2019年高考英語全程訓練計劃：專練（5） 推理判斷題

1、.專練五推理判斷題強化訓練1A2019·湖北四地七校高三聯(lián)考When it's five o'clock，people leave their office.The length of the workday，for many workers，is defined by time.They leave when the clock tells them they're done.These days，the time is everywhere：not just on clocks or watches，but on cellphones and comput

2、ers.That may be a bad thing，particularly at work.New research shows that clock­based work schedules hinder morale士氣and creativity.Clock­timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours.For example：a meeting from 9 am.to 10 am.，research from 10 am.to noon，etc.On the other hand，task&

3、#173;timers have a list of things they want to accomplish.They work down the list；each task starts when the previous task is completed.It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What，then，are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways？Does one make us more

4、 productive？Better at the tasks at hand？Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne­Laure Sellier，they had participants organize different activitiesfrom project planning，holiday shopping，to yogaby time or to­do list to measure how they performed under “clock time vs.“task ti

5、meThey found clock­timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives.Task­timers are happier and more creative，but less productive.They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening，and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers

6、argue that task­based organizing tends to be undervalued and under­supported in business culture.Smart companies，they believe，will try to bake more task­based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office，but the researchers argue t

7、hat it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy：work organized by clock time.While most people will still probably need，and be，to some extent，clock­timers，task­based timing should be used when they are performing a job that requires more creativity.It'll make those tasks e

8、asier，and the task­doers will be happier.1What is the way people often do their work according to the author?AThey give priority to the most urgent task on hand.BThey set a time limit for each specific task.CThey combine clock­based and task­based planning.DThey accomplish their tasks

9、 one by one.2What did the researchers find in their experiments on clock­timers?AThey tend to be more productive.BThey seize opportunities as they come up.CThey always get their work done in time.DThey have more control over their lives.3What is the researchers' opinion about today's bu

10、siness culture?AIt does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.BIt attaches more importance to work efficiency than to workers' lives.CIt aims to bring employees' potential and creativity into full play.DIt does not lay enough emphasis on task­based practice.4From the pas

11、sage，we can conclude that _.Ait is important to keep a balance between work and lifeBtask­based timing is preferred for doing creative workCperforming creative jobs tends to make workers happierDa scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation【解題導語】本文是一篇對時鐘型和任務型兩種工作方式的研究報告?！倦y句分析】While

12、most people will still probably need，and be，to some extent，clock­timers，task­based timing should be used when they are performing a job that requires more creativity.分析：本句中While引導讓步狀語從句，意思是“雖然，相當于although；when they are performing a job是when引導的時間狀語從句；that requires more creativity是一個定語從句，先行詞

13、是a job。譯文：雖然大多數(shù)人仍然很可能在某種程度上需要或者成為時鐘計時型的人，但是他們在做需要更多創(chuàng)造力的工作時還是應當使用任務型的時間安排。1C考察細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning可知，人們采用了這兩種方式的復合型工作方式，因此選項C“他們把時鐘型和任務型的方案結合起來是正確的。選項A、B和D的信息在文中無處可尋，所以都是錯誤的。give priority to.意為“給以優(yōu)先考慮；on hand意為“在手邊；set a time limit for.意為

14、“給設定時限。2A考察細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“They found clock­timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives.Task­timers are happier and more creative，but less productive可知，采用時鐘計時型工作方式的人效率更高，采用任務計時型工作方式的人更開心，但是效率較低。所以選A。3D考察推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段首句“The researchers argue that t

15、ask­based organizing tends to be undervalued and under­supported in business culture可知，研究人員認為任務型的工作方式在商業(yè)文化中往往被低估并且缺乏支持。應選項D“它商業(yè)文化沒有充分強調任務型的理論正確。4B考察推理判斷。根據(jù)末段中的“task­based timing should be used when they are performing a job that requires more creativity可知，在做需要更多創(chuàng)造力的工作時還是應當使用任務型的工作方式。應

16、選B項。根據(jù)第四段中的“Task­timers are happier and more creative, but less productive和末段的末句“It'll make those tasks easier, and the task­doers will be happier可知，文中講述的是采用任務計時型工作方式的人更開心，且更有創(chuàng)造力，但并不意味著做有創(chuàng)造力的工作會讓人們更開心，所以選項C是錯誤的；選項A和D的內容在文中沒有提及，是主觀臆斷，因此也是錯誤的。B2019·長春市質量監(jiān)測一Lately a popular bookstore

