完整版,沖壓模具技術(shù)外文翻譯含外文文獻(xiàn)

1、前言在目前激烈的市場競爭中，產(chǎn)品投入市場的遲早往往是成敗的關(guān)鍵。模具是高質(zhì)量、高效率的產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)工具，模具開發(fā)周期占整個(gè)產(chǎn)品開發(fā)周期的主要部分。因此客戶對(duì)模具開發(fā)周期要求越來越短，不少客戶把模具的交貨期放在第一位置，然后才是質(zhì)量和價(jià)格。因此，如何在保證質(zhì)量、控制成本的前提下加工模具是值得認(rèn)真考慮的問題。模具加工工藝是一項(xiàng)先進(jìn)的制造工藝，已成為重要發(fā)展方向，在航空航天、汽車、機(jī)械等各行業(yè)得到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。模具加工技術(shù)，可以提高制造業(yè)的綜合效益和競爭力。研究和建立模具工藝數(shù)據(jù)庫，為生產(chǎn)企業(yè)提供迫切需要的高速切削加工數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)推廣高速切削加工技術(shù)具有非常重要的意義。本文的主要目標(biāo)就是構(gòu)建一個(gè)沖壓模具

2、工藝過程，將模具制造企業(yè)在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中結(jié)合刀具、工件、機(jī)床與企業(yè)自身的實(shí)際情況積累得高速切削加工實(shí)例、工藝參數(shù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)等數(shù)據(jù)有選擇地存儲(chǔ)到高速切削數(shù)據(jù)庫中，不但可以節(jié)省大量的人力、物力、財(cái)力，而且可以指導(dǎo)高速加工生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐，達(dá)到提高加工效率，降低刀具費(fèi)用，獲得更高的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。1 .沖壓的概念、特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用沖壓是利用安裝在沖壓設(shè)備（主要是壓力機(jī)）上的模具對(duì)材料施加壓力，使其產(chǎn)生分離或塑性變形，從而獲得所需零件（俗稱沖壓或沖壓件）的一種壓力加工方法。沖壓通常是在常溫下對(duì)材料進(jìn)行冷變形加工，且主要采用板料來加工成所需零件，所以也叫冷沖壓或板料沖壓。沖壓是材料壓力加工或塑性加工的主要方法之一，隸屬于材料成型工

3、程術(shù)。沖壓所使用的模具稱為沖壓模具，簡稱沖模。沖模是將材料（金屬或非金屬）批量加工成所需沖件的專用工具。沖模在沖壓中至關(guān)重要，沒有符合要求的沖模，批量沖壓生產(chǎn)就難以進(jìn)行；沒有先進(jìn)的沖模，先進(jìn)的沖壓工藝就無法實(shí)現(xiàn)。沖壓工藝與模具、沖壓設(shè)備和沖壓材料構(gòu)成沖壓加工的三要素，只有它們相互結(jié)合才能得出沖壓件。與機(jī)械加工及塑性加工的其它方法相比，沖壓加工無論在技術(shù)方面還是經(jīng)濟(jì)方面都具有許多獨(dú)特的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，主要表現(xiàn)如下；（1）沖壓加工的生產(chǎn)效率高，且操作方便，易于實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化與自動(dòng)化。這是因?yàn)闆_壓是依靠沖模和沖壓設(shè)備來完成加工，普通壓力機(jī)的行程次數(shù)為每分鐘可達(dá)幾十次，高速壓力要每分鐘可達(dá)數(shù)百次甚至千次以上，而且每

4、次沖壓行程就可能得到一個(gè)沖件。(2)沖壓時(shí)由于模具保證了沖壓件的尺寸與形狀精度，且一般不破壞沖壓件的表面質(zhì)量，而模具的壽命一般較長，所以沖壓的質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定，互換性好，具有“一模一樣”的特征。(3)沖壓可加工出尺寸范圍較大、形狀較復(fù)雜的零件，如小到鐘表的秒表，大到汽車縱梁、覆蓋件等，加上沖壓時(shí)材料的冷變形硬化效應(yīng)，沖壓的強(qiáng)度和剛度均較高。(4)沖壓一般沒有切屑碎料生成，材料的消耗較少，且不需其它加熱設(shè)備，因而是一種省料，節(jié)能的加工方法，沖壓件的成本較低。但是，沖壓加工所使用的模具一般具有專用性，有時(shí)一個(gè)復(fù)雜零件需要數(shù)套模具才能加工成形，且模具制造的精度高，技術(shù)要求高，是技術(shù)密集形產(chǎn)品。所以，只有在沖

