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1、2018年考研英語必備詞根總結(jié)很多同學提到記單詞就頭疼,感覺單詞總也背不完、記不會,實際上英文的構詞與中文的偏旁部首有著異曲同工之妙,要想快速牢固記憶,就要學會利用詞根、詞綴知識來解構單詞,從而在理解中分析單詞、記憶單詞。掌握相應的詞根、詞綴和單詞構成知識,就可以以一帶十,用四兩撥千金的“巧力”記住海量單詞?;诳佳杏⒄Z的大綱詞匯及高頻詞匯,為了提高各位同學的英語詞匯記憶效率,請同學們率先從以下詞根串聯(lián)起的必考詞匯入手學習,從而使自己的詞匯學習由多變少,由生變熟,由難變易,使學習英語單詞成為一種樂趣、一種富有成就感的事情。詞根:pos, posit = put放置1. compose助記:co

2、m(共同)+ pos(放)+ e放到一起組成釋義:v.組成,寫作,作曲舉例:(1) The force would be composed of troops from NATO countries.該部隊將由北約各國的軍隊組成。(2) Vivaldi composed a large number of very fine concertos.維瓦爾蒂創(chuàng)作了大量非常優(yōu)美的協(xié)奏曲。2. dispose助記:dis(分開)+ pos(放)+ e分開放布置釋義:v.處理,處置,布置舉例:Dispose of these old newspapers.把這些舊報紙?zhí)幚淼簟?. exposure助記:

3、ex(出)+ pos(放)+ ure放出去曝光釋義:n.暴露,揭露,曝光,揭發(fā)舉例:Exposure to lead is known to damage the brains of young children.已知接觸鉛會損害幼童的大腦。4. impose助記:im(使)+ pos(放)+ e強行放置強加釋義:v.征稅,強加,施影響舉例:Parents should beware of imposing their own tastes on their children.父母應該提防把自己的興趣強加給孩子。5. opposite助記:op(反)+ pos(放)+ ite反著放相對的釋義:

4、a.相對的,對立的;n.相反的事物舉例:Jennie had sat opposite her at breakfast.吃早餐時,珍妮已坐在她的對面。6. propose助記:pro(提前)+ pose(指出)提前指出提議釋義:v.提議,建議舉例:Hamilton proposed a change in the traditional debating format.漢密爾頓建議對傳統(tǒng)的辯論形式作一個改變。7. deposit助記:de(向下)+ pos(放)+ it向下放沉淀釋義:n.堆積物,沉淀物,存款,押金;v.存放,堆積,沉淀舉例:(1) I put down a $500 sec

5、urity deposit for another apartment.我為另一套公寓支付了$500押金。(2) There is some deposit in the bottom of the cup.這只燒杯的底部有些沉淀物。詞根:press =壓1. pressure助記:press(壓,逼迫)+ ure(名詞后綴)壓力釋義:n.壓力,壓迫,強制,緊迫舉例:My father suffers from high blood pressure.我父親有高血壓。2. compress助記:com(加強)+ press(壓)使勁壓壓縮釋義:v.壓縮,摘要敘述舉例:He never unde

6、rstood how to organize or compress large masses of material.他從來不懂如何組織或縮簡大篇材料。3. depress助記:de(向下)+ press(擠壓)壓下使消沉釋義:v.使沮喪,使消沉,使蕭條舉例:I must admit the state of the country depresses me.我必須承認國家的形勢令我沮喪。4. express助記:ex(出)+ press(擠壓)把擠壓出來表達釋義:a.急速的,特殊的;n.快車,快遞;v.表達,表示舉例:(1) A special express service is ava

7、ilable by fax.一項特快服務通過傳真可以實現(xiàn)。(2) I wish to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to you again.我借此機會再一次地向大家表示衷心的感謝。5. impress助記:im(進入)+ press(壓)壓進去蓋印釋義:v.印,蓋印,留下印象舉例:Their honesty and hospitality leave an indelible impress on her life.他們的誠實與好客給她一生留下了難以磨滅的印象。詞根:min = stand out突出1. pr

8、ominent助記:pro(向前,在前)+ min(伸出,突出)+ ent(的)向前伸出的突出的釋義:a.卓越的,顯著的,突出的舉例:Einstein was a prominent scientist.愛因斯坦是一位卓越的科學家。2. eminent助記:e(出)+ min(突出)+ ent 突出的杰出的釋義:a.顯赫的,杰出的,出眾的舉例:Eminent physicists from all over the world came to the United States to celebrate the centennial of Einstein's birth.全世界著名的

