大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文書信類（課堂PPT）

1、1四級(jí)作文書信類2 分類 書信是一種應(yīng)用非常廣泛的應(yīng)用文形式之一.英文書信的種類很多.按照文體來分,可分為兩大類,一類是私人書信(personal letters),另一類是事務(wù)書信(business letters).根據(jù)用途來分,常見的書信有申請(qǐng)信、投訴信、道歉信、咨詢信、建議信和說明信等等. 格式3 信封的格式(The format of envelopes) 在信封正面左上方寫下發(fā)信人姓名、地址(也可寫在信封的背面),在信封中間偏右一點(diǎn),寫下收信人的姓名、地址.姓名單獨(dú)占一行,英文地址的寫法與中文完全不同，地址的名稱按從小到大的順序：第一行寫門牌號(hào)碼和街名；第二行寫縣、市、省、州、郵編

2、、國(guó)名. 郵票貼在信封的右上角.4 Li Ming Chinese Department Beijing University Beijing, P.R. China Mrs Mary Smith 26 Long Street London, N. W. 16 Great Britain5 書信格式 一封完整的書信應(yīng)包括寄信人的地址和日期;收信人的姓名和地址;稱呼;正文;結(jié)尾和簽名. 1、信頭（Heading）指發(fā)信人的姓名（單位名稱）、地址和日期，一般寫在信紙的右上角。一般公函或商業(yè)信函的信紙上都印有單位或公司的名稱、地址、電話號(hào)碼等，因此就只需在信頭下面的右邊寫上寫信日期就可以了。 日期的

3、寫法，如1997年7月30日，英文為：July 30，1997（最為普遍）； July 30th，1997；30th July，1997; 30 July, 1997等。1997不可寫成97。 2、信內(nèi)地址（Inside Address）在一般的社交信中，信內(nèi)收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公務(wù)信函中不能。將收信人的姓名、地址等寫在信頭日期下方的左角上，要求與對(duì)信頭的要求一樣，不必再寫日期。 6 3、稱呼（Salutation）是寫信人對(duì)收信人的稱呼用語(yǔ)。位置在信內(nèi)地址下方一、二行的地方，從該行的頂格寫起，在稱呼后面一般用逗號(hào)（英國(guó)式），也可以用冒號(hào)（美國(guó)式）。（1）寫給親人、親戚和關(guān)系密切的朋友

4、時(shí)，用Dear或My dear再加上表示親屬關(guān)系的稱呼或直稱其名（這里指名字，不是姓氏）。例如：My dear father，Dear Tom等。（2）寫給公務(wù)上的信函用Dear Madam，Dear Sir或Gentleman（Gentlemen）。注意：Dear純屬公務(wù)上往來的客氣形式。Gentlemen總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，前不加Dear，是Dear Sir的復(fù)數(shù)形式。（3）寫給收信人的信，也可用頭銜、職位、職稱、學(xué)位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr. John Smith。 7 4、正文（Body of the Letter）位置

5、在下面稱呼語(yǔ)隔一行，是信的核心部分。因此要求正文層次分明、簡(jiǎn)單易懂。和中文信不同的是，正文中一般不用Hello！（你好?。┱挠锌s進(jìn)式和齊頭式兩種。每段書信第一行的第一個(gè)字母稍微向右縮進(jìn)些，通常以五個(gè)字母為宜，每段第二行從左面頂格寫起，這就是縮進(jìn)式。但美國(guó)人寫信各段落往往不用縮進(jìn)式，用齊頭式，即每一行都從左面頂格寫起。商務(wù)信件大都采用齊頭式的寫法.而私人信件則多用縮進(jìn)式.8 5、結(jié)束語(yǔ)（Complimentary Close）在正文下面的一、二行處，從信紙的中間偏右處開始，第一個(gè)詞開頭要大寫，句末用逗號(hào)。不同的對(duì)象，結(jié)束語(yǔ)的寫法也不同。（1）寫給家人、親戚，用Your loving grand

6、father，Yours lovingly (Lovingly yours)等；（2）寫給熟人、朋友，用Yours, Yours ever, Yours cordially (Cordially yours)，Yours affectionately (Affectionately yours)等；（3）寫業(yè)務(wù)信函用Yours truly (Truly yours), Yours faithfully (Faithfully yours), Yours sincerely (Sincerely yours)等；（4）對(duì)上級(jí)、長(zhǎng)輩用Yours obediently（Obediently your

