新譯林8AUnit4Doityourself知識(shí)總結(jié)

1、8A Unit 4 Do it yourself.1 .詞匯拓展1. instruct v.f instruction(n.)指示、說明2. decorate decoration")裝飾3. usual adj. f unusual僅義詞)4. possible adj. f impossible(反義詞)5. finish v. f finished(adj.)完成的6. terrible adj. 一 terribly(adv.)2 .重點(diǎn)短語better (not) do sth.最好(不要)做某事2. a pair of scissors一把剪刀for代表，象征4. ins

2、tead of (doing) sth.代替(做)某事crazy about doing 對(duì)著迷 be crazy for sth 渴望某物be crazy for sb迷戀某人be crazy to do sth做某事是糊涂的in a brighter light裝個(gè)亮點(diǎn)的燈a mistakea power cut with供電中斷，停電犯錯(cuò)誤 make few miatakes by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地 用填充 be filled with=be full of 充滿fill the room with water弄得房間到處是水only (A)but also (B).不僅而且;和都

3、(作主語謂語看 B)名詞(不可數(shù))建議 advise 動(dòng)詞建議advise sb. (not) to do 建議某人(不)做一advise doingadvise sb against doing反對(duì)做 to將增加到 add to增加 add up to總計(jì)example+J子例如 such as例語take an example 舉例follow sb's example 學(xué)某人up收拾妥，整理好away放好；把收起來it secret保密 let out secretswrong弄錯(cuò)；犯錯(cuò)；(機(jī)器)出故障out剪出instructions清楚的說明give sb an instru

4、ction to do=instruct sb to doask for instructions 請(qǐng)示them first先讀讀它們problem.沒問題。doing sth.喜歡做某事making something new 喜歡制作新東西some paper roses 做些名氏玫瑰brushes三把刷子his house裝飾他的房子看起來糟糕另一次，還有一次張貼一張畫敲裂了水管 把墻刷成藍(lán)色 學(xué)DIY方面的課程 上課努力/盡力做某事terribletime up a picture the pipe the wall blue a course in DIY lessons to do

5、 sth.to do sth.失敗做某事；未能做成某事(in) the exam考試不及格sb. how to make card嗷某人如何制作卡片ask/order sb. (not) to do sth訴/請(qǐng)求/命令某人(不)做某事 the other side of the cardfc 卡片的另面up (doing) sth.放棄(做)某事=stop doing sth.停止做某事to make a fruit salad如何做水果沙拉them together將它們混在一起mix up混淆for making a fruit salad做水果沙拉的提示 in season時(shí)令水果46

6、. make sure確保sure確信，相信it in the air for some time 將官留在空氣中 一段時(shí)間sometime尋來的某時(shí)；some times 幾次、 幾倍；sometimes有時(shí)cleaning the house 停止打掃屋子stop sb from doing阻止某人做outdoor sports做戶夕卜運(yùn)動(dòng)at home all day整天待在家里now = right away = at once 立亥U，馬上 fun working together 一起干活兒很開心 the words wrong拼錯(cuò)單詞the roses red將玫瑰著成紅色it

7、on the cover將它粘在封面上 stick -stuck - stuckthings from old clothes用舊衣服做東西together a piece of furniture 組裝一件家具doing完成某事more 再一次 at once 立亥1J、馬上 once upon a time從前 s time for sth/to do able to do be unable to do63. be certain to do 肯定做a pumpkin lantern for her=make her a pumpkin lantern by herself a deci

8、sion to do decide to do三.重點(diǎn)句子does it stand for?他代表著什么？'d better get some tools.你最好弄些工具。's DIY exact?DIY確切的意思是什么？says, Do it yourself. "（say報(bào)紙黑板的顯示的內(nèi)容）上面寫道：“自己動(dòng)手做?！?the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.現(xiàn)在客廳里不僅墻是藍(lán)色的，連天花板和地板也是藍(lán)的。books couldn't stay

9、on the shelf.書不能立在架子上。=No books could stay on it.沒有書能立在上面。_end of the shelf was much higher tharthe other. 書架的端比另端高彳艮多。I know much more about DIY than my cousin對(duì)于 DIY 我現(xiàn)在比表哥知道得多。't touch the wet painplease.油漆未干，請(qǐng)勿觸碰。shouldn ' t put so many books on the sheW應(yīng)該放這么多書在架子上。had better not be late

10、for school.你最好不要遲至 U。fix the shelf for me.請(qǐng)?zhí)嫖夜潭ㄟ@個(gè)架子。some of the larger fruit into small pieces將其中一些大些的水果切成小塊。room is really untidy- things are all over the floor.你房間真不整潔-地板上至U處 是東西。decided to make her a birthday card by myself.我決定親自為她制作一張生日賀卡。kept spelling the words wrong.我總是把單詞拼錯(cuò)。planned to make a

