2016年仁愛(ài)英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)Unit_4_topic_1_重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit 4 Amazing ScienceTopic 1 When was it invented一.重要句型：Section A1. Because I was not allowed to play computer games last night.由于昨晚他們不讓我玩電月百游戲.allow 允許、準(zhǔn)許的意思.常用于以下幾種形式：(1) allow +n./prep 如：We can't allow such a thing. 我們不容許這種事情發(fā)生.(2) allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事如：She allowed me to go fishing.她允

2、許我去釣魚(yú).(3) allow +doing sth 允許做某事 如：We don't allow smoking in the reading-room.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙.(4) be allowed to do sth 如：被允許做某事The students are allowed to play games on the play ground after school.放學(xué)后學(xué)生們被準(zhǔn)許在操場(chǎng)上做游戲.2. It's bad for your health if you spend too much time on them.你在那上面花的時(shí)間太多,會(huì)危害你的健

3、康.ma sth. (in) tloinu sth 人 Hspend人 pay I sth. for sth.他花了十塊錢(qián)買(mǎi)這本書(shū).He spent 14)/(in) hu, ir1注 thv=Ic spvnt 1 0 yuitn on the bonk4(1) Ht "El 111 一 I II I,(2) A. too much太多既是形容詞短語(yǔ),也是副詞短語(yǔ),所以 too much它既可以修飾不可 數(shù)名詞,也可以用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞.too much water 太多的水；eat too much 吃得太多；8. too many修飾數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式.| much too是"

4、很,太,修飾也容詞或是副詞.He shouldn't walk too much.他不應(yīng)該走太多路.She has too many books in her room. 她房間書(shū)太多了.This watch is much too dear / expensive.這塊表太貴了.3. Kangkang shows a model to Jane.康康給簡(jiǎn)展示了一個(gè)模型.A. show v. 給看, show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. 把某物給某人看；Can you show your new watch to me = Can you show me y

5、our new watch你能把新手表給我看看嗎B. show sb. around 帶著某人參觀 Welcome to my city. I 'll show you around some places of interest.歡送來(lái)我市,我將帶你參觀一些名勝古跡.C. show n. 展覽,展示； on show 展出.There is a TV play show on CCTV-1. 在中央一臺(tái)有一部電視劇在播放.4. What 's it made of它是用什么做成的be made in在地方制造,后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞.The TV set is made in J

6、apan.這臺(tái)電視機(jī)是日本生產(chǎn)的.(2) be made of用制造的,表示原材料未經(jīng)化學(xué)變化,仍可看得出原材料.These houses are made of stones這些房子是由石頭建造的.be made from 用制造的,表示原材料經(jīng)過(guò)化學(xué)變化,已看不出其原樣.Paper is made from wood.紙是木頭造的.(4) be made by由(被) (人)制作,后接表示人的名詞或代詞.Was this cake made by your mother這蛋糕是你媽媽做的嗎(5) be made into (某物)被制成Metal can be made into all

7、kinds of things.金屬可以制成各種各樣的物品.(6) be made up of 由組成The medical team is made up of ten doctors.這支醫(yī)療隊(duì)由 10 位大夫組成.5. Do you know what a rocket is used for你知道火箭是用來(lái)做什么的嗎(1) be used for+ = be used to do (被)用來(lái)做強(qiáng)調(diào)用途或作用；Pen are used for writing. = Pen is used to write.車(chē)忖筆被用來(lái)寫(xiě)字.(2) be used as (被)作為而用,強(qiáng)調(diào)被當(dāng)作工具或手

8、段來(lái)用.English is used as a foreign language in China. 英語(yǔ)在中國(guó)被當(dāng)做外語(yǔ).be used by被使用,by后跟人/物,強(qiáng)調(diào)使用者.Recorders are often used by English teachers.英語(yǔ)老經(jīng)常使用錄音機(jī).Computer is used by some people as toys.電腦被有些人當(dāng)作玩具用.6. I wish I could go into space some day.我希望有一天我也可能飛上太空.A. wish后面接that從句常用講擬語(yǔ)氣.本句表達(dá)康康的主觀臆想,不一定能實(shí)現(xiàn),想這種