7、s），Yours respectfully（Respectfully yours）等。 9 6、簽名（Signature）低于結(jié)束語(yǔ)一至二行，從信紙中間偏右的地方開始，在結(jié)束語(yǔ)的正下方，在簽完名字的下面還要有用打字機(jī)打出的名字，以便識(shí)別。職務(wù)、職稱可打在名字的下面。 7、附言（Postscript）一封信寫完了，突然又想起遺漏的事情，這時(shí)用P.S.表示，再寫上遺漏的話即可，要長(zhǎng)話短說。通常在信末簽名下面幾行的左方，應(yīng)于正文齊頭。注意：在正式的信函中，應(yīng)避免使用附言。 8、附件（Enclosure）信件如果有附件，可在信紙的左下角，注上Encl：或Enc：，例如：Encl：2 photos（內(nèi)附

8、兩張照片）。如果附件不止一項(xiàng)，應(yīng)寫成Encl：或Encs。10 Graduate School of Stanford University Stanford University 發(fā)信人地址 P.O. Box 616 U.S.A 寫信日期 May. 12, 2003Mr. George Wang Foreign Affairs OfficeBeijing University 收信人地址Beijing, P.R. of ChinaDear sir, 對(duì)收信人的稱呼-信的正文- 結(jié)束語(yǔ) Yours sincerely, 簽名 Li Ming 11 四六級(jí)考試中出現(xiàn)的書信作文 1. 2001年月

9、(CET4) Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write at least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in C

10、hinese. 1.表示歡迎 2.提出過度假安排的建議 3. 提醒應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)A Letter to a Schoolmate June 23,2001 Dear Xiao Wang Yours, Zhang Ying 12 June 23, 2001 Dear Xiao Wang, I am glad to hear that you will come to see me during the week-long holiday. It has been three years since we graduated from our university. I miss you very

11、much. I even cant wait to see you. Ive made a plan for this holiday. As this is the first time you come to Beijing, I think wed better have a sightseeing around it. We can visit some famous scenic spots and historical sites, such as Summer Palace, The Forbidden City, The Great Wall, etc. We can do s

12、ome shopping 13 together. There are many splendid markets and plazas in Beijing. The State Library is also a good place for us to go. By the way, since lots of people will go traveling in this holiday, it must be crowded on the train. So you should take care of your luggage. Bring more clothes with

13、you because Beijing is much colder than Kunming at this time. And dont forget to tell me when you will arrive, Ill pick you up at the airport. Miss you! Yours, Zhang Ying 14 2. 2002年月（CET4) Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the

14、 University President about the Canteen Service on Campus You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 假設(shè)你是李明，請(qǐng)你就本校食堂的狀況給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及食堂的飯菜質(zhì)量、價(jià)格、環(huán)境、服務(wù)等，可以是表?yè)P(yáng)，可以是批評(píng)建議，也可以兼而有之。 A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Cam

15、pus January 12th, 2002 Dear Mr. President, Li Ming15 Jan. 12th, 2002 Dear Mr. President, I am a student of computer science in our university. I am writing this letter to you to show about the canteen service on campus on behalf of some students of our department. Firstly, we feel we need more varie

16、ties of foods served to the students, which means every student can get the food that he thinks suitable for his pocket-money allowance. Secondly, we find it essential to elongate the opening hours of16 the canteen. A student from a class that ends at 12:00 noon may reach the canteen no sooner than

17、12:30.However, the fact is that the canteen is closed when he gets there. Thirdly, we are greatly concerned with the dining environment. We feel that student diners are entitled to a better dining environment than what they are having now. We do hope that the university authority will look into the

18、problems and solve them. Best regards, Yours sincerely Li Ming 17 3. 2003年12月（CET4) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friends inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. You should write at least 120 words according to the o

19、utline given below in Chinese: 1建議報(bào)考的專業(yè)及理由 2報(bào)考該專業(yè)的基本條件 3應(yīng)當(dāng)如何備考18 December 27th, 2003 Dear XXX, When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English. To begin with, English is the most popular languages in the world, which is widely used in all fields such

20、 as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on. Whats more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market.19 In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements. In the first place, you have to

21、 spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”. In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study. Last but not the least, you need an intense interest in learning

22、 English since “interest is the best teacher.” As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary. In addition, youd better spend some time on reading and writing. Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university. Good luck. Yo

23、urs, XXX20 4. 2005年年12月月(CET6) Directions: For this part. you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a company declining a job offer. You should write at Least 150 words following the outline given below: 1.對(duì)公司提供職位表示感謝 2.解釋為何不能接受所提供的職位 3.希望予以諒解，并表達(dá)對(duì)公司的良好祝愿. A Letter Declining a Job Offer21 Dec.

