高中英語必修五知識點(diǎn)精粹

1、Unit 11、 重要短語1舉起 lift up 2身體特征physical characteristics3.提出理論put forward a theory4得到結(jié)論 draw a conclusion5私人醫(yī)生personal physician6接觸霍亂 be exposed to cholera7面對挑戰(zhàn)face the challenge8開始詢問begin the enquiry9某人應(yīng)該對負(fù)責(zé)sb. be to blame for10把歸咎于blame sth on sb/sth11因責(zé)備blame sb/sth for sth12處理事情handle the matter13

2、把和連接link A to B14全神貫注于be absorbed in15除了apart from16捐贈，投稿，貢獻(xiàn)contribute to sth17講不通 make no sense18在某種意義上in a sense19對熱情be enthusiastic about20從事work on21導(dǎo)致lead to22有時 at times23只有only if24對謹(jǐn)慎 be cautious about25.按照只是那樣as instructed26被污染的水polluted water二、重要句型1. 誰寫了一本書解釋動植物如何隨著環(huán)境的變化進(jìn)化？2. 約翰斯諾的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，因而

3、成為照顧維多利亞女皇的私人醫(yī)生。3. 每次爆發(fā)霍亂時，就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。4. 為了防止這種情況的再度發(fā)生，約翰斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。5. 有位婦女從寬街搬過來，她特別喜歡那里的水，每天都要派人從水泵打水運(yùn)到家里來。6. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動才能說的清楚。1. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?(v-ing 做定語)2. John Snow was so expert that he attended Queen

4、 Victoria.(so that句型)變式So expert was John Snow that .(倒裝)3. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(every time做連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)4. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. (不定式表目的, 賓從虛擬)5. She had

5、it delivered to her house every day.(have+n/pron+ to do/do/doing/done)6. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.(only+狀語句子倒裝&only if 意為只有, if only 意為要是就好了，用虛擬語氣)He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going around i

6、t.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))三、完成句子1. The theory _(提出) by him deserves a scientific research. (put)2. John Snow was _(一個非常熟練的內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 ) that he attended Queen Victoria. (expert)3. _(暴露于) radiation led to individuals being ill. (expose)4. _(每次有困難), he would come to John for help. (every)5. He_(以前沒專心于學(xué)習(xí)), for which he cou

7、ldnt catch up with others easily at the moment though he worked hard. (absorb)6. The father, rather than the brothers,_(該負(fù)責(zé)) what has happened. (blame)7. _(正如已宣布的) in the meeting, we need to begin the enquiry soon. (announce)8. _(懷疑他) having sheltered his brother, the police took a thorough investig

8、ation. (suspect)9. We are in great trouble. Never _ (我們應(yīng)該放棄面對挑戰(zhàn)). (challenge)10. _(為了不讓自己被欺騙), he reconsidered the mans words. (prevent)Unit 21.consist of =be made up of 由組成2.divideinto 把分成3.clarify ones position 闡明某人的立場4.clarify matters 澄清真相e into conflict with 與發(fā)生沖突6.be in conflict with 與相沖突7.a cr

9、edit card 信用卡8.on credit 以賒賬的方式9.to ones credit值得贊揚(yáng)，為某人帶來榮譽(yù)earn enough credit for 為 獲得足夠的學(xué)分10.for (the sake of ) convenience 為了方便起見11.for sbs convenience 為了某人方便起見12.at ones convenience 在某人方便的時候13.It is convenient to/for sb 某人方便時/的話；對某人方便14.It is convenient for sb to do sth某人方便做某事15.attract sb to sb/

10、sth 或be attracted to sb/sth吸引某人注意16.attract sbs attention 吸引某人的注意17.have an/no/much attraction for sb對某人有沒有/很有吸引力18break away from 擺脫,掙脫，脫離；打破（陳規(guī)陋俗等），與斷絕關(guān)系18leave out 省去，遺漏 不考慮，不包括，忽略19feel/be left out 感到被忽視（冷落）/被忽視（冷落）20a furnished house 帶家具的房子21quarrel about/over sth 為某事爭吵22quarrel with sb/sth 與某人

