人教版高中英語選修7 Unit4 定語從句復(fù)習(xí)精品課件

1、定語從句復(fù)習(xí)定語從句復(fù)習(xí)Unit4 Sharing定語從句 定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。先行詞是物先行詞是人定語 地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)間狀語主賓主賓關(guān)系代詞which thatwhowhomwhose關(guān)系副詞wherewhen注：1.介詞提前時(shí)一般只用which和whom。 2.whose+名詞=the+名詞+of which/

2、of whomThis is the detective who came from London.The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.The desk whose leg is broken is very old.This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. (1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。例如： Al

3、l the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 先行詞有兩個(gè)，既有人也有物，要用that。 We were talking about the persons and things that we remembered in our school. 關(guān)系代詞that 和which的區(qū)別 1.宜用that引導(dǎo)的定語從句(3) 如果先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等詞修飾，關(guān)系代詞常用that, 不用which, who，或whom。例如：This is

4、 the most impressive TV theater that has never been put on show before .這是以前從未上演過的最有感染力的電視劇。That is the only way that leads to your success .那是通向你成功的唯一之路。We have to consider the first thing that starts our work.我們必須要考慮啟動(dòng)我們工作的第一件事。 2. 宜用which引導(dǎo)的定語從句當(dāng)定語從句的介詞提前時(shí)，要用which。The house in which they lived la

5、st yearhas been rebuilt.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，要用which。He bought a railway ticket for the woman,which helped her a lot.as, which 非限定性定語從句 由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。 As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important

6、to us. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise.A. it B. that C. whichD. heIt rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park.A. thatB. whichC. as D. itas 和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點(diǎn)：(1) as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主

7、句；which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“ 正 如 ， 正 像 ” 的 意 思(2）as 代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句中的謂語必須是系動(dòng)詞；若為行為動(dòng)詞，則從句中 的 關(guān) 系 代 詞 只 能 用 w h i c h 。(3)當(dāng)先行詞受such, the same修飾時(shí)，常用asI have never heard such a story as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.This is the same book as I lost last week.注意：當(dāng)先行詞由the same修飾時(shí)，偶

8、爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思不同。She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. 她穿著她在MARY婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如： This is the mountain village where I staye

9、d last year.Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判斷改錯(cuò)1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. 3. This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. 4. Ill never forget the days (which) I s

10、pent in the countryside.FFTT方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held.A. where B. that C. on whichD. the one例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is _ you visited a few days a

11、go.例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢his is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn)，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, th

12、at, which, whose)； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點(diǎn)狀語，when 時(shí)間狀語，why 原因狀語) 。 區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句1定語從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，是補(bǔ)充說明的關(guān)系(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定語從句(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位語從句2定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在句中充當(dāng)成分，有時(shí)可以省略；同位語從句主要由that引導(dǎo)，在句中一般不做成分

13、；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導(dǎo)，充當(dāng)成分(1) The news he told me is true.(2) The news that he has just died is true.(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定語(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.3. 同位語從句和先行詞一般可以用be動(dòng)詞發(fā)展成

14、一個(gè)完整的句子，而定語從句不可以(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. (2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth. Exercises1. Mother bought me a dicti

15、onary on my birthday, _made me very happy.A. what B. that C. who D. which2. Look at the watch. Dont you see it is _ watch _ Helen lost the other day? A. as the same; as B. the same; as C. the same; which D. as the same ; that 3. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every mo

16、nth. A. It B. As C. That D. What 4. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. it5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town, _ he grew up as a child. A.which B. where C. that D. when 6. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science.A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is 7. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. which B. it C. she D. he 8. _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two co