.May I try the jacket on? ，but I think it will be too large for you.A.That all dependsB.By all meansC.With pleasureD.Youre welcome答案B解析考查情景交際。句意為：我能試一下這個夾克嗎？當然可以，但是我覺得你穿著太大了。That all depends視情況而定；By all means一定，當然可以；With pleasure樂意效勞；Youre welcome不客氣。應選B。4.Would you please make up a

49、 topic worth in tomorrows conference?A.discussing B.to be discussedC.to discussed D.being discussed答案A解析worth.作后置定語，修飾a topic；worth后常用doing，主動形式表被動含義。5.Running a company is not a matter of hiring peoplethey also need to be trained.A.simply B.partlyC.seriously D.equally答案A解析句意為：經營公司不僅僅是一個雇傭人的問題這些人也需要

50、培訓。simply簡單地，僅僅；partly局部地；seriously嚴肅認真地；equally平等地。6.The story shows that knowledge of first aid can make real difference.A.the；the；/ B.a；/；aC./；the；a D.a；/；/答案B解析考查冠詞的用法及固定搭配。句意為：這個故事說明有了急救知識確實能起很大的作用。knowledge是不可數名詞，一般前面不能加不定冠詞，但a knowledge of sth.掌握某方面的知識，前面需加a；first aid前面不用加冠詞；make a difference

51、有影響，有關系，是固定短語，應選B項。7.I didnt see you at the concert last week.What a pity!If only I the time.A.afford B.affordedC.had afforded D.would afford答案C解析考查虛擬語氣。句意為：很遺憾！上周的音樂會上沒有看到你。如果我能抽得出時間就好了。從第一句話看出答話者沒有去聽音樂會，根據答語可知，此處是對過去情況的虛擬，因此選C。8.The landlady had a few rooms to rent for the students.A.empty B.blank

52、C.vacant D.hollow答案C解析empty里面未放東西的；blank空白的；vacant未被占用的，空著的；hollow中空的。根據句意可知C項正確。9. the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.(2022·湖南，33)A.If only B.AfterC.Although D.In case答案C解析句意為：雖然這份工作要花大量的時間，但大多數學生都同意這次經歷是值得的。句中的a significant amount of

53、 time與worth it之間構成比照，故用although引導讓步狀語從句。10.Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a of exercise.A.limit B.lackC.need D.demand答案B解析句意為：健康問題與不良的飲食習慣和缺乏鍛煉息息相關。lack 缺乏，符合句意。limit限制；need需要；demand需求。11. As far as Im concerned，walking is a cheap，safe and enjoyable form of exercise

54、. ，its environmentally friendly.A.In addition B.On the contraryC.In return D.As a result答案A解析句意為：據我所知，走路是一種廉價、平安、令人愉快的鍛煉方式，此外，它還很環(huán)保。in addition 此外；on the contrary相反；in return 作為回報；as a result因此，所以。12.It was unwise of him to the unreliable data in his speech.A.refer to B.add toC.belong to D.point to答案A解析句意為：他在演講中提及不可靠的數據的做法是不明智的。refer to提及，參考，查閱；add to增添；belong to屬于；point to指向。根據句意可知應選A項。13.Call me at 9：00.I cant afford to miss such a conference.Dont worry，sir.Youll surely be .A.reminded B.warnedC.informed D.remembered答案