5、壓件生產(chǎn)批量較大的情況下，沖壓加工的優(yōu)點(diǎn)才能充分體現(xiàn)，從而獲得較好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。沖壓加工在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，尤其是大批量生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用十分廣泛。相當(dāng)多的工業(yè)部門越來越多地采用沖壓法加工產(chǎn)品零部件，如汽車、農(nóng)機(jī)、儀器、儀表、電子、航空、航天、家電及輕工等行業(yè)。在這些工業(yè)部門中，沖壓件所占的比重都相當(dāng)?shù)拇?，少則60犯上，多則90犯上。不少過去用鍛造=#造和切削加工方法制造的零件，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)也被質(zhì)量輕、剛度好的沖壓件所代替。因此可以說，如果生產(chǎn)中不能采用沖壓工藝，許多工業(yè)部門要提高生產(chǎn)效率和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、降低生產(chǎn)成本、快速進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品更新?lián)Q代等都是難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。2 .沖壓的基本工序及模具由于沖壓加工的零件種類繁多，各

6、類零件的形狀、尺寸和精度要求又各不相同，因而生產(chǎn)中采用的沖壓工藝方法也是多種多樣的。概括起來，可分為分離工序和成形工序兩大類；分離工序是指使坯料沿一定的輪廓線分離而獲得一定形狀、尺寸和斷面質(zhì)量的沖壓(俗稱沖裁件)的工序；成形工序是指使坯料在不破裂的條件下產(chǎn)生塑性變形而獲得一定形狀和尺寸的沖壓件的工序。上述兩類工序，按基本變形方式不同又可分為沖裁、彎曲、拉深和成形四種基本工序，每種基本工序還包含有多種單一工序。在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中，當(dāng)沖壓件的生產(chǎn)批量較大、尺寸較少而公差要求較小時(shí)，若用分散的單一工序來沖壓是不經(jīng)濟(jì)甚至難于達(dá)到要求。這時(shí)在工藝上多采用集中的方案，即把兩種或兩種以上的單一工序集中在一副模具內(nèi)

7、完成，稱為組合的方法不同，又可將其分為復(fù)合-級(jí)進(jìn)和復(fù)合-級(jí)進(jìn)三種組合方式。復(fù)合沖壓一一在壓力機(jī)的一次工作行程中，在模具的同一工位上同時(shí)完成兩種或兩種以上不同單一工序的一種組合方法式。級(jí)進(jìn)沖壓一一在壓力機(jī)上的一次工作行程中，按照一定的順序在同一模具的不同工位上完面兩種或兩種以上不同單一工序的一種組合方式。復(fù)合-進(jìn)一一在一副沖模上包含復(fù)合和級(jí)進(jìn)兩種方式的組合工序。沖模的結(jié)構(gòu)類型也很多。通常按工序性質(zhì)可分為沖裁模、彎曲模、拉深模和成形模等；按工序的組合方式可分為單工序模、復(fù)合模和級(jí)進(jìn)模等。但不論何種類型的沖模，都可看成是由上模和下模兩部分組成，上模被固定在壓力機(jī)工作臺(tái)或墊板上，是沖模的固定部分。工作

8、時(shí)，坯料在下模面上通過定位零件定位，壓力機(jī)滑塊帶動(dòng)上模下壓，在模具工作零件(即凸模、凹模)的作用下坯料便產(chǎn)生分離或塑性變形，從而獲得所需形狀與尺寸的沖件。上模回升時(shí)，模具的卸料與出件裝置將沖件或廢料從凸、凹模上卸下或推、頂出來，以便進(jìn)行下一次沖壓循3o3 .沖壓技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展方向隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步和工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的迅速發(fā)展，許多新技術(shù)、新工藝、新設(shè)備、新材料不斷涌現(xiàn)，因而促進(jìn)了沖壓技術(shù)的不斷革新和發(fā)展。其主要表現(xiàn)和發(fā)展方向如下：(1)沖壓成形理論及沖壓工藝方面沖壓成形理論的研究是提高沖壓技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)。目前，國內(nèi)外對(duì)沖壓成形理論的研究非常重視，在材料沖壓性能研究、沖壓成形過程應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分析、板料變形

