8bunit6知識點歸納A綜述

1、8BUnit6 知識點歸納1. traina 動詞 鍛煉，訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng) ” e.He is training to be a doctor. The dog is trained in help ing bli nd man.b. 名詞 火車，歹 U 車 ” e.g. I got upso late that I didn t catch the trthis morning.c. 相關(guān)短語：be trained in 在方面接受訓(xùn)練train as +某身份 為成為.而訓(xùn)練train for 為.而訓(xùn)練go into training 從事鍛煉；參加訓(xùn)練train on eself 訓(xùn)練自己I

2、t s necessary that you train yourself before the walkHe trained as a teacher two years ago.d. training n.訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn) a training center 訓(xùn)練中心，培訓(xùn)中心 trainer n.教練，馴獸師 辨析：train , drill, exercise, practiceTrain 用于思想人格方面的訓(xùn)練Drill 常用于技術(shù)方面的訓(xùn)練Exercise 鍛煉心智和體力的訓(xùn)練Practice 指不斷反復(fù)的實踐”2. Its meaningful to do stlmeaningful

3、adj.有意義的meaningless adj.沒有意義的 meaning n.意思，含義，意義e. g. Do you know the meaning of this word? It s meanin gful to don ate money to Project Hope.Mean a.吝嗇的，小氣的；刻薄的(+about/over/with)Dont be so mean to your little brother! Her husba nd is very mean about mon ey.b. 意思是；打算；意味I mean to call on you tomorrow.

4、 What does this word mean? Beco ming a millio naire did ntmea n an end to his money worries.c. 相關(guān)短語：mean to do sth 打算做某事mean doing sth 意味著做某事be mean about /over/with sth 在某方面小氣3. needa.行為動詞 需要”，一般不用進行時，可用句型：1need sth e.g. I need a cup of tea.2need (sb) to do sth e.g. I need you to clean the classroo

5、m.3sth need doing= sth need to be donee.g. The classroom n eeds clea nin g.=The classroom n eeds to be clea ned.b. 情態(tài)動詞，無人稱或數(shù)的變化，多用于否定句和疑問句。變疑問句時，直接把need 提前，變否定句用need not 或 neednt。Need I hand in my homework now? We n eed not pay for the drin ks. They are free.c. n eed n.需求，需要in need 出于需要狀態(tài)”We have n

6、o n eed to be afraid of them. A friend in n eed is a friend in deed.We are don at ing money for childre n in n eed.4. need some more foodMore 在此是 adj.修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。another+數(shù)詞+n.=數(shù)詞+more+n. (more 在此表示額外的，另外的”)e.g.Let s find two more people for our team.5. I dont th-nk否定前移6. a disabled persondisabled a

7、dj.殘疾的 disability n.殘疾，勞動能力喪失the sick, elderly and disabled 老弱病殘7. an elderly personelderly adj.年老的 the elderly 老年人the +adj :表示一類人the poor, the rich, the homeless& a homeless personhomeless adj.無家可歸的聯(lián)想：helpless, hopeless, careless9. deaf peopledeaf adj.聾的 deafness n.聾 deafen v.使聾，震耳欲聾deaf-mute 聾

8、啞者 deaf-aid 助聽器 turn a deaf ear to 對充耳不聞They are as deaf as those who won hear.充耳不聞blind: adj.瞎的（blind 的主語是人而不是眼睛）turn a deaf eye to/be blind to 對 .視而不見go blind 失明 blindness n.失明 the blind 盲人10. help them cross the road注：cross（動詞）-across（介詞）Help sb do sth Help sb with sth help （ to） do sth ask for h

9、elphelpful helpless11.lts+adj+to do sth.做 是. It hard to lear n a Ian guage.12. I want you to help mewant sth want to do sthwant sb to do sth13. Are there any other ways to help them?1any other,任何其他的”，后面可接名詞單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)，區(qū)別在于1.后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時，表示在某一范圍內(nèi)，除了 sb/sth 以外的任何別的 sb/sth; 2.后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，表示在某一范 圍內(nèi)，除了sb/sth 以外的任何剩余的

10、 sb/sth 的全部。He is taller tha n any other boy in our class.Do you have any other ideas?如果表示在不同范圍內(nèi)倆個人/物的比較，用 any other+單數(shù)名詞China is larger tha n any other country in Asia.（相同范圍）Chi na is larger tha n any other country in Ocea nia. （不同范圍）2Way 的用法：“方式，方法a great/good way to do sth= a great/good way of do

11、ing sth“做某事的一個好方式”the best way to do/ of doi ng sth“做某事的最佳方式”Reading1. what to expect期待什么expect to do sth expect sb to do sth expect thatHun ter expects that she will come.Anyone can expect to learn a foreign Ianguage in a week.2. volunteer for the Special Olympics World Summer Games為夏季殘奧會做志愿者volu n