17、 in Hefei，Anhui Province，has risen_to_fame because it becomes the world's first shared bookstore，in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.It comes to people's attention as more than 200,000 visitors flooded the store on its first day as a shared bookstore on July 16 t

18、his year，a record high since it was reopened to the public in 2019.Some 4,000 books were brought home on the first day，T reported.Customers are allowed to borrow up to two books valued at under 150 yuan per visit after registering with an app and paying the 99 yuan deposit押金All books on sale in the

19、bookstore are available for sharing.Returned books that are damaged are sold at a discount.The bookstore also provides a bonus for bookworms.People who finish reading 12 books in three months receive eight percent of their deposit back，and members can be rewarded with one yuan for every book read.“W

20、e want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books， Xu Xinwei，who helps run the bookstore，told T.Some parents buy a lot of books for their children，but they usually end up collecting dust as their children grow up.Similarly，some popular novels for young people also fall out of

21、fashion，according to Xu.“Books are more effectively circulated when they're shared.5The bookstore becomes a shared one _.Ato make more moneyBto make more room for new booksCto inspire more people to readDto recommend new books6What does the underlined phrase “risen to fame in Paragraph 1 probabl

22、y mean?ABecome well­known. BSettled down.CBroken up. DTaken over.7What can we infer from the passage?AThe bookstore was once the best in Anhui Province.BThe books that are sold here can't be borrowed.CMore than 4,000 books were taken home on July 16 in 2019.DThe cost of reading can be reduc

23、ed by sharing the books.8What does the bookstore do to attract more readers?AThe bookstore encourages parents to buy more books for their children.BThe readers are allowed to borrow the books unconditionally.CThe readers who are members can receive one yuan for every book read.DThe bookstore is cons

24、idering offering a bonus for anyone who likes reading.【解題導語】本文介紹了安徽省合肥市成立的世界上第一家共享書店，該書店鼓勵人們閱讀更多的書?！倦y句分析】People who finish reading 12 books in three months receive eight percent of their deposit back，and members can be rewarded with one yuan for every book read.分析：本句中who finish reading 12 books in t

25、hree months為定語從句，修飾先行詞People，關系代詞who在定語從句中作主語，指人。譯文：在三個月內讀完12本書的人可以得到百分之八的押金，并且會員每讀完一本書可以得到一元錢的獎勵。5C考察細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“it becomes the world's first shared bookstore, in a move meant to encourage more reading可知，這個書店成為一家共享書店是為了更好地推廣閱讀。應選C項。6A考察詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段中的“popular一詞，以及第二段中的“more than 200,000 visitors

26、flooded the store on its first day as a shared bookstore on July 16 this year，a record high since it was reopened to the public可知，這家書店應該很受歡送。rise to fame意為“知名。應選A項。7D考察推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“We want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books可推知，共享圖書可能會降低閱讀本錢，這樣人們可以閱讀更多書。應選D項。B項錯在“can

27、9;t be borrowed，這與文中的“Customers are allowed to borrow和“All books on sale in the bookstore are available for sharing不符。文章提到這家書店于2019年重新對公眾開放，今年7月16日成了一家共享書店并有約4000本書被讀者帶回家，故C項錯誤。8C考察細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“and members can be rewarded with one yuan for every book read可知，共享書店的會員每讀一本書可以得到一元錢的獎勵。應選C項。文章中提到有些家長為孩子買了

28、很多書，但并沒有提到書店鼓勵家長為孩子多買書，A項錯誤；B項錯在unconditionally ，與文中的“Customers are allowed to borrow up to two books valued at under 150 yuan per visit after registering with an app and paying the 99 yuan deposit鉀金不符；文章提到共享書店的會員每讀一本書可以得到一元錢的獎勵，并不是每一位愛好讀書的人都能得到獎勵，故D項錯誤。C2019·山東省實驗中學高三第一次模擬考試After one of his cl

29、ose family friends known for her generosity died of cancer in 2019,26­year­old Luke Cameron decided to do at least one good deed a day，for 365 days，and he has not missed yet.The Gloucester resident performed his first good deed on January 1,2019，with the simple act off greeting a waitress

30、at a cafe he visited.The next day he bought food and drinks for some homeless people and followed it up by donating coins to a woman，who did not have enough to feed a parking meter.Though most of his kind gestures have been welcomed，Luke says there have been a few awkward situations.When he was atte

31、mpting to give away a 20 bill to an elderly lady whose granddaughter was doubtful of his intentions and the time he bought a sausage roll臘腸卷for a homeless man，he happened to be a vegetarian.The majority of Luke's good deeds，which have been recorded in an online diary，have been about helping peop