11、爭吵；反對，不贊成23take the place of sb/ sth=take sbs/sths place 取代，代替24(be) in place of 代替，取代25take place 發(fā)生26break down (機(jī)器)出故障了，（人）身體垮掉，（計劃）失敗，（談判）中斷，分解27arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事28arrange with sb to do sth 與某人約定做某事29as arranged 按約定，如約30make arrangements for安排好31keep ones eyes open 留心，注意32make up

12、組成，編造，彌補(bǔ) ，化妝，鋪床，占據(jù)（時間，空間）33ring out (鐘、嗓音)鳴/響34make a list of 把列出清單35fold sth in half/two 把對折36to ones delight 令某人高興的是37with/in delight 高興地38take delight in (doing) sth以做某事為樂39be delighted at/with/by因而感到高興40be delighted to do sth 做某事感到高興41in error =by mistake 錯誤地，無意地42.trial and error 反復(fù)試驗(yàn)，不斷摸索二、重要句

13、子 1.How many countries does the UK consist of?2.The countries that make up Great Britain are England, Wales and Scotland.3.Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.4.Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as

14、 well.5.You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midland and the North of England.6. It has the oldest port built by Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by l

15、ater Norman rulers in 1066.7. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of sites she wanted to see in London.8. This solid stone, square tower had remain standing for one hundred years.9. There followed St Pauls Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 166610. It loo

16、ked splendid when first built.11. Ping Yu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.12. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.3、 完成句子1. _（值得表揚(yáng)的是）that he got _(把問題解釋得非常清楚)at the meeting. (credit, clarify)2._(如果你方便的,please send me a

17、 email and tell me how you are getting on with your studies. (convenient) 3. He always studies hard. It is strange that he _(他居然沒及格) in the exam. (fail)4. He remained sitting there without a word, _(感到被冷落了). (leave) 5. We _（已安排）a medical team_ (由五成員組成的)to go to the earthquake-hit area. (arrange, con

18、sist)6. The room was made full use of with_ (被分成幾個部分). (divide)7. The person _ (剛提到的)is an expert on modern literature. (refer).8. The result of the exam _(還不清楚). (remain)Unit 3 短語及句子1your previous time period 你以前的時光2take up this prize領(lǐng)取這個獎勵3a time capsule 時間艙（指可以穿越時間的時間機(jī)器）4(a) lack of fresh air 新鮮空

19、氣的缺乏5my safety belt 我的安全帶6 strange-looking house 一棟看起來奇怪的房子7soft lighting 柔和的照明8much-needed oxygen 極為需要的氧氣9a space station空間站10the most up-to-date invention 最新的發(fā)明11the latest forms of communication 最新式的交流方式12my late father我已故去的父親13. the next instant / moment 下一刻14the sending button 發(fā)送按鈕15the metal b

20、and / ribbon 金屬片16all the waste available 所有的垃圾17the waste machine 廢物處理機(jī)18work practices 工作實(shí)踐19space settlements 太空定居地20. an ecological system 一種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)21. a special small, computerized machine 一種特別的小巧的計算機(jī)化了的機(jī)器。22. a spotless house 一所一塵不染的房子 23. our super top-of-the-range apartments and houses 我們頂級的公寓和

21、房子24. our many inspection visits 許多的考察之旅25. in no time 立刻，馬上 = immediately 26. decades ago 數(shù)十年前27. leave / make a good impression on sb 給某人留下好印象28. spin slowly 慢慢地旋轉(zhuǎn) 29. collect a hovering carriage 領(lǐng)取一臺可以在空中停留的車30. float above the ground 在地面上空漂浮著 = float in the air 31. lose sight of sth 看不見; 與失去聯(lián)系 c

22、atch sight of sth 看見32. show sb around (sp) 帶某人到處看看（某地）33. blame the tools for the faults of the user 因使用者的錯誤而責(zé)備這些（使用）工具34 go solid (咖啡, 水泥等) 變硬，變壞35. a long shelf life (商品等)有很長的保質(zhì)期36. dispose of waste 處理垃圾37. swallow up the rat in one bite 一口就吞掉那只老鼠38. be back on ones feet 重新站起了，恢復(fù)狀態(tài)42. A group of

