情態(tài)動詞的運用

1、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞( (一）一）modal verbmodal verbGrammar ( 32ms )情態(tài)動詞有一定的意義，但沒有人稱和數(shù)的情態(tài)動詞有一定的意義，但沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能獨立使用，它和后面的動詞構(gòu)成變化，不能獨立使用，它和后面的動詞構(gòu)成謂語謂語只作情態(tài)動詞的只作情態(tài)動詞的can/could, may/might, ought to， must可情態(tài)可實義的可情態(tài)可實義的need, dare/dared可情態(tài)可助動詞的可情態(tài)可助動詞的shall/should, will/would相當于情態(tài)動詞的相當于情態(tài)動詞的have to, used toMust , can/could,

2、 may/might 的用法的用法must1.Must 表示推測時，表示推測時， 只能用于只能用于肯定句。肯定句。這個電腦肯定出了問題。這個電腦肯定出了問題。There must be something wrong with the computer.你努力學(xué)了一整天，你努力學(xué)了一整天， 一定累了吧一定累了吧You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.2.Must +be doing/do 表示對表示對現(xiàn)在的動作現(xiàn)在的動作進行肯定推測進行肯定推測 他現(xiàn)在一定在看小說他現(xiàn)在一定在看小說He must be reading novels now

3、.他們買了一輛新車。他們買了一輛新車。 他們一定很有錢他們一定很有錢They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.3.Must +have done 表示對表示對過去發(fā)生的事情過去發(fā)生的事情作出的肯定作出的肯定判斷判斷他們在玩籃球，他們在玩籃球， 他們一定完成了作業(yè)。他們一定完成了作業(yè)。They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework.路是濕的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。路是濕的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。The road is wet. It mus

4、t have rained last night.can/could 1. can /could 表示推測時，只能用在表示推測時，只能用在否定句或疑問句否定句或疑問句中中。Its so late. Can Tom be reading?這么晚了，湯姆還在看書嗎？這么晚了，湯姆還在看書嗎？這個人不可能是瑪麗，這個人不可能是瑪麗， 她生病了。她生病了。It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.她不可能在說謊。她不可能在說謊。She couldnt be telling lies.2. can/could have done 對對過去發(fā)生過去發(fā)生行為的可能性進行行為的可

5、能性進行推測推測:剛才我還看見他了，剛才我還看見他了， 所以他不可能出國的。所以他不可能出國的。 I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.門是鎖著的，門是鎖著的， 所以她不可能在家。所以她不可能在家。The door was locked. She couldnt have been at home.3. can/could have done “本可以，本來可能已經(jīng)本可以，本來可能已經(jīng)”用用于于肯定句肯定句中，表示對中，表示對過去發(fā)生的事情過去發(fā)生的事情做出的判斷，做出的判斷， 你本來可以考的更好。你本來可以考的更好。You cou

6、ld have had a better mark.may/might1.May/might表示推測時，只能用于陳述句，表示對現(xiàn)表示推測時，只能用于陳述句，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動作把握不大。在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動作把握不大。她們明天可能會到這里來。她們明天可能會到這里來。They may come here tomorrow.他們可能還在等我們呢。他們可能還在等我們呢。They may be still waiting for us.2.might 可用于可用于指過去的行為或者表示可能性更小指過去的行為或者表示可能性更小。他也許在作功課吧。他也許在作功課吧。He might be doing

7、his homework now.我問他我是否可以離開。我問他我是否可以離開。I asked him if I might leave.I asked him “May I leave now?”3.might/may have done,表示對表示對過去發(fā)生的動作過去發(fā)生的動作進行進行可能性推測，可能性推測， 他可能去醫(yī)務(wù)室了。他可能去醫(yī)務(wù)室了。He may have gone to the clinic.他可能已經(jīng)從報紙上知道這個消息了。他可能已經(jīng)從報紙上知道這個消息了。He might have read about the news in the newspaper.Will /Wou

8、ld you do? 表請求表請求表意志，愿望，決心表意志，愿望，決心would表過去反復(fù)發(fā)生得動作或某種傾向表過去反復(fù)發(fā)生得動作或某種傾向 “總是總是,總要總要”used to表過去常常（現(xiàn)在已沒有這種習(xí)慣）表過去常常（現(xiàn)在已沒有這種習(xí)慣） “過去常常過去常?！眜sed to 可于狀態(tài)動詞連用可于狀態(tài)動詞連用would不可以不可以eg. He used to be a quiet boy. ()He would be a quiet boy. ( ) will/would1. - Will you go skating with me this winter vacation? - It _

9、 . ( 2002上海上海)all depended B. all dependsC. is all depended D. is all depending解析：答案解析：答案B。It all depends 是是“不確定不確定”、“看情況看情況”的意思。的意思。高考鏈接B2. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.( 2004重慶重慶 )A. I realized B. I had realizedC. had I realized D. did I rea

10、lize解析：答案為解析：答案為D. 句首為句首為“only + 副詞副詞”時，時，句子要用部分倒裝語序；根據(jù)語境應(yīng)為一句子要用部分倒裝語序；根據(jù)語境應(yīng)為一般過去時態(tài)。般過去時態(tài)。D3. - I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! - _ . ( 2004全國全國 ) A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I答案答案B B。第一個句子使用了。第一個句子使用了would, would, 用用neitherneither表示附和的意

11、義時，助動詞應(yīng)與上文一致。表示附和的意義時，助動詞應(yīng)與上文一致。BWhen you are very sure of something, you use must in positive sentences and cannot or cant in negative sentences.e.g. You must be Jeanne. Im Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well. It cant be true! I dont believe it.When you are quite sure about someth

12、ing, you use can. e.g. Attending a ball can be exciting.Practice 1When you think that something is possible, but you are not very sure, you use could, may or might.e.g.You could borrow some jewellery from your friend Jeanne, who is married to a rich man.You may not know that the necklace I returned

13、is not the one that I had borrowed.Dont you have a friend who might lend you some jewellery?Practice 2:表示推測表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法情態(tài)動詞的重要用法.1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here.2. He must have known what we wanted.3. We may have read the same report.4. He cant have slept through all that nois

14、e.5. Theres someone outside-who can it be?6. What can they be doing?7. These pills might help to cure your disease.8. You could be right, I suppose.表示推測表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法情態(tài)動詞的重要用法.肯定的推測肯定的推測可能的推測可能的推測否定的推測否定的推測疑問的推測疑問的推測must 對將來對將來 對現(xiàn)在對現(xiàn)在 對過去對過去情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞may, might cant, couldntcan, could + V. + V. + have

15、done常見常見must be + be doing + V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不” +V. + V. + have done + be doing+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。 3. The road is wet. It _

16、last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you.你媽媽一定一直在找你。你媽媽一定一直在找你。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been looking5. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在車禍中受了重傷菲利普可能在車禍中受了重傷.6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.-She _ (go) by bus.7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因為早上他是坐邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因為早上他是坐 公共汽車來上班的。公共汽車來上班的。may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecant have foundAssignment1.Practise of WB P42 Ex.