32、le with small things.He helped to take out the garbage for an elderly neighbor or helped a disabled lady pick out a dress for a party.However，the young man has also spent close to4 000 of his own money，buying groceries or gifts for the children in need.To try to encourage others to perform good deed

33、s，Luke has created a deck of cards called“Cards for KindnessEach suggests a simple act of kindnessthings like giving a stranger a hug or making peace with an enemy.The best part is that all the money he collects from distributing the cards is donated to the British Heart Foundation, a charity that h

34、elps the homeless.Luke's generosity has not gone unnoticed.To reward the young man, Dominos recently awarded him a year's supply of free pizza.Not surprisingly，the big­hearted youngster has decided to use the gift to hold special pizza days for charity.9What inspired Luke to determine t

35、o do good deeds?AThe death of a generous friend.BThe simple act of a waitress.CThe suffering of homeless people.DThe experience at a parking lot.10What happened when Luke tried to help the elderly lady?AHis kind deed was appreciated.BShe turned out to be a vegetarian.CHe bought a sausage roll for a

36、homeless man.DHe was misunderstood by her granddaughter.11What can we learn about Luke's good deeds?AHe was employed by a British charity.BHe only helped people with small things.CHe encouraged good deeds through cards.DHe raised 4 000 for the children in need.12What can be inferred from the las

37、t paragraph?ADominos offered gifts to the charity.BLuke was not surprised at the pizza.CLuke was awarded by the government.DLuke would donate the pizza to others.【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Luke堅持每天做好事的故事。長難句分析：The best part is that all the money he collects from distributing the cards is donated to the Briti

38、sh Heart Foundation, a charity that helps the homeless.倒數(shù)第二段最后一句分析：本句是復合句。第一個that引導表語從句；he collects from distributing the cards為省略了關系代詞的定語從句，先行詞是all the money；第二個that引導定語從句，先行詞是charity，that在從句中作主語，同時a charity that helps the homeless作the British Heart Foundation的同位語。譯文：最棒的是，他把分發(fā)卡片搜集來的所有的錢都捐贈給了英國心臟基金會

39、，一個幫助無家可歸者的慈善機構。詞匯積累：generosity n大方 awkward adj.令人為難的 vegetarian n素食者 unnoticed adj.被無視的，不被注意的9A細節(jié)理解題。After one of his close family friends known for her generosity died of cancer in 2019,26­year­old Luke Cameron decided to do at least one good deed a day，for 365 days，and he has not missed

40、 yet.第一段譯文：2019年，一個大方的好朋友因癌癥去世后，26歲的Luke Cameron決定365天每天至少做一件好事，他沒有食言。解題思路：根據(jù)關鍵句可知，是Luke的一個大方的朋友的去世鼓勵了他去做好事。應選A項。10D細節(jié)理解題。When he was attempting to give away a 20 bill to an elderly lady whose granddaughter was doubtful of his intentions.第三段第二句譯文：當他試圖給一個老婦人20英鎊的時候，她的孫女對他的意圖有所疑心解題思路：根據(jù)關鍵句可知，當Luke準備幫助

41、那個老婦人的時候，遭到了老婦人的孫女的誤解。應選D項。11C細節(jié)理解題。To try to encourage others to perform good deeds，Luke has created a deck of cards called “Cards for Kindness倒數(shù)第二段第一句譯文：為了鼓勵別人做好事，Luke創(chuàng)造了一副名為“好事卡的卡片。解題思路：根據(jù)關鍵句可知，Luke通過卡片來鼓勵別人做好事。應選C項。12D推理判斷題。To reward the young man, Dominos recently awarded him a year's suppl

42、y of free pizza.Not surprisingly, the big­hearted youngster has decided to use the gift to hold special pizza days for charity.最后一段第二、三句譯文：為了獎勵這個年輕人，Dominos最近獎勵給他一年的免費披薩供給。毫不驚訝，這位好心的年輕人決定用這個禮物為慈善機構舉辦特殊的披薩日。解題思路：根據(jù)關鍵句可推知，Luke會把Dominos給他的披薩捐贈給其別人。應選D項。強化訓練2A2019·綿陽市高中第一次診斷性測試Road tripMotorho

43、me delivery offers great family holidays.For just $1 a day，you can hire a fully­equipped motorhome，which delivers you to a specific destination within some days and kilometers.You then hire another one to get home or take a bus or train.Your only other expense will be fuel and about $20 a day f

44、or parking fees.To learn more，visit .Plan aheadFor a comfortable break，flexibility with times，dates and places helps lower the cost.Find a few hotels you like，ask about their vacant rooms，then wait a few weeks and call again.If they still have rooms，you're at an advantage to ask for a better pri

