浙江省天臺(tái)縣平橋第二中學(xué)高中英語配套課件：必修5Unit1 Using language

1、Using Language - Reading & Writing Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known高考鏈接高考鏈接B解析：答案解析：答案B B。此處考查過去分詞作后置。此處考查過去分詞作后置定語，定語，3M3M與與knowknow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。去分詞表示被動(dòng)。2. The disc, digitally _ in the st

2、udio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded高考鏈接A解析：答案解析：答案A A。此處考查過去分詞作后置。此處考查過去分詞作后置定語，定語，discdisc與與recordrecord之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示。用過去分詞表示。3. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A

3、. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known高考鏈接D解析：答案解析：答案D D。knowknow與與wordswords，expressionsexpressions，phrasesphrases構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。被動(dòng)。4. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to

4、 be smelt高考鏈接B解析：答案解析：答案B B。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾修飾flowersflowers。smellsmell為系動(dòng)詞，不能用于為系動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于which/that smells which/that smells sweetsweet。1、尼古拉。哥白尼、尼古拉。哥白尼2、革命的；重大變革的、革命的；重大變革的3、移動(dòng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)作、移動(dòng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)作4、講得通；有意義、講得通；有意義5、向后的（地）、向后的（地）6、圈；環(huán)、圈；環(huán)7、私下地；秘密地、私下地；秘密地8、（使）旋轉(zhuǎn)；紡、（使）旋轉(zhuǎn)；紡9、明亮；亮度

5、；聰穎、明亮；亮度；聰穎10、熱情的；熱心的、熱情的；熱心的11、小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的、小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的12、拒絕；不接受；拋棄、拒絕；不接受；拋棄13、宇宙；世界、宇宙；世界Nicolaus Copernicusrevolutionarymovementmake sensebackwardloopprivatelyspin-spun-spunbrightnessenthusiasticcautiousrejectuniverseAbout CopernicuspDo you know what is the center of the solar system? zx x k born: in Po

6、land in 1473 died : May 24, 1543 He was one of the first scientists to use z x xkmathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun was the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it.Skim the text and draw the two theories of theuniverse with the followi

7、ng pictures.SunearthBefore Copernicus theory Showing Copernicus theoryReading and drawingSunearthBefore Copernicus theorySunearthearthSunCopernicus theoryRead the text carefully, then answer these questionsCareful reading2. What was his theory about? (Para 1) 1. Why could he not tell about his theor

8、y? (Para 1)3. What had the astronomers noticed in the sky? (Para 2) 4. When did Copernicus complete his theory? (Para 3) 5. How did he explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars? When did he publish his idea? (Para 4)Because the powerful Christian Church would

9、have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.2. What was his theory about? (Para 1) All his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.1.

10、 Why could he not tell about his theory? (Para 1)2. What was his theory about? (Para 1) 1. Why could he not tell about his theory? (Para 1)They had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at o

11、thers.Between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.3. What had the astronomers noticed in the sky? (Para 2) 4. When did Copernicus complete his theory? (Para 3)They had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then

12、go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others.Between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete. 5. How did he explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars? When did he publish

13、his idea? (Para 4) He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round it and this explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of

14、 the stars. He published his idea as he lay dying in 1543. 6. Why do people think that there is a direct link between his ideas and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking? Because his theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced

15、 the Christian idea of gravity which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Fill in the blanks with some proper words Copernicus was _ because he found the earth was not the centre of the solar _, only if you put the sun there did the _ of the other pl

16、anets in the sky _ He kept improving his new theory until he felt it was _ in 1514. He Suggested that the earth was _ as it went round the sun . His Friends were_ _ and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was _He didnt want to be_ by Christian Church.In fact , he was right . The Chur

17、ch _ his theory ,saying it was against Gods idea. confused systemmovementsmake sense .completespinningenthusiasticcautiousattackedrejectedPhrases apart from at the fireworks display fill in the chart below be strict with sb 導(dǎo)致，引起導(dǎo)致，引起 太陽系的中心太陽系的中心只有只有講得通，有意義講得通，有意義問題出現(xiàn)了問題出現(xiàn)了向后移動(dòng)向后移動(dòng)向前移動(dòng)向前移動(dòng)有時(shí)有時(shí)繞著繞著轉(zhuǎn)