9、規(guī)律研究及坯料與模具之間的相互作用研究等方面均取得了較大的進(jìn)展。特別是隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的飛躍發(fā)展和塑性變形理論的進(jìn)一步完善，近年來國內(nèi)外已開始應(yīng)用塑性成形過程的計(jì)算機(jī)模擬技術(shù)，即利用有限元(FEM等有值分析方法模擬金屬的塑性成形過程，根據(jù)分析結(jié)果，設(shè)計(jì)人員可預(yù)測某一工藝方案成形的可行性及可能出現(xiàn)的質(zhì)量問題，并通過在計(jì)算機(jī)上選擇修改相關(guān)參數(shù)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)工藝及模具的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。這樣既節(jié)省了昂貴的試模費(fèi)用，也縮短了制模具周期。研究推廣能提高生產(chǎn)率及產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、降低成本和擴(kuò)大沖壓工藝應(yīng)用范圍的各種壓新工藝，也是沖壓技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向之一。目前，國內(nèi)外相繼涌現(xiàn)出精密沖壓工藝、軟模成形工藝、高能高速成形工藝及無模多點(diǎn)成

10、形工藝等精密、高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)的沖壓新工藝。其中，精密沖裁是提高沖裁件質(zhì)量的有效方法，它擴(kuò)大了沖壓加工范圍，目前精密沖裁加工零件的厚度可達(dá)25mm精度可達(dá)IT1617級(jí)；用液體、橡膠、聚氨酯等作柔性凸?；虬寄５能浤３尚喂に嚕芗庸こ鲇闷胀庸し椒y以加工的材料和復(fù)雜形狀的零件，在特定生產(chǎn)條件下具有明顯的經(jīng)濟(jì)效果；采用爆炸等高能效成形方法對(duì)于加工各種尺寸在、形狀復(fù)雜、批量小、強(qiáng)度高和精度要求較高的板料零件，具有很重要的實(shí)用意義；利用金屬材料的超塑性進(jìn)行超塑成形，可以用一次成形代替多道普通的沖壓成形工序，這對(duì)于加工形狀復(fù)雜和大型板料零件具有突出的優(yōu)越性；無模多點(diǎn)成形工序是用高度可調(diào)的凸模群體代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)模具

11、進(jìn)行板料曲面成形的一種先進(jìn)技術(shù)，我國已自主設(shè)計(jì)制造了具有國際領(lǐng)先水平的無模多點(diǎn)成形設(shè)備，解決了多點(diǎn)壓機(jī)成形法，從而可隨意改變變形路徑與受力狀態(tài)，提高了材料的成形極限，同時(shí)利用反復(fù)成形技術(shù)可消除材料內(nèi)殘余應(yīng)力，實(shí)現(xiàn)無回彈成形。無模多點(diǎn)成形系統(tǒng)以CAD/CAM/CAE術(shù)為主要手段，能快速經(jīng)濟(jì)地實(shí)現(xiàn)三維曲面的自動(dòng)化成形。(2)沖模是實(shí)現(xiàn)沖壓生產(chǎn)的基本條件.在沖模的設(shè)計(jì)制造上，目前正朝著以下兩方面發(fā)展：一方面，為了適應(yīng)高速、自動(dòng)、精密、安全等大批量現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)的需要，沖模正向高效率、高精度、高壽命及多工位、多功能方向發(fā)展，與此相比適應(yīng)的新型模具材料及其熱處理技術(shù)，各種高效、精密、數(shù)控自動(dòng)化的模具加工機(jī)床和

