四種句子類型學(xué)習教案

1、四種句子四種句子(j zi)類型類型第一頁，共12頁。句子結(jié)構(gòu)的四種句子結(jié)構(gòu)的四種(s zhn)類型類型一、簡單句一、簡單句二、并列二、并列(bngli)句句三、復(fù)合句三、復(fù)合句四、并列四、并列(bngli)復(fù)合復(fù)合句句第1頁/共12頁第二頁，共12頁。一、簡單句一、簡單句 由一個主語部分和一個謂語部分組成(z chn)的句子叫簡單句，即主語部分+謂語部分。英語簡單句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)(jigu)可以歸納成六種句型：1、主謂句型：Spring is coming . 2、主系表句型：My father is a scientist . 3、主謂賓句型: We learn English . 4、主謂雙

2、賓（間接賓語+直接(zhji)賓語）句型：She bought me a dictionary . 5、主謂復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補）句型： The students often keep their classroom clean and tidy . 第2頁/共12頁第三頁，共12頁。6、There be 句型(j xn) There be 句型在英語里是一種常見句型，表示“某地或某時存在(cnzi)什么事物”。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，there是個引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒有意義，be是謂語，要跟后面的主語在數(shù)和人稱上保持一致，be后邊跟名詞或相當于名詞的短語作主語。主語之后常有表地點或時間的狀語。(1)Ther

3、e was a concert last night . (2) There are some knives on the table . 注意：簡單句中主語有時可以(ky)是并列主語，謂語也可以(ky)是并列謂語。（1）Both Xiao Zhang and Xiao Wang are from Beijing . (并列主語）(2) My father and mother go to work at seven in the morning and come back home at eight in the evening . （并列主語，并列謂語）第3頁/共12頁第四頁，共12頁。二

4、、并列句二、并列句并列句是由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句組成(z chn)，多由并列連詞and , but , so , or , for 等連接的句子，即簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句。(1) He was absent from the meeting , for he was ill . (2) These flowers are white and those flowers are red . (3) I am a worker but my brother is a professor . (4) lets hurry , or well be late . (5) The train lea

5、ves at 8:15 , so they must arrive at the train station by 8:00 . 第4頁/共12頁第五頁，共12頁。三、復(fù)合句三、復(fù)合句由主句和從句組成(z chn)的句子叫復(fù)合句，即 主句+關(guān)聯(lián)詞+從句 或 關(guān)聯(lián)詞+從句+主句。(1)What he said is not true . (2) I know its difficult to master English well . (3) That is why I am late . (4) He heard the news that his team had won . (5) The

6、 news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year . (6) Wherever you are , you should work hard . 主語主語(zhy)從從句句賓語賓語(bny)從句從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句定語從句定語從句表語從句表語從句狀語從句狀語從句第5頁/共12頁第六頁，共12頁。四、并列四、并列(bngli)復(fù)合句復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句是含有(hn yu)復(fù)合句的并列句，有三種形式：簡單句+復(fù)合句；復(fù)合句+簡單句；復(fù)合句+復(fù)合句。(1) Thomas wants to go to the par

7、ty , but his wife says she is too tired . (2) She said the old man was rich, but he didnt agree with her . (3) I know he is doing his best , but he says that he is a little weak in English . 簡單句簡單句+復(fù)合句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句+簡單句簡單句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句+復(fù)合句復(fù)合句第6頁/共12頁第七頁，共12頁。主系表句型主系表句型(j xn)主系表句型是由系動詞+表語構(gòu)成的句型，其突出的特點(tdin)是動詞必須是

8、系動詞。系動詞不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。英語中常用的系動詞和可以做系動詞用的行為動詞大致可以分為以下三大類：1、“是”類系動詞-表示事物處于某種狀態(tài)或特性以及這種狀態(tài)或特性的延續(xù)。如：be (am / is/ are ) , keep , remain , stay , prove 等2、“變成” 類系動詞-表示事物從一種狀態(tài)到另一種狀態(tài)的變化過程或事物變化的最終(zu zhn)結(jié)果。如：become , get, grow , turn , fall , go , come , turn out 等3、“似乎”類系動詞-表示

9、人體感官對外界事物的反映，或某人的假裝行為。如：seem , appear , smell , feel , look , sound , taste 等例句欣賞：例句欣賞：(1)She became a doctor . (2) The book is Toms . (3) She looked happy . 名詞作表語名詞作表語名詞所有格作表語名詞所有格作表語形容詞作表語形容詞作表語第7頁/共12頁第八頁，共12頁。(4) He is out . (5) He looks in good health . (6) Two plus two is four . (7) The room i

10、s five meters long . (8) Our purpose was to master English in a year . (9) She became discouraged . (10) The story is interesting . (11) I was very fond of her . She was good at maths . (12) He is sure to succeed . 副詞副詞(fc)作表語作表語介詞介詞(jic)短語作表短語作表語語數(shù)詞數(shù)詞(shc)作表作表語語（數(shù)詞（數(shù)詞+形容詞）作表語形容詞）作表語不定式作表語不定式作表語過去分詞

11、作表語過去分詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語（形容詞（形容詞+介詞）作表語介詞）作表語（形容詞（形容詞+不定式）作表語不定式）作表語第8頁/共12頁第九頁，共12頁。練習：判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句、復(fù)合句還是練習：判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句、復(fù)合句還是(hi shi)并列復(fù)合句。并列復(fù)合句。1.His words sounds reasonable . 2. The old man enjoys living in the countryside . 3. He failed . 4. He bought her a book . 5. We consider her a cleve

12、r woman . 6. That you have to leave is a pity . 7. It is very true that success lies in diligence . 8. My hope is that he will soon be well again . 9. She guessed that he might leave her soon , and she very much wanted to know when he would start . 10. I have been to Beijing many times but my parent

13、s have never been there . （主（主+系系+表）表）（主（主+謂謂+賓）賓）（主（主+謂）謂）（主（主+謂謂+間賓間賓+直賓）直賓）（主（主+謂謂+賓賓+賓補）賓補）（主語（主語(zhy)從句）從句）（主語（主語(zhy)從句）從句）（表語從句）（表語從句）（并列復(fù)合句）（并列復(fù)合句）（并列句）（并列句）第9頁/共12頁第十頁，共12頁。Translate these sentences into English . 1、人人都說她是個好護士。2、你必須說話清楚，以便他們能夠聽懂你的話(dehu)。3、正在跳舞的那個人是我的兄弟。4、他把墻漆成黃色。5、他專心學(xué)習。(absorbed)6、有志者事竟成。 Everybody says she is a good nurse . You have to speak clearly in order th