九年級(jí)英語復(fù)習(xí)形容詞人教四年制版

1、九年級(jí)英語九年級(jí)英語復(fù)習(xí)形容詞復(fù)習(xí)形容詞人教四年制版人教四年制版【同步教育信息同步教育信息】一. 本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容復(fù)習(xí)形容詞二. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)（一）形容詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成1. 規(guī)則變化：構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般在詞尾加-er 讀 -est 讀isttall longclevertaller t:l longer l g cleverer klev r tallest t:list longest l gistcleverest klev rist以字母 e 結(jié)尾加-r 或-stnicefinelatenicer nais finer fain later leit nicest naisis

2、tfinest fainistlatest leitist單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞重讀閉音節(jié)，且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母。再加-er，-estbig thin hot red bigger big thinner i n hotter h t redder red biggest bigistthinnest i nisthottest h tistreddest redist單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞改 y 為 i，再加-er，-esteasy happyeasier i: zi happier hpi easiest i: ziisthappies

3、t hpiist多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加 more , mostcarefulpopularmore carefulmore popularmost carefulmost popular2. 不規(guī)則變化：有少數(shù)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是不規(guī)則的，如下表：原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good 好的/ well 健康的betterbestbad 壞的/ ill 病的worseworstmany 許多/ muchmoremostlittle 小的，少的lessleastfar 遠(yuǎn)的fartherfurtherfarthestfurthestold 老的，舊的older 較老的，舊的oldesteldest

4、elder 較年長(zhǎng)的注意：注意：（1）少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞既可加后綴-er，-est 又可用 more，most 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。如：calm , free , fit , fond , huge , true , pale 等。（2）下面的形容詞既可把 y 改為 i，再加-er，-est 又可以用 more，most 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。如：angry , cloudy , lucky , rainy , sleepy , sunny 等。（3）elder 和 old 的區(qū)別：elder 指兄弟、姐妹中年長(zhǎng)者，只用來指人，不用來指物，并且要放在名詞前作定語，不可與 that 連用，如 my el

5、der brother（我哥哥）。Older 意為“年紀(jì)較大的”，既可用于同一家庭成員之間，又可用于非同一家庭成員之間；既可指人的年齡，又可用來指物的新舊，它可以和 than 連用。如：He is two years older than I . 他比我大兩歲。（4）farther 與 further 區(qū)別：farther 和 further 都是 far 的比較級(jí)，可用作形容詞和副詞，兩者都可指距離，有“更遠(yuǎn)的”之意，farther 比 further 更普通些，二者可換用。但 further還有“更多，進(jìn)一步；額外”等含義，而 furthest 還有“最程度的”含義。如：Ill give

6、you further details later . 我以后會(huì)告訴你更多的細(xì)節(jié)。（二）形容詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的用法1. 原級(jí)的用法：（1）表示雙方程度相等，用“asas”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“和一樣”。如：Mike is as tall as Tom . 邁克和湯姆一樣高。He is as busy as before . 他還是和以前一樣忙。There are as many students in our class as in their class . 我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)和他們班的一樣多。（2）表示“不如”或“不相等”用“not+as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象”。如：Jack is not

7、so tall as his grandpa . 杰克不及爺爺高。Li Lei is not as good at maths as Li Ping . 李磊不如李平數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得好。注意：注意：表示倍數(shù)，如“一半/兩倍/三倍/四倍/”等用“half / twice / three / four times+asas”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I study twice as hard as you . 我比你學(xué)習(xí)努力一倍。We got three times as many people as we expected . 來人的數(shù)目是我們預(yù)期的三倍。2. 比較級(jí)的用法：（1）用來對(duì)兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較?；揪湫蜑?/p>

8、：主語+謂語（系動(dòng)詞）+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+對(duì)比成分。He is taller than his father . 他比他父親高。（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)比較級(jí)超出比較程度時(shí)，形容詞的比較級(jí)前可用 much , far , a lot , still , no , a little , even , any , a great deal 等狀語來修飾。如：This is even harder than steel . 這個(gè)東西甚至比鋼還硬。We have a much better life now . 我們現(xiàn)在的生活好多了。（3）可用“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)（兩個(gè)同義形容詞比較級(jí)，后面不接 t

9、han 從句），表示“越來越”的意思。如：She became more and more interested in music . 她對(duì)音樂越來越感興趣了。（4）用“the+比較級(jí)+the +比較級(jí)”，表示“越就越”。如：The more careful you are , the fewer mistakes you would make . 你越仔細(xì)，出錯(cuò)越少。注意：注意：如果表示“主語比他或他所在單位的其他人，物都”，要用“than any other”，以便把自己排除在外，如：這個(gè)房間比房子里別的房間都大。誤：This room is larger than any room in