23、engineers program robots to perform tasks in space. 43. My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future. 44. Among its many advantages we include easy contact with the land surface, more personal space, complete personal security and no housework worries. 45. Your details w

24、ill be fed into its computer hard-drive so that it will only answer your familys commands. 46. “及物回頭”現(xiàn)象：At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.47.句型：There is no v-ing 做 是不可能的 There will be no suffering here. 在這里受罪是不可能的。 （在這里不可能受罪。）There is no typing up this letter within five minute

25、s. 在五分鐘內(nèi)打完這封信是不可能的。(不可能在五分鐘內(nèi)打完這封信。)There is no saying when hell come. 說出他什么時候回來是不可能的。 (很難說他何時回來。)There is no accounting for tastes.解釋各種喜好是不可能的。（人各有所好。）倒裝：表示地點(diǎn)或者方位的副詞或者介詞短語置于句首，引起完全倒裝。Below are some of the main aspects of life today. Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 3

26、1st century. 太空站里展出了31世紀(jì)最新的發(fā)明。In front of the farm house sat an old woman. 在那棟農(nóng)舍前坐著一位老婦人。Unit4一、重點(diǎn)短語1.開始工作set to work2.處于兩難 be a dilemma 3.集中；全神貫注于concentrate on4.獨(dú)自，靠某人自己on ones own5.名叫by the name of6.通知某人某事inform sb of sth7.依靠，取決于depend/rely/count on8.對有靈敏的“嗅覺” have a good nose for9.指控某人犯某罪accuse.

27、of.10.應(yīng)當(dāng)be supposed to11.保護(hù)；使不受侵害defend against12.偶然，意外地by accident13.注意，全神貫注于get/be absorbed in14.從事于，忙于work on15.潤色polish the style16.犯罪commit a crime17.讓某人改掉習(xí)慣break sb of the habit18.主持節(jié)目present the program19.錯誤地理解某事get the wrong end of the stick20.故事是這樣的This is how the story goes21.難忘的瞬間unforget

28、table moments22. 將大大影響他的記者生涯be to influence his life as a journalist23. 報導(dǎo)一則新聞cover a story24. 遞交文章submit(t) an article25. 發(fā)現(xiàn)你的同事很想?yún)f(xié)助你find your colleagues very eager to assist you26. 行業(yè)訣竅a trick of the trade27. 為了做so as to do sth28. 安排一個采訪arrange an interview29. 要求做某事demand to do30. 上業(yè)余課程take an ama

29、teur course二、重點(diǎn)句型1. Never will he forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.2. Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you.3. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.4. Only if you ask many differe

30、nt questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.5. Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 6. He denied taking money but we were skeptical.7. We arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to brib

31、e him.8. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.9. The senior editor emphasized that this article needed further polishing.10. Without these reporters acting as primary sources, you would never find out what really happened in a war.三、完成句子1. The Consumer

32、 Council exists to _ (保護(hù)顧客的權(quán)益使其免受) unscrupulous traders. (defend)2. The famous professor _(被指控)stealing his students ideas and publishing them. (accuse)3.What the government has done this year will _ (對.有利)all the citizens living in Guangzhou. (benefit)4. Hardly _ (他們剛到機(jī)場) when he plane took off. (g

33、et)5. _(只有當(dāng)你掌握了良好的語法知識的時候)can you write correctly. (knowledge)6. Seldom _(我們收到來信) him since he went abroad to seek his fortune. (hear)7. Not until the last moment _(我才提醒他) the possible danger. (remind)8. East of the city _(有一座橋), which has a history of over 100 years. (lie)9. Well make an appointmen

34、t for a picnic _(視天氣情況) (depend)10. _(經(jīng)常是這種情況), he is five minutes late for a meeting. (as)Unit 51、 重點(diǎn)短語1. 觸電electric shock 2. 找到put ones hands on3. 對某人有影響make a difference to sb4. 為了幫助某人in aid of sb5. 電源插頭an electric plug6. 電子詞典an electronic dictionary7. 講得通，有意義make sense8. 弄懂.的意思make sense of9. 阻止