9、物理學家來到美國慶祝愛因斯坦誕生一百周年。3. preeminent助記:pre(前的)+eminent(杰出的)超過杰出的卓越的釋義:a.卓越的,出色的舉例:Europe was poised to reassert its traditional preeminence in Western art.歐洲準備重新確立其在西方藝術上的傳統(tǒng)卓越地位。4. imminent助記:im(進入)+ min(伸出,突出)+ ent 伸進來即將來臨的釋義:a.即將來臨的,逼近的舉例:There appeared no imminent danger.眼前似乎沒有危險。詞根:cide, cis = cut

10、, kill切,殺1. precision助記:pre + cis(切)+ ion(名詞后綴)像用刀切過的一樣精確釋義:n.精確,精密度,精度舉例:These instruments are capable of very high precision.這些儀器可以達到很高的精密度。2. incisive助記:in(向內(nèi))+ cis(切)+ ive深刻的釋義:a.深刻的,尖銳的,激烈的舉例:He gave a clear and incisive presentation of the matter.他對整件事做出了一個清楚而又深刻的描述。3. excide助記:ex(出)+ cide(切)切

11、出去切除釋義:vt.切開,切除,刪除舉例:It is necessary to excide the tumor in time.及時切除腫瘤是很有必要的。4. suicide助記:sui(自己)+ cide(切,殺)自己殺自己自殺釋義:n./vi.自殺a.自殺性的舉例:For one reason or another, she committed suicide.不知什么原因,她自殺了。5. homicide助記:homi(人)+ cide(切,殺)殺人釋義:n.殺人,殺人者舉例:He has been charged with homicide.他被控告殺人。6. patricide助記

12、:patri(父親)+ cide(殺)殺父釋義:n.殺父舉例:Cultural patricide is caused by ignorance!文化弒父,其實是無知弒父!詞根:tract = pull拉1. attract助記:at(加強)+ tract(拉)把注意力拉過來吸引釋義:v.吸引,引起注意舉例:The flower show attracted large crowds this year.今年的花展吸引了大批觀眾。2. abstract助記:abs+ tract(拉)被拉開使心不在焉釋義:a.抽象的,理論的,深奧的;n.摘要,概要;v.使心不在焉;摘要,提煉舉例:(1) Abs

13、tract paintings did not appeal to him.抽象派繪畫引不起他的興趣。(2) She tried to abstract my attention from my work.她企圖轉(zhuǎn)移我對工作的注意力。3. subtract助記:sub(在下面)+ tract(拉)拉下來減去釋義:v.減去舉例:If you subtract 2 from 8, you get 6.8減去2是6。4. distract助記:dis(分開)+ tract(拉)(注意力)被拉開分散釋義:v.分散,轉(zhuǎn)移舉例:The film managed to distract me from th

14、ese problems for a while.這部影片分散了我的注意力,讓我暫時忘記了這些難題。5. contract助記:con(共同)+ tract(拉,拽)將雙方利益拉到一起合同釋義:n.合同,契約,婚約;v.定約舉例:You have to contract with us for this business.為了這次交易,你必須和我們簽訂合同。詞根mini = small小的1. minimum助記:mini(小)+ m + um(數(shù))小的數(shù)最小值釋義:a.最小的,最低的;n.最小值,最小化舉例:Repairing your car will cost a minimum of

15、100 dollars.修理你的汽車最少要100美元。2. minimize助記:mini(小)+ m + ize(動詞后綴)使小最小化釋義:v.最小化,將減到最小舉例:Governments consider it prudent to minimize the risk.各國政府均認為把這種危害降低到最小程度的做法是明智的。3.minority助記:minor(小或者少)+ity(表名詞)少的狀態(tài)少數(shù)釋義:n.少數(shù),少數(shù)民族舉例:These children are only a small minority.這些孩子只是很少的一部分。4. diminish助記:di + mini(小)+

16、 (i)sh(使)縮小減少釋義:v.(使)減少,(使)變少舉例:Unexpected expenses diminished the size of my bank account.意外的開支使我的銀行存款減少了。詞根:fer = bring, carry帶,拿1. confer助記:con(共同)+ fer(帶,拿)大家都帶來觀點協(xié)商釋義:v.協(xié)議,協(xié)商,贈與,授予舉例:He conferred with Hill and others in his office.他和希爾以及他辦公室里的其他人進行了商議。2. infer助記:in(進入)+ fer(帶來,拿來)帶來意義推斷釋義:v.推斷舉