12、檢測設(shè)備以及模具CAD/CA眼術(shù)也在迅速發(fā)展；另一方面，為了適應(yīng)產(chǎn)品更新?lián)Q代和試制或小批量生產(chǎn)的需要，鋅基合金沖模、聚氨酯橡膠沖模、薄板沖模、鋼帶沖模、組合沖模等各種簡易沖模及其制造技術(shù)也得到了迅速發(fā)展。精密、高效的多工位及多功能級(jí)進(jìn)模和大型復(fù)雜的汽車覆蓋件沖模代表了現(xiàn)代沖模的技術(shù)水平。目前，50個(gè)工位以上的級(jí)進(jìn)模進(jìn)距精度可達(dá)到2微米，多功能級(jí)進(jìn)模不僅可以完成沖壓全過程，還可完成焊接、裝配等工序。我國已能自行設(shè)計(jì)制造出達(dá)到國際水平的精度達(dá)25微米，進(jìn)距精度23微米，總壽命達(dá)1億次。我國主要汽車模具企業(yè)，已能生產(chǎn)成套轎車覆蓋件模具，在設(shè)計(jì)制造方法、手段方面已基本達(dá)到了國際水平，但在制造方法手段方

13、面已基本達(dá)到了國際水平，模具結(jié)構(gòu)、功能方面也接近國際水平，但在制造質(zhì)量、精度、制造周期和成本方面與國外相比還存在一定差距。4 .沖壓標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化及專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)方面模具的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化及專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，已得到模具行業(yè)和廣泛重視。因?yàn)闆_模屬單件小批量生產(chǎn)，沖模零件既具的一定的復(fù)雜性和精密性，又具有一定的結(jié)構(gòu)典型性。因此，只有實(shí)現(xiàn)了沖模的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，才能使沖模和沖模零件的生產(chǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)專業(yè)化、商品化，從而降低模具的成本，提高模具的質(zhì)量和縮短制造周期。目前，國外先進(jìn)工業(yè)國家模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)程度已達(dá)70%80%模具廠只需設(shè)計(jì)制造工作零件，大部分模具零件均從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件廠購買，使生產(chǎn)率大幅度提高。模具制造廠專業(yè)化程度越不定期越高，分工越來越細(xì)

14、，如目前有模架廠、頂桿廠、熱處理廠等，甚至某些模具廠僅專業(yè)化制造某類產(chǎn)品的沖裁?；驈澢?，這樣更有利于制造水平的提高和制造周期的縮短。我國沖模標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化與專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)近年來也有較大發(fā)展，除反映在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)廠家有較多增加外，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件品種也有擴(kuò)展，精度亦有提高。但總體情況還滿足不了模具工業(yè)發(fā)展的要求，主要體現(xiàn)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度還不高（一股在40犯下），標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的品種和規(guī)格較少，大多數(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件廠家未形成規(guī)?；a(chǎn)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件質(zhì)量也還存在較多問題。另外，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件生產(chǎn)的銷售、供貨、服務(wù)等都還有待于進(jìn)一步提高。IntroductionInthecurrentfiercemarketcompetition,theproduc

15、ttomarketsoonerorlaterisoftenthekeytothesuccessorfailure.Mouldisaproductofhighquality,highefficiencyproductiontool,molddevelopmentcycleofthemainpartoftheproductdevelopmentcycle.Sothecustomerrequirementsformolddevelopmentcycleshorter,manycustomersputthemoulddeliverydateinthefirstplace,andthenthequali

16、tyandprice.Therefore,howtoensurethequality,controlthecostunderthepremiseofprocessingmouldisaproblemworthyofseriousconsideration.Moldprocessingtechnologyisanadvancedmanufacturingtechnology,hasbecomeanimportantdevelopmentdirection,intheaerospace,automotive,machineryandotherindustrieswidelyused.Moldpro

17、cessingtechnology,canimprovethecomprehensivebenefitandcompetitivenessofmanufacturingindustry.Researchandestablishmoldprocessdatabase,provideproductionenterprisesurgentlyneedtohighspeedcuttingprocessingdata,tothepromotionofhigh-speedmachiningtechnologyhasveryimportantsignificance.Thisarticle'smai

18、ngoalistobuildastampingdieprocessing,moldmanufacturingenterprisesintheactualproductioncombinedcuttingtool,workpieceandmachinetoolwiththeactualsituationofenterpriseitselfaccumulatetohighspeedcuttingprocessinginstance,processparametersandexperienceofhighspeedcuttingdatabaseselectivelytostoredata,noton