9、表達(dá)主觀意愿和假想的語(yǔ)氣叫做虛擬語(yǔ)氣.表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的愿望,從句語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式； 表示布來(lái)的愿望,|從句的動(dòng)詞用could / would 加動(dòng)詞原形.I wish that i dldn 't have to go to work today.我希望今天不用上班.I wish I could have my own house.我希望我能擁有自己的房子.B. wish常用結(jié)構(gòu)：wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事；wish to do sth.希望做某事；wish + that從句 希望(表示不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 )；1. I the students to speak En

10、glish in class.2. I wish that I abroad some day. go go goSection B1. Do you know when it was invented你知道它什么時(shí)候創(chuàng)造的嗎2. It's said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life .據(jù)說(shuō)愛(ài)迪生一生有兩千多項(xiàng)創(chuàng)造.(1)此句中的It ' s said that其中it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是 that引導(dǎo)的句子.整個(gè) 句子是帶有主語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句.It is said that sh

11、e has got married.聽(tīng)說(shuō)她結(jié)婚了.It is not known whether they will come today.他們今天是否會(huì)來(lái)還不知道.類(lèi)似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有it's report that 據(jù)報(bào)道 ",It's known that 據(jù)了解(2) more than = over 超過(guò)；(3) during one 's life = in one's life 某人的生；Lei Feng did a lot of good things during his life.雷鋒在他的一生中做了 許多好事.3. Let's

12、go this way.我們這邊走.A. go this way = take / come this way.走這邊；B. by the way順便說(shuō)一下；in a way在某種程度上；in no way無(wú)論如何不；決不；on the way home 在回家的路上；on one's way to.到去的途中；in any way 無(wú)論如何；show somebody the way 為某人弓 I路； lead the way帶路； get in the way 阻礙；4. They were just hard-wearing pants designed for workers.

13、這些只是為工人設(shè)計(jì)的耐磨的褲子.(1) hard-wearing pants 耐磨的褲子；(2) designed for workers為工人設(shè)計(jì)的,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ).5. Their materials have been changed so that it feels more comfortable.為了 讓人感覺(jué)舒適,他們的材料已經(jīng)被改變了.(1) have been changed已經(jīng)被改變.是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)是：has / have+ been +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞；(2) so that目的是,為了.引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句,常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用；he saves lots

14、 of money so that he can buy a new car.他為了 能買(mǎi)部新車(chē)攢了 很多錢(qián).(3) feels more comfortable 感覺(jué)更舒服.feel感官動(dòng)詞 +形容詞作表語(yǔ).6. They are designed not only for workers but also for teenagers and women. not only. but also.不但而且 ,連接成分,連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用就近原那么.Not only you but also he is my friend. 不但你而且他都是我的好朋友.Section C1. Inven

15、tions come about in many ways.創(chuàng)造以許多方式出現(xiàn).come about意為“出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生".come加介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ). 類(lèi)似的還有：come from 來(lái)自； come back 回來(lái)； come in 進(jìn)來(lái)；come over 過(guò)來(lái)；忽然感到；順便來(lái)訪；come along 過(guò)來(lái),進(jìn)展,出現(xiàn)；come out出版,出來(lái),開(kāi)花,沖曬影片；come up走近,上來(lái),靠近；come up with 想出；提出；追趕上；設(shè)法拿出；come into being 產(chǎn)生； 誕生；開(kāi)始存在；come down； 下來(lái),倒塌； come over： 順便拜訪；

16、練一練：1 .-Hi,'re going for a walk. Would you like to-Great!Let's go.along on C. come out up2 .The stars as soon as it was dark.A.came down in over out3 . Can you tell me how the accident down about about out2. Most of the time, inventions happen because someone works to solve a problem.大多數(shù)時(shí)候,有

17、人為了解決問(wèn)題而工作,創(chuàng)造偶然出現(xiàn)了.(1) most of the time 大多數(shù)時(shí)候；(2) solve a problem 解決問(wèn)題；soke 的賓語(yǔ)多為 problem , answer 的賓語(yǔ)多為 questiono3. None of these things was planted in fields.這些物品沒(méi)有一個(gè)是被種在田地里的.no one和none都表示否認(rèn),但用法有所不同,他們的區(qū)別是.A. no one用來(lái)指人,含有not even one 連一個(gè)人也沒(méi)有之意,其后不能接of短語(yǔ).用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).No one knew who took the bo