10、 the house . 正：This room is larger than any other room in the house . （5）more（less）than 表示“不僅，不止，多過，不到，少于”的意思。Hibernation is more than sleep . 冬眠不僅僅是睡眠。注意：注意：“not+形容詞比較級(jí)+than”和“no+形容詞比較級(jí)+than”的區(qū)別。試比較：He is not older than 20 . 他還不到 20 歲。（言其?。〩e is no older than 20 .他過不了 20 歲。（只不過 20 歲，也許不到）（6）英語里的比較級(jí)

11、有時(shí)并無具體的含義，這種比較級(jí)叫絕對(duì)比較級(jí)。如：younger generation 年輕一代 higher education 高等教育3. 最高級(jí)的用法：（1）表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物的比較，其中一個(gè)在某方面超過其他幾個(gè)時(shí)，用最高級(jí)。最高級(jí)前一般要加定冠詞 the，后面跟帶 of 或 in 表范圍的短語。如：He is the tallest in the class . 他是全班中最高的。（2）one of the+最高級(jí)，表示“是最之一”。Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China . 上海是中國(guó)最美麗的城市之一。（3

12、）“most+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，“most of the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”或“most +of+代詞”，表示“大多數(shù)，大部分的”。Most of the boys are good . 大多數(shù)的男孩是好樣的。（4）形容詞的最高級(jí)前可以有 by far , next , second , third , nearly 等修飾語。如：Canada is the second largest country in the world . 注意：注意：（1）形容詞最高級(jí)前一般都要用冠詞，但當(dāng)形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞時(shí)，則不用定冠詞。如：Today is my happiest day . 今天是我最高興的一天。（

13、2）most 有時(shí)與形容詞連用，前面用不定冠詞或不用冠詞，意為“非常，很，極其”用來加強(qiáng)語氣。這時(shí)它不表示最高級(jí)的概念。如：He is a most friendly fellow . 他是個(gè)極友好的人。（三）形容詞的位置1. 作定語用的形容詞（1）作定語用的形容詞通常位于所修飾的名詞的前面He went a long way . 他走了很遠(yuǎn)。There are many trees in the park . 公園里有許多樹。注意：注意：形容詞的排列順序：有幾個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，它們的排列順序一般為：限定詞（包括冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞等）數(shù)詞描繪形容詞（短詞在前，長(zhǎng)詞在后）表

14、示特征的形容詞（包括大小、長(zhǎng)度、形狀、新舊、年齡等）表示顏色的形容詞表示類屬的形容詞（包括國(guó)籍、專有形容詞和表示材料質(zhì)地的形容詞）名詞性定語（包括動(dòng)名詞）被修飾的名詞。如：Jane wore a pretty purple silk dress . 珍妮穿著一件漂亮的紫色真絲衣服。a useful big green plastic box 一個(gè)實(shí)用的大綠色塑料盒子（2）但在下列情況下，形容詞卻放在它所修飾的名詞之后 當(dāng)被修飾的詞是不定代詞 something , anything , nothing , somebody 等詞時(shí)，形容詞作定語要后置：There is nothing wron

15、g with him . 他沒有錯(cuò)。Is there anything new in that book ? 那本書里有什么新東西嗎？ 形容詞短語作定語時(shí)，要放在所修飾的名詞的后面。這些形容詞短語多由“形容詞+介詞（或不定式）”構(gòu)成。如：Its a problem difficult to solve . 這是一個(gè)難以解決的問題。I think he is a man suitable for the job . 我認(rèn)為他是適合做這項(xiàng)工作的人。 當(dāng)形容詞由數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，形容詞要放在所修飾的名詞的后面常見的這種形容詞有l(wèi)ong , high , tall , wide , deep , old ,

16、 young 等。如：This is a river two hundred miles long . 這是一條二百英里長(zhǎng)的河流。It is a bridge eight metres wide . 那是一座 8 米寬的橋梁。 enough 作形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，既可后置，也可放在名詞的前面。eg.We have enough time / time enough to do the work . 我們有足夠的時(shí)間做這項(xiàng)工作。2. 作表語用的形容詞：作表語用的形容詞通常放在連系動(dòng)詞 be , become , get , look , turn , keep , seem , grow , fa