35、（某人）做 prevent sb from doing sth 10. 觸感sense of touch11. 擠出；榨出squeeze out12. 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胕n place13. 反復(fù)，多次over and over again14. 開展，執(zhí)行carry out15. 許多，大量_ a number of16. 自豪be proud of 17. 一種暫時的形式a temporary form18. 起抗擊疾病的屏障作用act as a barrier against disease19. 正如你能想象的一樣as you can imagine20. 極其疼痛be extremely

36、 painful21. 把藥膏涂在燙傷的傷口上apply ointment to burns或put ointment on burns22. 把理論用應(yīng)于實(shí)踐apply a theory to practice23. 用某物款待某人treat sb to sth24. 把一個水壺打弄翻了knock over a kettle二、用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空（有些首字母已給出）1 The lung is an o_ and so is the heart. 2 Her ankle s_ after the fall. 3 Her foot was very s_ after the accident. 4

37、I cant s_ toothpaste out of the tube. 5 What is the typical s_ of SARS？6 Would you like me to _ your shirt for you？（熨燙）7 He p_（頒發(fā)）a silver cup to the winner. 8 Did you attend your uncles wedding_（儀式）9 An a_ is a vehicle for taking people to and from hospital. 10 The _ (injure) workers are now being

38、taken good care of in the hospital.11 Although _ (build) thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.12 _ (lose) in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. 13 In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees _ (plant) around our school.14 He almost c_ to death on a fish bone.15 We can live

39、without clothes, but food and drink are e_.16 He has too m_ a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause.17 The winter here is cold and d_.18 He had the honor of being p_ to the Queen.（介紹）3、 完成句子.1. He suddenly_(昨晚他突然病了). (fall)2. Sunglasses can_ the sun s rays. (保護(hù)我們的眼睛免受).(protect)3. You may _

40、(燙傷) by hot liquids.(get) 4. These burns are not serious and they should_(一天之內(nèi)就會好許多). (feel)5. First degree burns _when they are pressed(變成白色) .(turn)6. 當(dāng)過馬路時小心汽車。Look out for cars_ the street. (cross)7. 正如計劃的一樣，他們按時出席了會議。They attended the meeting on time _8. 他比預(yù)料的晚回了三天。He came back three days later

41、 _9. 如果你拒絕他們的邀請，我也拒絕。If you refuse their invitation, _ 10. 他竭盡全力幫助我們擺脫困境。He did all he could _us out of trouble. 11. -明天天氣會放晴嗎？-我希望這樣。-Will it clear up tomorrow? -I _. 12. -你太粗心竟然把我的書弄臟了。-確實(shí)這樣，非常抱歉。-It was careless of you to have got my book dirty. -_, Im very sorry. 13. 如果可能的話，我會如期參加會議的。_, I will a

42、ttend the meeting as _. 14. 盡管我告誡他不要向我借錢，他就是不聽。He did ask me for money though I told him _ . 15. 他盡可能花時間照顧他殘疾的兒子。He spends as much time as he can _ his disabled son. 16. 只有到那時我才意識到他在努力幫助我們。Only then _ that he was trying to help us. 17. 昨天，窗邊站著一位老人。By the window _yesterday.18. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記和你住在一起的日子。Never

43、_ the days when I lived together with you.19. 直到完成作業(yè)我才和你去。Not until I finished my homework _.Unit 1三、完成句子1. put forward 2. so expert a physician 3. Being exposed to 4. Every time there was difficulty 5. hadnt been absorbed in study 6 is to blame for 7.As has been announced 8.suspecting him of 9. sho

44、uld we give up facing a challenge 10to prevent himself from being cheatedUnit 2三、完成句子1. It is to his credit, the problem clearly clarified2. If it is convenience to you3. should have failed4. feeling left out5. have arranged, consisting of/made up of6. several parts divided7. referred to right now8. remained unclearUnit 3 短語及句子完成句子1 It is to his credit; the problem clarified2 If it is convenient to you3 should have failed 4 feeling left out5 have arranged for; consisting of five members6 it divided i