18、ok by mistake.沒(méi)有人直到誰(shuí)誤拿我的書(shū).B. none不僅指人也可指物,其后常跟of短語(yǔ),構(gòu)成"none of +名詞/代詞結(jié)構(gòu).當(dāng)名詞是*數(shù)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)均可.None of the houses has / have 目 large garden in some big cities.在一些大城市里,沒(méi)有一幢房子帶有大花園.注意：a. 一How many people are there in your classroom nowNon.8. - Who is in your classroom now- No one.練一練：can't buy anyt

19、hing because of the shops are open at this time.2.一 How many apples are there in the basket had better go and buy some. one4. Inventing is interesting.創(chuàng)造是有趣的.此處inventing是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),動(dòng),詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;Section D1 .This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen在夜

20、晚只要天氣晴朗,能看見(jiàn)星星,這種方法就能很好地發(fā)揮作用.（1） A. work well意為“奏效,起作用,產(chǎn)生影響.The medicine worked well. 藥物奏效了.B. well是副詞.同類(lèi)用法還有：物品+sell well.意為“賣(mài)的很好；衣物+ wash well意為"洗得很好；車(chē)+ride well意為騎得很好.C. work out 計(jì)算,算出；work as從事某種職業(yè)；work on / upon 從事,忙于； work at 做,從事,學(xué)習(xí),攻讀； work for為做事,為盡力,被雇傭者； as long as 只要As long as you wo

21、rk hard ,you must succeed one day. 只要你努力, 有天你會(huì)成功的.a. This method sounds,and works in our studies.,well ,good ,well ,good.it didn 't work so well during the rest of the time.但是在其余時(shí)間,這種方法就不適用了.the rest剩余局部,后接 of +n.如果跟的是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,它就是復(fù)數(shù)；如果跟不可 數(shù)名詞,它就單數(shù).The rest of the apples are for you. 剩下的蘋(píng)果是給你的.Th

22、e rest of milk has gone bad.剩下的牛奶變化了.3. The GPS is a great invention that helps us explore our planet and discover where we are.全球定位系統(tǒng)是一項(xiàng)能幫助我們研究我們的星球并且能確定我們?cè)谀睦锏膫ゴ髣?chuàng)造.此句中that是invention 代詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.where > discover副詞,引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句.練一練：a) .Tony,tell me the result of the discussion you had with your dad yester

23、day.b) . Does anybody know It ' s Uncle Lee ' s.is the bikethe bike isbike it may bebike it is.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)局部的根本形式：be的過(guò)去式was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞.如:When was it made 它是什么時(shí)候制造的It was made in 1980.它是 1980 年制造的.When was the digital camera invented 數(shù)碼像機(jī)是什么時(shí)候創(chuàng)造的It was invented in 1975.它是 1975 年創(chuàng)

24、造的.1陳述句：主語(yǔ)+ was /were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 +by+人代賓格+其他The PRC was founded in 1949.中華人民共和國(guó)成立于1949年.2疑問(wèn)句： Was it made in China 它是中國(guó)制造的嗎3否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) + was /were+ not + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 +by+人代賓格+其他 Her books weren't stolen yesterday.昨天她的書(shū)沒(méi)被偷走.4特殊疑問(wèn)句： What/Where/When+was /were +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 +其他When were those machines produced 這

25、些機(jī)器什么時(shí)候生產(chǎn)的2、時(shí)間前所用介詞的速記歌年月周前要用in,日子前面卻不行.遇到幾號(hào)要用 on,上午下午又是in.要說(shuō)某日上下午,用 on換in才能行.午夜黃昏須用at,黎明用它也不錯(cuò).at也用在時(shí)分前,說(shuō) 差可要用上to.說(shuō) 過(guò)"只可使用past,多說(shuō)多練牢牢記,莫讓歲月成蹉蹈.三.重點(diǎn)詞組：1. too much2. be made of3. be made from4. be made up of5. be made in6. be made by7. be made into8. be used for9. be used as10. be used by11. be a

26、llowed to do sth.12. allow sb. to do sth13. allow +doing sth14. play computer games15. spend sometime on sth.16. spend some money (in) doing sth.太多；由某種物質(zhì)做成看得出原材料,物理過(guò)程 ;由某種物質(zhì)制成看不出原材料,化學(xué)過(guò)程;由幾局部組成；在某地/某時(shí)制造；由某人制造；被制成；被用來(lái)做什么；被作為而用；被使用；被用來(lái)做什么；允許某人做某事；允許做某事；玩電腦游戲；某人花時(shí)間或金錢(qián)在某事上；某人花時(shí)間或金錢(qián)做某事；把某物給某人看；17. show s