19、lycansavealotofmanpowerandmaterialresources,financialresources,butalsocanguidethehighspeedmachiningproductionpractice,toimproveprocessingefficiency,reducethetoolingcostandobtainhighereconomicbenefits.1.Stampingtheconcept,characteristicsandapplicationsStampingisusingstampingequipmentinstalledinthe(ma

20、inly)onthemoldtopressureonthematerial,makeitsproduceaseparationorplasticdeformation,toobtaintherequiredparts(commonlyknownasstampingorstampingparts)ofapressureprocessingmethod.Stampingisusuallyatroomtemperaturetocolddeformationprocessingofmaterials,andmainlyadoptssheetmetaltoprocessedintotherequired

21、parts,soalsocalledcoldstampingorsheetmetalstamping.Stampingismaterialpressureprocessingoroneofthemainmethodsofplasticprocessing,belongingtomaterialmoldingengineeringtechnique.Usedbystampingmoldknownasthestampingdie,dieforshort.Dieisthematerial(metalornon-metallic)processingintosaltpiecesofspecialtoo

22、lsrequired.Isofvitalimportancetothedieinstamping,didnotconformtotherequirementsofpunchingdie,stampingproductionbatchisdifficult;Noadvancedpunchingdie,stampingprocessofadvancedcannotachieve.Stampingprocessanddie,stampingequipmentandmaterialstoformthethreeelementsofstampingprocessing,canonlydrawstampi

23、ngthemtogether.Comparedwithothermethodsofmechanicalprocessingandplasticprocessing,stampingprocessingbothintechnologyandeconomyhasmanyuniqueadvantages.Mainshowisasfollows:(1) thestampingprocessofhighproductionefficiency,andeasytooperate,easytorealizemechanizationandautomation.Thisisbecausethestamping

24、isdependonthedieandstampingequipmenttocompletetheprocessing,ordinarypressstroketimesperminutecanreachdozensoftimes,highpressuretocanreachmorethanhundredsoftimesorevenonethousandtimesperminute,andeverytimestampingstrokecangetonepiece.(2) whenthemoldtoensurethestampingprecisionstampingpartsofthesizean

25、dshape,andgenerallydoesnotdestroythesurfaceofthestampingpartsquality,andthelifeofthemouldarelong,sothestampingqualityisstable,goodcompatibility,hasthecharacteristicsof"thesame".(3) stampingmachiningsizerangeislarger,morecomplexshapeparts,suchassmalltowatchthestopwatch,bigtoautolongeron,cov

26、eringparts,etc.,andstampingmaterialhardeningeffectofcolddeformation,thestrengthandstiffnessofstampingwashigh.(4) stampinggenerallynochipbrokenmaterial,materialconsumptionisless,anddonotneedotherheatingequipment,itisakindofmaterial,machiningmethodofenergysaving,stampingpartsofthecostislow.However,sta

27、mpingprocessusedbymouldgenerallyhasspecificity,sometimesneedseveralsetsofmouldtoacomplexpartsprocessingandforming,andmoldmanufacturingofhighprecision,hightechnicalrequirements,isthetechnologyintensiveproduct.Therefore,onlyundertheconditionofthestampingproductionbatchisbigger,canfullyembodytheadvanta

28、gesofstampingprocessing,inordertogaingoodeconomicbenefits.Stampingprocessinginthemodernindustrialproduction,especiallytheyarewidelyusedinthemassproduction.Quiteanumberofindustrialsectorincreasinglybystampingpartsprocessingproducts,suchasautomobile,agriculturalmachinery,instruments,meters,electronic,

29、aviation,aerospace,electricalappliances,lightindustry,etc.Intheindustrialsector,theratioofstampingpartsarequitebig,lessismorethan60%,morethan90%above.Alotinthepastwithforging=manufacturingparts,castingandmachiningmethodnowmostalsoreplacedbylightweight,goodstiffnessofstamping.Therefore,ifyoudon't

30、dareusestampingprocessinproduction,manyindustrialdepartmenttoimproveproductionefficiencyandproductquality,reduceproductioncostandrapidproductupdateisdifficulttoachieve.2.ThebasicprocessofstampingandmoldBecausetherearemanydifferentkindsofstampingpartsprocessing,allkindsofsparepartsofshape,size,andthe