11、card with some roses on it我計(jì)戈 U做張帶有玫瑰的卡片。is the first card I made for Mum.這是我為媽媽做的第一張卡片。made some mistakes when I wrote the sentenceHappy Birthday, Mum”.當(dāng)寫 “媽 媽，生日快樂”這句話時(shí)，我犯了幾個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。.詞句解析vt. 使處于某種狀態(tài) 點(diǎn)撥 leave 用作使役動(dòng)詞，意為“使處于某種狀態(tài)”，后常接分詞、形容詞、副詞或介詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。The moving story left him unmoved.他對(duì)這個(gè)感人的故事無動(dòng)于衷。Leave

12、the door open. 讓門開著吧。This matter left her without a way of hope.這件事使她沒有了絲毫的希望。 拓展 leave 可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“留下，留給”；用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為離開；出發(fā)”。其過去分詞為left,意為剩下的，剩余的，沒有用完 的”，修飾名詞或不定代詞時(shí)常常后置。leave還可用作名詞，意為 沐假，假期” His mother left for Shanghai this morning.他的媽媽今天上午動(dòng)身去了上海。I left my umbrella at home. 我把雨傘落在家里了。We are go

13、ing to have five days' leave.我們將有五天彳貿(mào)期。Do you have some pocket money left, Linda?琳達(dá)，你還有剩下的零花錢嗎？couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!它們（書 ）無法擺在上面，因?yàn)榧茏拥囊欢吮攘硪欢艘叩枚啵?點(diǎn)撥 much higher 意為 “高得多 ”。 much 可修飾形容詞的比較級(jí)，more 不可以。Our city is much more beautiful than

14、 that one.我們的城市比那座城市美麗得多。 拓展 形容詞比較級(jí)前常用一些名詞、數(shù)詞、 副詞（如a bit, a little, much, far, a lot,lots, still, even 等 ）來修飾，使比較意義在語義上有所加強(qiáng)，在程度上更加確切、具體。Lily is a little taller than Lucy.莉莉比露西稍微高一點(diǎn)。His model plane is even better than yours.他的飛機(jī)模型甚至比你的更好。五 .語法祈使句講解一、祈使句：用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句. 祈使句的作用是要求、請(qǐng)求或命令、勸告

15、、建議別人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句末一般用感嘆號(hào)，但是有些祈使句的語氣較弱，可以用句號(hào)結(jié)尾祈使句因?qū)ο螅粗髡Z）是第二人稱，所以通常都省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，例：Go and wash your hands.例如：保持肅靜！ Be kind to our sister.Watch your steps. 表示禁止的句式有：不準(zhǔn)、不要、別、No parking.二、表現(xiàn)形式 肯定結(jié)構(gòu) :1. Do 型 （即 :動(dòng)詞原形（+賓語）+其它成分）。如:Please have a seat here.有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動(dòng)詞可省略。如:This way, please. = Go

16、thisway, please. 。2. Be型(即:Be +表語(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy!要做一個(gè)好 孩子！3. Let型(即:Let +賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分)。如:Let me help you.讓我來幫否定結(jié)構(gòu)：1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加 don't構(gòu)成，如：Don't forget me!Don't be late for school! 此句型的反義疑問句是 (Don't do，will you?) 2. Let型的否 定式有兩種："Do! + let +賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分”和“Le

17、t +賓語+ not + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go.別讓他走。3.有些可用no開頭,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! No fishing!禁 止釣魚！用"let"的祈使句時(shí)，必須注意下列幾點(diǎn)：1、"let”的否定句有二。如果賓語是第三人稱用"Don't let.”(見例(9);如果賓語是第一人稱，則用"Let.not"(見例(10):Don't let this type of things happen again.例

18、(9)It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.例(10)2、"Let"只適用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài)(the passive voice)如：Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.3、"Let"后頭除了是不帶"to"的不定式動(dòng)詞(The infinitive without"to&q

19、uot;)之外，還可 以是某些適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~，如 out, in, down, alone等：Let the puppy out.Open the windows and let the fresh air in.The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.Let me alone, please.用"Let's”時(shí)，把談話者的對(duì)象包括在內(nèi)；用"Let us”時(shí)，并不包括對(duì)方，如： Let's try it, shall we?Let us do it by ourselves, will you?里的"sha

20、ll we”和(18)里的"will you",不難知道前者包括聽話人，后者并沒有。三.祈使句與并列連詞and與or連用時(shí)可以表示條件。Work harder,and you will catch up with your classmates.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should ,had better的用法一.Should1表達(dá)職責(zé)或義務(wù)，提出勸告及一般人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該去做的事，常用來談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在和 將來。用于否定句，多表示做了不應(yīng)該做的事。Shouldn't適用于任何人稱和數(shù)二.had betterbetter do 最好" had?？s寫為' 的定式had bet

21、ter not do一般疑問句把had放在主語的前面。1)?You ' d better hurry up if you want to get home before dark.2)We' d better not disturb him.3) Had we better go now?我們最好現(xiàn)在走嗎？ ？better適用于任何人稱和數(shù)You' d better。with me.3 .變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r(shí)，如果是肯定句，就把had提前，放在句首；如果是否定句， 就把hadn'就前即可。Had you better go there at once?4 .含有had better的反義疑問句的簡短問句部分中要用had或hadn'如：You had better give him the magazine,hadn you ? ' thad better 比 should 語氣強(qiáng)即時(shí)自測had to stay at home inst