12、teer v.志愿做，義務(wù)做n.志愿者volunteer to do sth 義務(wù)做某事，主動做某事volunteer for sth3. the most amazing experience of h他生活中最難忘的經(jīng)歷Experienee n.經(jīng)歷（可數(shù)）；經(jīng)驗（不可數(shù)）表示做某事的經(jīng)驗，其后通常接 in of doing sth。He has had many years experienee in of wheat planting / planting wheat.v 表示“體驗” “經(jīng)歷”等，The child had never experieneed kindness. 這孩

13、子從未受過善待。He experie need great hardships for the first time in his life.他有生以來第一次體驗到巨大的艱苦。4. necessaryadj.必須的，必要的 n.必需品unn ecessary 不必要的，多余的If necessary 女口果有必要 be necessary for 必須，有.必要 It necessary for sb. to do sth.5. athleten.運動員 athletic adj.健壯的，運動的 athletic n.田徑運動會，體育運動6. coachn.教練 v.訓(xùn)練，指導(dǎo)football

14、 coach head coach 總教練，主教練assista nt coach 助理教練7. give sb a chance to do st給某人一個機會做某事Chance n.機會=opport unityMiss a chanee a chanee to do sth a chanee of doing sth by chanee 偶然 by any chanee 萬一8. Event（運動）比賽項目；大事a historical event a social event in the event of 倘若，萬一 in the event that 倘若，萬一It easy to

15、 be wise after the event.9.similaradj.相似的，類似的（無比較級和最高級）be similar to 與.相似，與.類似 be similar in 在某些方面相似Most of them serve Xinjiang food, which is very similar to the food she eats.10. give upsth/ give sth up 放棄某事 give it up give up doing sth 放棄做某事 give up 屈服11. be born with生來具有 be born to do 生為 She was

16、 born to succeed.12. take part in參與 join in join13. notbut不是而是14. get to do sth有機會做某事補充：get to 逐漸15. achieveones dream = realize ones dream=make onesdream come true 實現(xiàn)某人的夢想achieve vt.實現(xiàn)，達至 U achieveme nt n.成就，成績achieve adj.可以完成的16.goldn.金； 金牌 silver n.銀；銀牌Speech is silver, silenee is gold. 能言是銀，沉默是金

17、。prize n.獎賞，獎品 =award n.獎品，獎first prize 一等獎 Nobel Prize 諾貝爾獎Price n.價格Prise n.獎賞，欣賞16.includev.包含，包括”，后面可接名詞或動名詞Zhuzi qing work in eludes poetry and prose. In elude, containIn elude “包含，包括在內(nèi)”，強調(diào)容納某東西成為整體的一部分。門tain 含有，里面裝有”，強調(diào)某物容納比其更小的東西the price of the dicti onary in eludes postage charges.Does this

18、 box contain biscuits?Including prep.包含，包括”She has many hobbies in clud ing joggi ng, swim ming and skii ng.山 eluded, i nclude 的過去式，表示包括在內(nèi)的”，只放于名詞后做定語。This is the whole bill, the service included.= This is the whole bill, including the service. 仃.Try onesbest to do sthtry to do sth盡力做某事try doing sth

19、嘗試做某事Have a try 嘗試一下，試一下 Try this way 嘗試一下這個方法18.Feel like“感覺像” “摸起來像”I feel like a big fool. The new man-made material feels like real leather.feel like sth/ doi ng sth 想要某事/做某事feel like on eself 覺得身體情況正常 ”I don feel like myself today.Grammar1.Donatev.捐獻，捐贈 donation n.捐贈品，捐贈物 don ate money to sb 為某

20、人捐款 raise money forsb 為某人籌款2.Charityn.慈善機構(gòu)；慈善Charity school 慈善學(xué)校 charity sale 義賣3.Troublen.麻煩（不可數(shù)）Some/little/much/great/no troubleHave trouble with sth Have trouble in doing sthGet out of trouble Get in troublebe in troublemake trouble 引起麻煩ask for trouble 自找麻煩4.providesb. with sth.=provide sth. for

21、 sb.offer sb sth =offer sth to sboffer to do sth 主動提出做某事Integrated skills1.savev.存儲，儲蓄；拯救 save money/time 省錢/時 save ones life2.teachsb sth =teach sth to sb teacher sb to do sth teach on eself 自學(xué)3.not.any more不再，再沒有”相當(dāng)于 no more.I can believe you any more.= I can no more believe you.探 no t .a ny Ion g