18、轉(zhuǎn)除除之外之外 放煙火時(shí)放煙火時(shí) 填以下表格填以下表格 對對嚴(yán)格嚴(yán)格 lead/ led / led to sth the centre of the solar system make senseThe problem arose. move backward go/ move forward at times go/ went round sth only if苦苦思索很久苦苦思索很久從事研究從事研究改進(jìn)他的理論改進(jìn)他的理論把把 給給sb看看固定著的太陽固定著的太陽 encourage sb to do sth be cautious about sth be attacked by re

19、ject his theory be against sb/sth our ideas of the universe a direct link think/ thought long and hard about sth improve his theory show sth to sb a fixed sun work on 鼓勵(lì)鼓勵(lì)sb做做sth 小心，謹(jǐn)防小心，謹(jǐn)防被攻擊被攻擊拒絕接受拒絕接受他的理論他的理論 反對、違背反對、違背 宇宙觀宇宙觀 直接的聯(lián)系直接的聯(lián)系 If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your

20、 theory for so many years? As a scientist, one should be brave. But Copernicus was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church. So he had hidden his theory for so many years. What do you think of this? Agree:1.He was cautious. if he had published his ideas, he would have been killed just as Bru

21、no who was burned to death because his theory was against the Christian Church.2.Every time a new idea appears, there are always rejections. Its normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth.3.It made no sense for him to publish his theory in a hurry. He was just cautious not coward.

22、 He should protect himself first. Disagree:1.Copernicus was very coward. He should speak out his discovery and let the world know the truth earlier.2.Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs.3.As a scientist, you must have the courage to publish your findings. No mat

23、ter how people oppose them, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.Language points construct V. 建造，構(gòu)筑建造，構(gòu)筑 construction n. 建設(shè)，建筑物，結(jié)構(gòu)建設(shè)，建筑物，結(jié)構(gòu) sth be under construction 在建設(shè)中在建設(shè)中新鐵路仍在建設(shè)中。新鐵路仍在建設(shè)中。The new railway is still under construction.捐款，捐助捐款，捐助We _ the poor 我們捐贈(zèng)衣物救濟(jì)貧民。我們捐贈(zèng)衣物救濟(jì)貧民。 contri

24、bute money/ food / clothing to sb He contributed poems to the magazine 他投詩稿給雜志。他投詩稿給雜志。contributed clothing tocontribute sth to sb/sthcontribute to ：為：為作出貢獻(xiàn)作出貢獻(xiàn),為為撰撰稿稿,向向投稿投稿,捐助捐助,有助于有助于,導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致Many people cheerfully contributed to the Red Cross. His carelessness contributed to the accident. 他的粗心大意是造成這

25、次事故的原因之一。他的粗心大意是造成這次事故的原因之一。 Drink contributed to his ruin. 飲酒促成他的毀滅。飲酒促成他的毀滅。 contribution n.貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)（物）貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)（物） make a contribution to sth許多人都許多人都欣然欣然向紅十字會(huì)捐款。向紅十字會(huì)捐款。 besides, except和和apart from用法之異同用法之異同1besides意為意為“除除以外以外(還包括還包括)” Besides John, we also went there. Who else heard of it besides you?

26、除了你外還有誰聽說過此事。除了你外還有誰聽說過此事。2except意為意為“除除以外以外(不包括不包括)”(介詞、連詞介詞、連詞 He cleaned all the rooms except the bathroom. 除了洗澡間，他把所有的房間都清掃了。除了洗澡間，他把所有的房間都清掃了。He cycles to work except when it rains.除了約翰外，我們也去了那里。除了約翰外，我們也去了那里。 3apart from有兩種含義：有兩種含義：1）相當(dāng)于）相當(dāng)于besides.意為意為“除除以外（還包括以外（還包括）” Apart from his mother t

27、ongue, he can speak several foreign languages as well. 除了母語外，他還會(huì)講好幾種外語。除了母語外，他還會(huì)講好幾種外語。 He has no other interests, apart from his work. 除了工作外，他別無其他興趣。除了工作外，他別無其他興趣。2）相當(dāng)于）相當(dāng)于except.意為意為“除除以外（不包括以外（不包括）” I like all the subjects apart from English. 除了英語外，我喜歡所有學(xué)科。除了英語外，我喜歡所有學(xué)科。 They all went to see the

28、movie except him. 除了他外，他們都去看電影了。除了他外，他們都去看電影了。1. _ being too large, the color and the style of the dress suit me well. A. Apart from B. As well as C. Besides D. Instead of2. An increase in the price of drugs has _ the rising cost of medical care. A. contributed to B. brought up C. burst into D. resu