17、ll等詞的后面。如：Generally speaking , it is cold in the north , and it is warm in the south . 一般來說，北方天氣冷，南方天氣暖和。The two brothers look quite alike . 這兄弟倆長(zhǎng)得很相像。（四）沒有比較級(jí)的形容詞有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的形容詞是沒有比較級(jí)的。只能用原級(jí)來表示。主要分為以下幾類：1. 以 ly 結(jié)尾的形容詞如：daily（每天的）, weekly（每周的）, monthly（每月的）, yearly（每年的）, brotherly（兄弟般的）等等。2. 表示事物性質(zhì)，材料的成分的

18、形容詞如：wooden（木制的）, silken（絲制的）, electric（電力的）, industrial（工業(yè)的）等等。3. 表示時(shí)間的形容詞如：present（當(dāng)今的）, past（過去的）, future（將來的）, then（當(dāng)時(shí)的）, once（從前的）, previous（以前的）等等。4. 與幾何形狀相關(guān)的形容詞如：round（圓的）, cubic（方形的）, vertical（垂直的）, triangular（三角形的）等等。5. 表示國(guó)籍的形容詞如：Chinese（中國(guó)的）, American（美國(guó)的）等等。6. 表示方位的形容詞如：east（東面的）, west（西面

19、的）, middle（中間的）, right（右邊的）, southern（南方的）等等。7. 表示某種絕對(duì)狀態(tài)的形容詞如：dead（死的）, deaf（聾的）, dumb（啞的）等等。8. 表示“終極”意義的形容詞如：absolute（絕對(duì)的）, entire（安全的）, whole（全部的）, thorough（徹底的）, complete（完全的）, such（這樣的）等等。9. 表示順序和獨(dú)一概念的形容詞如：first（第一的）, last（最后的）, next（下一個(gè)的）, following（以下的）, only（惟一的）, unique（獨(dú)一的）等等。10. 一些僅用作表語的形容

20、詞如：afraid（害怕的）, ashamed（慚愧的）, asleep（睡著的）, alive（活著的）, awake（醒著的）等等。11. 部分表示數(shù)量及不定量含義的形容詞如：twin（雙胞胎的）, some（一些）, several（幾個(gè)的）, certain（某一的）等等。（五）部分形容詞的用法比較1. alone 與 lonely 辨析：二詞意思相近，其區(qū)別：alone 指“獨(dú)自一人的”或“單獨(dú)的”作形容詞時(shí)只能作表語不用作定語，而 lonely 則強(qiáng)調(diào)孤單的感覺，可作表語和定語。This is a lonely place . 這是一個(gè)荒涼的地方。lonely 作定語時(shí)，意為“荒涼

21、的”，“無人居住的”。一般修飾地方。試比較：She lives alone but she never feels lonely . 她一個(gè)人住著但從來不感到孤獨(dú)。2. all 與 whole：二詞都可譯為“整個(gè)的”“全部的”其區(qū)別：（1）修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或抽象名詞時(shí)，它們可以互換，但詞序不同，all 放在the，this，that，my，your 等詞之前，whole 則放在之后。試比較：She has worked all the afternoon .（= the whole afternoon ）她工作了整個(gè)下午。All our family went there .（=Our who

22、le family）我們?nèi)叶既ツ莾毫?。?）修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，all 的意義是“所有的”，whole 的意義是“整整的”不可互換。試比較：All students will go there for a meeting . 所有的學(xué)生都將去那兒開會(huì)。3. big 和 large：這兩個(gè)詞都是“大”的意思，在許多情況下它們可互換，一般地說 large的“大”，著重在體積，容積上面。big 用得比較廣泛，除了代替 large 的用法外，還可以表示“巨大”，“偉大”“重要”的意思。如：He had a large family to support . 他要養(yǎng)活一個(gè)人口眾多的家庭。There i

23、s a big tree in front of his house . 他家門前有一棵大樹。4. high 與 tall：二者均可表示“高”其區(qū)別：high 通常用于物之高，而 tall 常用于指人的個(gè)子及細(xì)長(zhǎng)之物。修飾 building 和 pole 用 high 或 tall 都可以。5. sleepy 和 asleep 的區(qū)別：（1）sleepy 的意思是“想睡的，困乏的”如 a sleepy valley 寂靜的山谷，它既可當(dāng)定語，又可當(dāng)表語。eg.I am so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open . 我很困，眼睛幾乎都睜不開。（2

24、）asleep 是“睡覺的，睡熟的”意思，它只能作表語。如：The minute my head touched the pillow I fell asleep . 我頭一碰枕頭就睡著了?！灸M試題模擬試題】一. 單項(xiàng)選擇（ ）1. We shouldnt laugh at them , we should try to help them . A. but B. instead C. and D. yet（ ）2. The students get well each other . A. to ; with B. with ; with C. along ; with D. on ; f