17、例:I inferred from what she said that you have not been well.我從她的話里推斷出你身體一直不大好。3. offer助記:of(一再)+ fer(帶來,拿來)一再帶來提供釋義:n. v.提供,出價,提議舉例:Rhys offered him an apple.里斯給他一個蘋果。4. prefer助記:pre(在前的,預先)+ fer(帶來)先帶來更喜歡釋義:v.更喜歡,寧愿舉例:Does he prefer a particular sort of music? I much prefer jazz to rock music.他有特別喜

18、歡的音樂嗎?我喜歡爵士樂遠勝過搖滾樂。5. transfer助記:trans(變換,交換)+ fer(帶)轉(zhuǎn)移過去轉(zhuǎn)移釋義:n.遷移,調(diào)任,轉(zhuǎn)賬,過戶;v.轉(zhuǎn)移,調(diào)任,轉(zhuǎn)讓舉例:I was transferred to the book department.我被調(diào)到了圖書部。6. fertile助記:fer(帶來,拿來)+ t + ile(能的)能帶來糧食的肥沃的釋義:a.肥沃的,富饒的,能繁殖的舉例:It was a pleasant fertile spot, well wooded and rich in pasture.那是一個富饒的,使人愉快的地方,材木蒼然,牧草豐富。詞根:ver

19、s, vert = trun轉(zhuǎn)1. divert助記:di(離開)+ vert(轉(zhuǎn))轉(zhuǎn)離開轉(zhuǎn)移釋義:v.轉(zhuǎn)移,轉(zhuǎn)向,使高興舉例:They want to divert the attention of the people from the real issues.他們想把人民的注意力從真正的問題上轉(zhuǎn)移開。2. convert助記:con(共同)+ vert(轉(zhuǎn))轉(zhuǎn)換釋義:v.使轉(zhuǎn)變,轉(zhuǎn)換,使改變信仰舉例:It is easy to convert metric measurements to U.S. equivalents.把公制度量衡換算成美制度量衡很容易。3. reverse助記:re

20、(反)+ vers(轉(zhuǎn))+ e反轉(zhuǎn)的相反的釋義:a.相反的,顛倒的;v.顛倒;n.相反,背面,倒退舉例:The wrong attitude will have exactly the reverse effect.這種錯誤的態(tài)度會得到恰好相反的結(jié)果。4. converse助記:con(共同)+ vers(轉(zhuǎn))+ e兩個共同對著轉(zhuǎn)相反的釋義:a.相反的,顛倒的;v.談話;n.相反的事物倒,逆行舉例:I believe the converse of what you are saying.我相信的和你說的正相反。5. versatile助記:vers(轉(zhuǎn))+ at + ile(易于的)易于轉(zhuǎn)換

21、角色的多才多藝的釋義:a.多才多藝的,萬能的,通用的舉例:Aileen stands out for her incredible versatility as an actress.作為一名女演員,艾琳以其難以置信的多才多藝而出類拔萃。詞根:mir = wonder驚奇,驚異1. mirror助記:mirr(=mir,驚奇,看)+ or(物)使自己驚奇的東西鏡子釋義:n.鏡子,典范;v.反映舉例:He absent-mindedly looked at himself in the mirror.他心不在焉地看著鏡中的自己。2. miracle助記:mir(驚奇)+ acle(東西)讓人驚奇

22、的東西奇跡釋義:n.奇跡,奇事舉例:The Italian economic miracle has always been a mystery.意大利的經(jīng)濟奇跡一直是個謎。3. admirable助記:ad(加強)+ mir(驚奇)+ able(能的)非常讓人驚奇的令人欽佩的釋義:a.令人欽佩的,值得贊美的舉例:The soldiers showed admirable bravery.士兵們表現(xiàn)出了令人欽佩的勇敢。4. miraculous助記:miracle(奇跡)+ ous(的)奇跡般的釋義:a.奇跡般的,不可思議的舉例:The horse made a miraculous reco

23、very to finish a close third.這匹馬奇跡般地恢復了狀態(tài),以微弱的劣勢位居第三。詞根:mot, mov = move運動1. motion助記:mot(運動)+ ion(表行為)運動釋義:n.運動,動作;v.運動舉例:The wind from the car's motion whipped her hair around her head.汽車駛過帶起的風吹亂了她的頭發(fā)。2. motivate助記:motive(動機,目的)+ ate(表動詞)使有動機推動釋義:v.激發(fā),鼓動舉例:How do you motivate people to work har