31、requirementofaccuracybutalsoeacharenotidentical,andthereforeusedintheproductionofstampingprocessmethodsarevaried.Insummary,canbedividedintotwocategories,separationprocessandformingprocess;Theoutlineofelectrodesintheseparationprocessisdirectedalongacertainlineofseparationandgetacertainshape,sizeandcr

32、osssectionqualityofstampingprocess(commonlyknownasblankingpieces);Electrodesintheformingprocessisdirectedundertheconditionofnotburstproduceplasticdeformationandtoobtainacertainshapeandsizeofthestampingprocess.Theabovetwokindsofprocess,accordingtothebasicdeformationindifferentwaysandcanbedividedintoc

33、utting,bending,deepdrawingandformingfourbasicprocesses,eachofthebasicprocessalsocontainsavarietyofsingleprocess.Inactualproduction,whenthestampingproductionbatchwithfewerlarger,sizeandtolerancerequirementissmall,ifusedispersedtostampingisnottheeconomyorevenasingleprocessisdifficulttomeettherequireme

34、nts.Thenuseconcentratedmoreoncraftscheme,wheretwoormoresingleprocessfocusedonthefinish,apairofmoldiscalledcombinationmethodisdifferent,anditcanbedividedintocompound-levelintoandcomposite-levelintothreecombinations.Compoundstamping-inapressworktrip,inthemoldofthesamestationatthesametimetocompletetwoo

35、rmorethantwodifferentsingleprocessofakindofcombinationmethod.Progressivestamping-inapressureonaworkingtrip,inacertainorderinthesamemouldofdifferentlocationonthesurfaceoftwoormorethantwodifferentsingleprocessofakindofcombination.Compound-progressive-onapairofdiewithcompositeandthelevelintothecombinat

36、ionofthetwowaysofworkingprocedure.Thetypeofpunchingdiestructureisverymuchalso.Usuallyaccordingtothenatureoftheprocesscanbedividedintotheblankingdie,bendingdie,drawingdieandformingmould,etc.;Accordingtotheprocessofcombinationcanbedividedintoprogressivediedie,compounddieandthesingleprocess,etc.Butnoma

37、tterwhattypeofpunchingdie,canberegardedastheupperdieandlowerdieoftwoparts,theupperdiewasfixedinpressatableorontheplate,isafixedpartofthedie.Work,billetnextmoldsurfacepartswithlocationpositioning,pressontheslidertodrivemouldpress,inthemoldworkingparts(punchanddie)undertheactionofbilletandproduceasepa

38、rationorplasticdeformation,soastoobtaintherequiredshapeandsizeofthestamping.Recoveryofupperdie,moldunloadingandadevicetosaltpiecesorwastedischargedfromtheconvexandconcavedie,orpush,topout,stampingforthenextcycle.3.StampingtechnologypresentsituationanddevelopingdirectionAlongwiththeadvanceofsciencean

39、dtechnologyandtherapiddevelopmentofindustrialproduction,manynewtechnologies,newprocesses,newequipment,newmaterialsconstantlyemerging,andthustopromotethecontinuousinnovationanddevelopmentofstampingtechnology.Themainperformanceandthedevelopmentdirectionisasfollows:(1) .Stampingtheoryandstampingprocess

40、instampingtheoryresearchistoimprovethestampingtechnology.Atpresent,theresearchontheoryofstampingveryseriously,inmaterialperformanceresearch,stampinglawofstressandstrainanalysis,thedeformationofsheetmetalformingprocessresearchandtheinteractionbetweenbilletandmoldandsoonhavemadegreaterprogress.Especia

41、llywiththerapiddevelopmentofcomputertechnologyandthetheoryofplasticdeformationoffurtherperfect,hasbeenusedathomeandabroadinrecentyears,theplasticformingprocessofcomputersimulationtechnology,theuseoffiniteelementmethod(FEM)andvalueanalysismethodtosimulatethemetalplasticformingprocess,accordingtothean

42、alysisresults,designerscanpredictthefeasibilityofaformingprocessandthepossiblequalityproblems,andthroughtherevisionrelatedparametersonthecomputer,whichcanrealizetheoptimizationoftechnologyanddiedesign.Thissavesexpensivetest,alsoshortenedthemouldcycle.Researchpromotioncanincreaseproductivityandproduc