25、or（ ）3. Dont laugh people when they are trouble . A. on ; at B. at ; in C. at ; at D. in ; with（ ）4. Would you mind passing it to me ? , here you are . A. No , of course not B. Why notC. Yes , of course D. Sure（ ）5. Ann is getting old , she never feels too old to learn . A. Though ; but B. Because ;

26、 / C. Because ; so D. Though ; /（ ）6. Chinese people like to invite friends dinner at home . A. in B. of C. on D. to（ ）7. I wonder you would like to come with me . A. whether B. that C. who D. what（ ）8. In China , if someone says something good about you , its polite to answer “ ” .A. Thank you B. T

27、hats very kind of youC. The same to youD. No , not at all （ ）9. Please tell me you didnt come this morning . A. how B. when C. because D. why（ ）10. Jim is taller than in his class . A. anybody B. anybody else C. else anybody D. somebody else（ ）11. Its very nice pictures for me . A. of you to take B.

28、 for you to take C. for you taking D. of you taking（ ）12. The teacher often tells us that its better than . A. to give ; to receiveB. to receive ; to giveC. to give ; receivingD. give ; to receive（ ）13. Do you still remember me somewhere in Beijing ? Yes , of course . Two years ago . A. to see B. se

29、e C. seeing D. saw（ ）14. She is sure out the secret . Im sure that . A. about finding ; about B. of finding ; aboutC. that shell find ; for D. to find ; of（ ）15. It took us a long time Hawaii but we thought the journey was enjoyable . A. to get B. to reach C. getting D. reaching（ ）16. The woman is l

30、ucky enough to have many people her with her work . A. to help B. helping C. helped D. help（ ）17. The worker was tired , so he wants to find a chair .A. to sit B. to sit on C. to sit on it D. on it to sit（ ）18. I really dont know next .A. how to do B. what to do it C. what to do D. how to do about i

31、t（ ）19. This TV set is too loud . Will you please ?A. to turn down it B. to turn down it C. turn it down D. turn down it（ ）20. We found the room too small so many people . A. holds B. to hold C. holding D. hold二. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Li Ling took an hour to surf on the Internet last night .（改為由 it 做形式主語的簡(jiǎn)單句） 2. D

32、o you know how to get the kite down from the tree ?（改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句） 3. The theatre is over 1000 years old . We are going to visit it .（合并成含定語從句的復(fù)合句） 4. My brother knew that player very well . My brother used to be a basketball fan .（合并成含定語從句的復(fù)合句） 5. Father gave me a computer as a birthday present .（改為被

33、動(dòng)語態(tài)）（1） （2） 三. 閱讀理解Why do we laugh ? For years scientists have asked themselves this question . No animals laugh and smile only human beings , so does laughing help us to live longer in any way ? The answer seems to be that smiling and laughing help us to become less worried and calm , preventing il

34、lnesses which are caused by stress . Laughing is really the best medicine . But if youre unhappy , it cant do you good to smile , can it ? Thats not true . It is clear that smiling works just in the same way whether you feel like smiling or not . Scientists in California asked a group of students to

35、 act five different feelings : happiness , sadness , anger , surprise and fearjust using their faces . Changes in their heart rate , blood pressure and temperature were recorded . Most of the feelings they acted didnt cause changes , but when the students smiled their heart rate and their blood pres

36、sure went down . That happened even though they were only acting ! So even if（即使）we feel sad inside , smiling seems to make us feel better . Now , what makes us laugh ? It seems that the answer to the question is far from simple . Everyone likes jokes , but we dont laugh at the same ones . It depend

37、s（依賴）largely on how old we are . Theres kind of jokes , for example , which children love but older people might not find funny . Nationality , too , can make a difference . 1. In the passage , the writer seems to pay more attention to .A. how laughing and smiling are connected with（與有關(guān)系）healthB. co

38、mparing human beings with animalsC. the degree to which laughing and smiling are helpfulD. finding out if any research has been done about laughing2. The passage tells us that smiling and laughing .A. have nothing to do with ones heart rateB. do one no good when he is sadC. improve（改善）ones blood pre

39、ssureD. lower the temperature of the body 3. In the first paragraph , the word “ stress ” can be best explained as “ ” .A. surprise and fear B. work and duties C. happiness and sadnessD. pressure and worries4. Which of the feelings the students acted caused changes to improve peoples health ?A. happiness B. sadness C. anger D. surprise and fear5. It is to answer the question “ What makes us laugh ? ”A. really simple B. not easy at all C. an interesting matter D. a thing in the future四. 首字母填空HongKong is a p