24、 27, 2005 Dear Sir or Madam, With reference to your letter on Dec. 23rd, Id like to, first of all, convey my deepest appreciation to your offering me the position of manager assistant in your company. And I am more than delighted and honored to gain your trust and assignment. However, I have to decl

25、ine this unexpected offer with all unwillingness, which mainly results from an abrupt change in my schedule. When I applied for the position a week ago, I also sent an application to Columbia University, for I hadnt yet made up my mind22 whether to start work after graduation this month. What a coin

26、cidence? I got the admittance to the graduate school of English literature in Columbia University the same day I received your letter. Weighing the pros and cons for an entire night, I determine to seize the chance for further study abroad. With my earnest apology, I do hope you can pay me due under

27、standing and forgiveness for turning down your offer. In closing, may your company have great prospects and enjoy extensive popularity. Yours sincerely, Sally23申請(qǐng)信 寫作要領(lǐng): 常見的申請(qǐng)信有求職信和求學(xué)信,即就某一個(gè)職位或入學(xué)目標(biāo)向收信人提出申請(qǐng).寫此類書信時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意詳細(xì)表述自己具體的經(jīng)歷和資歷,使書信更具說服力,從而更容易達(dá)到交際的目的. 中文模塊: 第一部分:表明寫作意圖,如有必要,可介紹職位或入學(xué)信息的來源; 第二步分:介紹

28、相關(guān)的資歷和經(jīng)歷,表明寫信人對(duì)獲得這個(gè)職位或入學(xué)資格的自信和期待; 第三部分:對(duì)收信人的考慮表示謝意,并期待回復(fù).24 模塊一: May. 15, 2006 Dear Ms. Harrison, I am writing in reply to your advertisement in The 21st Century for someone to proofread translations from English to Japanese.(寫作意圖及信息來源) At present, I am a senior in the Department of Japanese Languag

29、e at Beijing Foreign Studies University.(目前身份)Since last year, I have been working part-time for Mitsubishi, which involves me in daily use of Japanese and in translation from Japanese to Chinese and vice versa.(工作經(jīng)歷) In addition, I have never given up learning English as my second foreign language.

30、 I took the TOEFL last 25 August with the result of 660.(語(yǔ)言能力) I believe my qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate for the job.(勝任職位的信心) I would be able to take a part-time work for between 9 and 12 hours per week. (可能的工作方式) If you would like to meet me, I can be reached at 1

31、3967584938.(聯(lián)系方式) I look forward to meeting you soon.(期盼回復(fù)). Yours faithfully, XXX26 模塊二: May. 15, 2006 Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to apply for admission to your program for postgraduate studies.(寫作意圖)Enclosed with this letter are my academic record, proof of my language ability and my resume, whi

32、ch further detail my qualifications.(提供詳細(xì)個(gè)人資料) Currently, I am a senior in the Department of Economics at Nanjing University.(目前身份)For the past three years, my GPA (grade point average) has ranked top three in my college.(資歷一) Last year, my paper was admitted by one of the best journals in the field

33、 of Economics and will be published next 27 Month.(資歷二)My diligence and love for challenges have earned me several awards for excellent students in our university. (資歷三) In addition, I have taken the TOEFL test and obtained a satisfactory grade.(資歷四)Therefore, I believe I will not have difficulty in

34、 either academic studies or communication in your country.(總結(jié)) I would appreciate it if you could take my application into serious consideration.(對(duì)收信人的考慮表示感謝) Please contact me at your earliest convenience. (期待答復(fù)) Yours faithfully, XXX28 常用句型 1.表明寫信意圖的常用句型 (1) I am writing to apply for admission to

35、your college/university/program/institute (2) I am writing to express my interest in the position/opening/post/vacancy that you recently advertised. (3) I am writing in reply to your advertisement in for someone to (4) Please consider my application for the position of that you advertised in (5) I h