29、lted from The rising cost of medical care has _ an increase in the price of drugs.resulted fromlead to通向通向 All roads lead to Rome. Can this way _?這條路能到郵局嗎?lead to the post office條條大道通羅馬。導(dǎo)致，引起導(dǎo)致，引起 他的粗心導(dǎo)致了這起事故。 _ _disastrous consequences.這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤可能導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的后果。Such a mistake would perhaps lead toHis carele

30、ssness led to the accident.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。only if只有，只要，當(dāng)只有，只要，當(dāng)only修飾副詞，介短語或修飾副詞，介短語或狀語從句放在句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝。狀語從句放在句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝。只有努力學(xué)習(xí)，你才能通過期末考試。只有努力學(xué)習(xí)，你才能通過期末考試。Only i

31、f you study hard will you pass the final exam.Only by shouting and waving his hands could he be noticed.只有靠大聲呼叫和晃動(dòng)手才能使人注意到只有靠大聲呼叫和晃動(dòng)手才能使人注意到他。他。Only then did he realize that he had made a severe mistake.只有那時(shí)他才意識(shí)到犯了一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。只有那時(shí)他才意識(shí)到犯了一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。 only if / if only If only 但愿；要是但愿；要是就好了（虛擬語氣）就好了（虛擬語氣）If o

32、nly I knew her name.If only I were rich.我要是乘飛機(jī)去就好了。我要是乘飛機(jī)去就好了。If only I had gone by plane.要是我能再見到他就好了。要是我能再見到他就好了。If only I could see him again.特別說明：有時(shí)命題者不是利用位于句首的特別說明：有時(shí)命題者不是利用位于句首的“only+狀語狀語”來考查倒裝，而是倒過來，利用給定的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)來考查來考查倒裝，而是倒過來，利用給定的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)來考查對對only的選擇。的選擇。1. Only then _ how much damage had been cause

33、d. A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize2. Only after my friend came _. A. did the computer repaired B. be repaired the computer C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired3、_ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other compa

34、nies. A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet make sense 有意義，有道理，講得通有意義，有道理，講得通Sth make sense Sb make sense of 理解理解;弄懂弄懂make no sense 沒道理沒道理;沒意義沒意義There is no sense in doing sth. 做做沒道理沒道理in a sense 在某一方面在某一方面;就某種意義來說就某種意義來說in no sense 決不是決不是;決非決非a sense of humor /beauty /direction/ 幽默感幽默感/審美觀審美觀/方向感方向感/1）你能

35、聽懂這個(gè)美國人在說些什么嗎？）你能聽懂這個(gè)美國人在說些什么嗎？ Can you _what this American is saying?2) 那對我毫無意義。那對我毫無意義。 That just _ to me .3）在一定意義上）在一定意義上,學(xué)習(xí)法律就像學(xué)習(xí)一門語言學(xué)習(xí)法律就像學(xué)習(xí)一門語言. _ , learning the law is like learning a language.4) 沒必要買那么貴的大衣。沒必要買那么貴的大衣。 Theres _ that expensive coat. 5）他有很好的方面感。）他有很好的方面感。 He has _.make sense of

36、In a sensemakes no senseno sense in buyinga good sense of directionat times 間或；偶爾；相當(dāng)于間或；偶爾；相當(dāng)于from time to time ;now and then ; occasionally有關(guān)有關(guān)time的搭配的搭配一次，每一次一次，每一次 有時(shí)；偶爾有時(shí)；偶爾 每一次每一次第一次第一次/最后一次最后一次總是；一直總是；一直提前提前及時(shí)；遲早及時(shí)；遲早準(zhǔn)時(shí)準(zhǔn)時(shí)慢慢來；慢慢來；at a timefrom time to timefor the first time /the last timeall th

37、e timeahead of timeon timetake ones timein timeevery timeHe placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going wound it and only the moon still going around the earth.他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)，只有月球仍然繞著地球星則圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)，只有月球仍然繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。轉(zhuǎn)。with the planets going round

38、 it是是with+賓語賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語。這一結(jié)，在句中作狀語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作定語或狀語，作賓補(bǔ)的可以是構(gòu)在句中常作定語或狀語，作賓補(bǔ)的可以是介詞短語，過去分詞，形容詞，副詞或動(dòng)詞介詞短語，過去分詞，形容詞，副詞或動(dòng)詞不定式不定式等?，F(xiàn)將其基本形式歸納如下。等。現(xiàn)將其基本形式歸納如下。1）with+n./pron. +介詞短語介詞短語He sat there with a smile on his face.She saw a brook（小溪）（小溪） with red flowers and green grass on both sides.2) with+n./pron. +副詞副詞With Mr Smith away , weve