22、er = no Ion ger 表示時間上不再延續(xù)。 I am n ot a child any Ion ger.探 not.any more.至數(shù)量上不再增加或動作不再重復(fù)The baby didn ary any more.Task1.be ill in hospital生病住院 in hospital 住院in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（可能在醫(yī)院工作或在醫(yī)院看病人）2.have a serious blood diseas患有嚴重的血液疾病探 Disease n.疾病 泛指各種疾病，尤其指傳染病和重大疾病The disease is carried by rats.川 ness

23、 多指難以醫(yī)治慢性病或或身體虛弱等影響生活的疾病He didn goto school because of his illness.探 Sick ness 多指暈船、惡心、胃病等等方面的疾病或有關(guān)飲食的疾病。Many people died of hun ger and sick ness.3.Operationn.手術(shù) operate v.運作，造作 operational adj.運轉(zhuǎn)正常的，操作上的 do/perform anoperation 做手術(shù) She had an operation on her eyes.4.as soon as possibles可能快地 as +adj

24、./adv（原級）+ as possibleAs for junk food, I think you should eat as little as possibleas .as possible 可與 as .as sb can/couldYou must come back as soon as possible.= you must come back as soon as you can.5.bothadj.倆者都 be both both+動詞 both .and both ofBoth Lin li n and I have bee n to Beiji ng. Both of

25、the sisters like the book.6.give a helping hand伸出援助之手7.get well康復(fù)【注意】well 作形容詞表示身體的健康GrammarIt 作形式主語一、It is +adj. +that.It 做形式主語，真正主語是that 引導(dǎo)的從句，adj 是用來說明后面主句的性質(zhì)特征，常用形容詞有： clear, possible, wrong, sad, n ecessary, difficult, importa nt, certain, true,surpris ing.It is dan gerous that you cross the ro

26、ad now.It is importa nt that the stude nts lear n team spirit.二、It is +adj. +to do sthIt 做形式主語，動詞不定式to do sth 是真正主語。It is happy to help others lear n En glish.It is possible to finish it with in an hour.It is wrong to look dow n on/upon poor childre n.It is un wise to give the childre n whatever the

27、y want.三、It is +adj. + for sb to do sthIt 做形式主語，for 引出動詞不定式的邏輯主語sb, adj 只是說明動詞不定式的特征而不是表示人的性質(zhì)或特征。常用形容詞有：necessary, difficult, importa nt, easy, hard,in teresti ng.It is n ecessary for people to eat and sleep every day.It is importa nt for you to read En glish.It s necessary for the young to master t

28、wo foreign Ianguage.四、It is +adj. + of sb to do sthIt 做形式主語，of 引出動詞不定式的邏輯主語sb, adj 表示動詞不定式主語的特征。常用形容詞有： kind, foolish, nice, silly, gen erous, clever, careful, selfish等表示心理品質(zhì)，性格特征的形容詞，某人和這些形容詞可以構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：It s very kind of you to help me with the work.=You are ki nd to help me with the work.It seemed

29、 selfish of him not to share his dict ionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dict ionary with others.五、It + take ( sb. )+ 時間(金錢)+動詞不定式，如：It took the workers almost three years to finish buildi ng the dam.It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.六、注意：第一種和第二種句

30、式可互換，意思不變。It is useful to bring a map with you while travelli ng.=It is useful that you bring a map with you while travelli ng.It is dan gerous for people to go hik ing alone.=It is dan gerous that people go hik ing alone.It is mea nin gful that he pla nts a tree n ear the river every year.=It is me

31、a nin gful for him to pla nt a tree n ear the river every year.It 作形式主語常見句型動詞不定式，動名詞或主語從句作主語時，通常把它們放在謂語動詞前，而用it 作形式主語，放到句首，常見句型有：1. It + be + 形容詞+主語從句，如：It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny birthday party or not.2. It + be + 名詞詞組 + 主語從句，這類名詞有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour， aquestion 等，如

32、：It a pity that you missed the excit ing football match.It rema ins a questi on whether he will come or not.3. It + be + 過去分詞 +主語從句，這類過去分詞有：announced, believed, expected,hoped, decided, reported, said, shown 等， 女口：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will

33、 give the operation to the patient.4. It + 不及物動詞(seem, appear, happen 等) )+ 主語從句,這類不及物動詞有：appear,happen, seem 等， 女口：It seemed that he did n tell the truth.It happe ned that I was out whe n he called.7. It + be +名詞詞組 +動詞不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.8. It + be +名詞或形容詞 +動名詞，這類名詞和形容詞

34、常常是：good, no good, no use,a waste of, useless, senseles 等，如：It a waste of time talk ing to her any more.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.實戰(zhàn)演練：1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. (NMET 1997)A. howeverB. whateverC. whichever D. whenever2. In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order