43、tquality,reducecostsandexpandthescopeofapplicationofallkindsofnewtechnology,stampingprocessisalsooneofthedevelopmentdirectionofstampingtechnology.Atpresent,bothathomeandabroadhavesprungupprecisionstampingprocess,thesoftmouldformingprocess,highenergymouldmulti-pointformingtechnologysuchashighspeedfor

44、mingprocessandprecisionstampingprocessforanew,efficientandeconomic.Amongthem,thefineblankingisoneoftheeffectivemethodstoimprovethequalityofblankingpieces,itexpandedthestampingprocessingrange,atpresentthethicknessoffineblankingprocessingpartscanbeupto25mm,precisioncanreachIT16grade17;Usingliquid,rubb

45、er,polyurethane,etcasthesoftmodeofflexiblepunchordieformingtechnology,canworkoutwithordinaryprocessingmethodsaredifficulttomachiningmaterialsandcomplexshapeparts,undertheconditionofspecificproductionhasobviouseconomiceffect;Explosionenergyefficient,suchasformingmethodsforprocessingcomplicatedinallsi

46、zes,shapes,smallbulk,highstrengthandhighaccuracyofsheetmetalparts,hasveryimportantpracticalsignificance;Usingsupermoldingsuperplasticityofmetalmaterials,canbeusedinsteadofaformingmultichannelcommonstampingprocess,forprocessingcomplicatedshapeandlargesheetmetalpartshasprominentadvantages;Nomoldmulti-

47、pointformingprocessishighlyadjustablepunchgroupinsteadoftraditionalmouldsforsheetmetalsurfaceformingakindofadvancedtechnology,ourcountryhasindependentdesignandmanufactureoftheinternationalleadinglevelofmulti-pointformingequipment,tosolvethemulti-pointpressformingmethod,whichcanchangethedeformationpa

48、thandstressstate,improvestheforminglimitofmaterial,atthesametimeuserepeatedlyformingtechnologycaneliminatetheresidualstressinthematerial,formingspringbackisrealized.Nomoldmulti-pointforming(MPF)systemwithCAD/CAM/CAEtechnologyasmainmeans,rapideconomytorealizetheautomationof3dsurfaceshape.(2) dieisthe

49、realizationofthebasicconditionsofstampingproduction.Indiedesignandmanufacture,atpresentisdevelopingtowardsthefollowingtwoaspects:ontheonehand,inordertoadapttohighspeed,automatic,precise,security,andsoonlargequantitiesoftheneedofmodernproduction,punchingdieandlifeexpectancyishighefficiency,highprecis

50、ion,hightransfer,multi-functiondirection,bycontrasttoadapttothenewdiematerialandheattreatmenttechnology,allkindsofhighefficiency,precision,CNCautomaticmouldmachineandtestingequipmentandmouldCAD/CAMtechnologyisinrapiddevelopment;Upgrading,ontheotherhand,inordertoadapttotheproductandtheneedoftrialprod

51、uctionandsmallbatchproduction,zincbasealloydie,polyurethanerubberpunchingdie,dieplateandsteelbeltpunch,suchasthesimplecombinationdiedieandmanufacturingtechnologyhasbeendevelopingrapidly.Precision,highefficiencyofmultistepprogressivedieandthemulti-functionandlargecomplexautomotivecoveringpartsdierepr

52、esentsthemoderntechnologyofprogressivedie.Atpresent,morethan50locationprecisionprogressivedieintothedistancecanbeupto2microns,multifunctionalandcannotonlycompletethewholestampingprocessofprogressivedie,butalsocancompletethewelding,assemblyprocess,etc.InChinahasbeenabletodesignandproduceprecisionhasr

53、eachedtheinternationallevelof25microns,intofrom23micronprecision,totallifeover100milliontimes.Majorautomobilemouldenterprisesinourcountry,hasbeenabletoproductionofcompletesetsofcarcoveringmould,intermsofdesignandmanufacturingmethodsandmeanshasbasicallyreachedtheinternationallevel,butintermsofmanufacturingmethodshasbasicallyreachedtheinternationallevel,mouldstructureandfunctionwasclosetothei