27、th. to sb. = show sb. sth.18.show sb. around帶著某人參觀；19.send satellites or spaceship發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星或是宇宙飛船;20.go into space飛上太空；21.some dayw22model rocket火箭模型；23.digital camera數(shù)碼相機(jī)；24.come true實(shí)現(xiàn)；25.It's said that據(jù)說(shuō)；26.more than = over超過(guò)；27.during = in one 's life某人一生；28go this way = take / come this wa

28、y.走這邊；29widely used被人們廣泛的使用；30feels more comfortable感覺(jué)更舒服；31be different from /、向十 ,32light bulb燈泡；33hard-wearing pants耐磨的褲子；34designed for workers為工人設(shè)計(jì)的；35the brown cloth棕色的布；36different jeans styles/、同款式的牛仔褲；37not only. but also.不但而且；38a new way of doing things一種做事的新方法；39come about出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生；40most of

29、the time大多數(shù)時(shí)候；41solve a problem解決問(wèn)題；42plant in fields種在田里；43in the invention process在創(chuàng)造的過(guò)程中；44the result of the accidents事故的結(jié)果；45a few simple steps to follow幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單要遵從的步驟；46wild and crazy thoughts瘋狂的想法；47laugh at嘲笑；48what people said人們所說(shuō)的話；49be discouraged by為灰心喪氣；50brainstorm for ideas想出一些想法；51make a

30、model of .為制作一個(gè)模型；52make a detailed drawing為制一個(gè)詳細(xì)的圖紙；53work as it is planned像被方案的那樣起作用；54sharewith跟分享；55use your imagination運(yùn)用你的想像力；56name your invention給你的創(chuàng)造起名字；57plan and design your invention方案并設(shè)計(jì)你的創(chuàng)造；58test your invention試驗(yàn)?zāi)愕膭?chuàng)造；59X-ray machineX光機(jī)；60a very interesting number一個(gè)非常有趣的數(shù)字；61explore ou

31、r world探索我們的世界；很好的地標(biāo)；在哪個(gè)方向；奏效,起作用,產(chǎn)生影響;只要；在其余時(shí)間里；地球的形狀；在任何時(shí)候；幫我們探索星球;62. good guiding marks63. in which direction64. work well65. as long asthe Global Positioning System(GPS) 全球 te 便系統(tǒng)66. during the rest of the time67.68. the shape of the earth69. at any time70. help us explore our planet四.練習(xí)：A.選擇題.

32、houses in the earthquake of August 3,2022 in Ludian of Y unnan Province.destroyed destroyed destroyed destroyedwas reported that Beijing,Shanghai and Jiangsu to be the three happiest places in China.finding finding found foundstudents chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too

33、 big .'t give 't given't given't giveis true that knowledge rather than being taught.learned learnedcouples to have two babies in most of the cities in China.allowing allowed allowed allowed6 . -Your coat looks nice. Is it cotton - Yes. It ' s Shanghai.A. made of, made byB. made

34、of, made inC. made for, made inD. made from, made by7 . Computers are very useful. For example, they can sending e-mails.A. be used to B. be used with C. be used for D. be used of8 Why _ you go to Jane ' s birthday party last SunBlexyause I.一 ,wasn ' t invited' t,wasn ' t invited'

35、;t,didn ' t invite' t,invited9 .What will the weather be like tomorrow It be rainy,cloudy or knowsare many kinds of jeans in the modern supermarket.choose choose fromfinished finishedfinishair pollution will cause some if we still have no effective measures to take.don ' t have enough bo

36、oks,so you have to one with Jack.my opinions,it is important to express our to parents when we have disagreements.B,thoughtsyou check your report more carefully,you can avoid more mistakes.16 .Will you go to the opening ceremony If I,I will go.invited be invited invited17 .Excuse me,Where are they g

37、oing to play footballSorry,I ' m nthe team know.up, you on the phone.A. Wanted B. was wanted C. are wanted19. Some stories the children by the teacher everyday.A. is told forB. are told for C. are told tohe has studied abroad for five years.A. It is said B. It saysC. That is saidthe money he saved when he was