45、ce.Lots of last­minute deals are online.Watif.auhas deals on hotels that have dropped their prices so low.You don't know where you're staying until it's booked，but anywhere with four or five stars has to be fairly good.Back to natureWild camping appeals to nature lovers and costs no

46、thing.This is forbidden on beaches and parks in most urban areas，but you can turn up in more distant areas as long as nobody owns the land.You'll need to take everything with you and may need to shop on eBay.auIf you're a camping beginner，be aware of safety measures and get your questions an

47、swered on the Internet.Swap meetHow about a home swap？For a$250 yearly joining cost，you can stay in someone's home in an international place of your choice while they or someone else stays in yours.Find out more at .au.1Where can you get the information about motorhomes?A.B.au.C.au.D.au.2What he

48、lps to pay less for rooms in a hotel?AChoosing hotels with four or five stars.BBargaining prices through the Internet.CWaiting for some time before booking.DDeciding on rooms as early as possible.3What's the advice for camping beginners?AKeep in touch with eBay.BWatch out for possible dangers.CS

49、tay away from no­man's­land.DTake only what you need.4What's the purpose of the text?ATo teach the importance of running away from work.BTo introduce new destinations for nature lovers.CTo show the advantages of online services.DTo help people have fun at less expense.【解題導語】本文主要介紹了

50、幾種便利且實惠的出游住宿方式?！倦y句分析】For just $1 a day, you can hire a fully­equipped motorhome，which delivers you to a specific destination within some days and kilometers.分析：本句是一個復合句。which引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞a fully­equipped motorhome。譯文：一天才一美元，你就可以租一個裝備齊全的旅宿車，它可以在幾天或者幾公里內把你送到一個詳細的目的地。1A考察細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段

51、最后一句“To learn more，visit 可知，在這個網(wǎng)站可以理解到更多關于motorhomes的信息，應選A。2C考察細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第二句和第三句“Find a few hotels you like.you're at an advantage to ask for a better price可知，在預訂前等一段時間有可能會使你支付更少的房間費用，應選C。根據(jù)第二段的“anywhere with four or five stars has to be fairly good可知，任何的四星或五星級的房間必定相當好，但這和找低價的賓館并沒有直接聯(lián)絡，故A項錯誤；根據(jù)

52、第二段倒數(shù)第三句“Lots of last­minute deals are online可知，許多最后一分鐘的交易一般都是在網(wǎng)上進展的，但這并不意味著可以在網(wǎng)上討價還價，故B項錯誤；根據(jù)第二段中的“find a few.for a better price可知D項錯誤。3B考察細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“If you're a camping beginner, be aware of safety measures and get your questions answered on the Internet可知，對于野外露營的新手，要特別關注平安問題，應選B。4D考察

53、寫作意圖。根據(jù)文章的整體內容可知，本文主要介紹了幾種便利且實惠的出游住宿方式，應選D。A項文中并未提及；B項錯在給自然愛好者介紹新的目的地，文章中只有第三段是針對自然愛好者的建議，而非整篇文章的目的；C項錯在為了顯示網(wǎng)絡效勞的優(yōu)越性，本文介紹的四種出游住宿方式確實都提到了不同的網(wǎng)站，但是最終目的是可以通過網(wǎng)絡獲得比較低的出行本錢，故排除。B2019·山東師大附中高三第八次模擬考試Many a young person tells me that he wants to be a writer.I always encourage such people，but I also expl

54、ain that there's a big difference between “being a writer and writing.In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame，not the long hours alone at a typewriter.“You've got to want to write， I say to them，“not want to be a writer.The reality is that writing is a lonely，private

55、and poor­paying affair.For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded.When I left a 20­year career in the US.Coast Guard to become a freelance writer，I had no prospects at all：what I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apart

56、ment building.I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and left like a genuine writer.After a year or so，however，I still hadn't gotten a break and began to doubt myself.It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat.But I knew I wanted to write.I had dreamed about it for year

57、s.I wasn't going to be one of those people who die wondering，what if? I would keep putting my dream to the testeven though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure.This is the shadowland of hope，and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.5The passage is meant to _.Awarn young p

58、eople of the hardships that a successful writer has to experienceBadvise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writerCshow young people it's unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fameDencourage young people to pursue a writing career6“.people who die wondering，what if？Para.3 refers to “those _Awho think too much of the dark side of lifeBwho regret giving up their career halfwayCwho think a lot without making a decisionDwho are full of imagination even upon death7The under