36、ave recently learned from that you have openings/are seeking a person to fill the vacancy for29 為收信人提供更詳細(xì)信息的常用句型 (1) I have enclosed (details of) for your convenience. (2) Enclosed is my resume, which details my qualifications and work experience. (3) I will be available for an interview anytime. (4

37、) If you would like to meet me, I would be able to come to your office shortly (5) If further information is needed, please (do not hesitate to) let me know. (6) I am ready to provide you with any further information you may need.30 表達(dá)自信的常用句型 (1) My qualifications and work experience make me a perfe

38、ct candidate/the right person for the position. (2) My personality is well suited to working as a (3) I believe I can be of significance/value to your institute/company/corporation. (4) I feel/believe/am fully convinced/am confident that I am the right person for the job. (5) I am confident/convince

39、d that my will combine to produce an excellent work performance. (6) I am sure that you will find my service/performance satisfactory. (7) I believe/am sure/am confident that I am qualified for31 期望得到考慮或答復(fù)的句型 (1) I hope that/would appreciate it if/would be grateful if/ you will consider me qualified

40、 for (2) I would like to meet you to discuss the possibility of at a mutually convenient time. (3) Thank you for your time and consideration/considering my application/taking my application into serious consideration/your consideration of my application. (4) I hope you will consider my application./

41、take my application into consideration. (5)Please contact me at your earliest convenience. (6) I look forward to hearing from/meeting you soon/shortly/in the near future/as early as possible.32建議信 寫作要領(lǐng): 寫此類書信是要應(yīng)收信人的要求針對(duì)某一問題提出建議和忠告.雖然寫信人與收信人之間極有可能是熟人,甚至是比較好的朋友,但禮貌原則仍然不可忽視.寫信人是在提建議,而不是發(fā)號(hào)施令,所以仍須注意語(yǔ)氣的誠(chéng)懇

42、和委婉. 中文模塊一: 第一部分:表明寫作意圖; 第二部分:就問題提出具體的建議; 第三部分:總結(jié)建議,還可表示愿意繼續(xù)為對(duì)方提供幫助.33 英文模板: Dear Xiao Wang, You have asked me for advice concerning whether you should study English or history.(表明相關(guān)性) I will try to make some useful suggestions.(寫作意圖) You must keep in mind that your university education is a prepara

43、tion for your future career.(提出建議)Therefore, your first consideration should be to major in what will enable you to earn a living. There is no doubt that the English language offers far wider career choices than history, especially in an age of globalization.(建議一)However, it would not be sensible to

44、 study English only. It is advisable to absorb34 as much knowledge outside your field as you can to meet the ever-changing social needs.(建議二) Generally, if you have a clear goal in mind, and make full use of the time at college, you will make a successful student, and a successful professional after

45、 your graduation.(總結(jié)建議) I hope these suggestions will be helpful. And if I help you in any other way, please let me know.(表示愿意繼續(xù)提供幫助) Yours ever, Cheng lin35 中文模塊二: 第一部分:寒暄,就問題提出具體的建議及理由; 第二部分:說明應(yīng)具備的基本條件; 第三部分:指出對(duì)方應(yīng)該如何準(zhǔn)備以獲得成功. 英文模板:36 Dear Xiao Wang, In your last letter, you asked me for some advice

46、 in choosing your prospective major. (表明相關(guān)性) I strongly recommend Department of Electronic Engineering of our university.(提出建議)Firstly, as far as the major itself is concerned, it is one of those fastest developing technological fields these days.(原因一)You know that the two topics frequently talked a

47、bout today are computer and large-scale integrated circuits, and the technology of electronics plays an indispensable part in the implementation of both.(展開原因一)Secondly, this department of our university enjoys a very good reputation in the academic world, where you can get a first-class education.

48、(原因二)37 The fundamental qualifications are that you should be physically and mentally healthy and you have to get an excellent performance in the National Entrance Examinations, and the latter is quite demanding.(應(yīng)具備的基本條件) I think its rather unnecessary for me to offer you very specific suggestions

49、in attending such exams.(指明如何準(zhǔn)備) You have already developed a capacity for coping with fierce competitions.(原因)With your 1 percent of inspiration and 99 percent of perspiration, you will succeed.(總結(jié)建議) Yours, Li Ming 38 常用句型 1. 表明寫作意圖的常用句型 (1) I will try to make some helpful suggestions. (2) I hope the following information will help you to/be helpful to you. (3) I am writing this letter to offer my proposals. 2. 提出建議和忠告的