24、d and efficiently?你是如何激勵人們努力而高效地工作的?3. promote助記:pro(向前)+ mot(動)+ e 向前動促進釋義:v.促進,晉升舉例:You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth.你們沒有必要犧牲環(huán)保來促進經(jīng)濟增長。4. remote助記:re(回)+ mot(運動)+ e 動回去退回去遙遠的釋義:a.遙遠的,偏僻的,細微的舉例:This is a village remote from the madding crowd.這是一個遠離

25、喧囂塵世的村莊。5. emotional助記:emotion(情緒,情感)+ al(的)情緒的釋義:a.情緒的,情感的舉例:I needed this mans love and the emotional support he was giving to me.我需要這個男人的愛,以及他在情感上給我的支持。6. removal助記:re(再次)+ mov(運動)+ al(表動作,狀況,行為)移動釋義:n.免職,去除,移動舉例:What they expected to be the removal of a small lump turned out to be a major surger

26、y.他們本以為只是切除一個小腫塊,結(jié)果卻成了個大手術。詞根:ag = do, act做,動1. interact助記:inter(在之間,相互)+ act(行動)相互作用釋義:v.相互作用舉例:While the other children interacted and played together, Ted ignored them.當其他孩子們相互交往、一起玩耍時,泰德卻不理他們。2. react助記:re(反)+ act(行動,表現(xiàn))對行動的反應反應釋義:v.反抗,反應,起反作用舉例:They reacted violently to the news.他們對這條新聞反應強烈。3.

27、agent助記:ag(做)+ ent(的人)做的人代理人釋義:n.代理人,作用因素舉例:You are buying directly, rather than through an agent.你這是直接購買,而不是通過代理人。4. agitate助記:ag(做,代理做)+ it + ate(表動作)反復作鼓動釋義:v.鼓動,煽動,攪動,使不安定舉例:All you need to do is to gently agitate the water with a finger or paintbrush.你只需要用手指或刷子輕輕地攪動水。詞根:mod = manner, pattern方式,

28、風度,模式,樣式1. modest助記:mod(方式,風度)+ est有風度的謙虛地釋義:a.謙虛的,適度的舉例:Be modest when you are on the crest of the wave.在最得意的時候要謙虛。2. moderate助記:mod(量度,方式,模式,風度)+ ate(的)做事有分度適度的釋義:a.適度的,適中的,中等的舉例:He was an easygoing man of very moderate views.他是一個有著溫和觀點性情隨和的人。3. modify助記:mod(量度,方式,模式,風度)+ ify(化)規(guī)范化修改釋義:v.修改,更改舉例:W

29、e had to slightly modify the original design.我們不得不對原來的設計稍加修改。4. accommodate助記:ac + commod(方便)+ ate給人方便提供食宿釋義:v.供應,提供(膳宿),調(diào)節(jié),適應舉例:The school in Poldown was not big enough to accommodate all the children.波爾登的學校不夠大,容不下所有的孩子。詞根:port = carry拿,帶,運1. portable助記:port(拿,運)+ able(可的)可以拿的便攜式的釋義:a.便攜式的,手提的,輕便的舉

30、例:We bought a portable for the bedroom.我們臥室里買了臺便攜設備。2. import助記:im(進入)+ port(拿,運)拿進來進口釋義:v.進口,引入舉例:Britain last year spent nearly £5000 million more on importing food than selling abroad.去年英國的進口食品支出比其出口食品收入多出近50億英鎊。3. export助記:ex(出)+ port(拿,運)拿出去出口釋義:v.出口,輸出舉例:To earn foreign exchange we must e

31、xport.要想獲得外匯,我們必須出口。4. transport助記:trans(轉(zhuǎn))+ port(運)從一個地方轉(zhuǎn)運到另一個地方運輸釋義:v.運輸,運送舉例:Which type of transport do you prefer?你更喜歡哪種類型的代步工具?5. deport助記:de(離開)+ port(運,拿)運走驅(qū)逐釋義:v.舉止,驅(qū)逐舉例:The federal authorities deported him for illegal entry.聯(lián)邦當局因他非法入境而將他驅(qū)逐。6. report助記:re(回)+ port(帶)把(消息,情況等)帶回報告釋義:n.報告;v.報告

32、,匯報,報道舉例:I reported the theft to the police.我向警方報告了這起盜竊案。詞根:cas, cid, cay =落下1. casual助記:cas(落下,降臨)+ ual(的)落下的不是安排好的偶然的釋義:a.偶然的,不經(jīng)意的,臨時的舉例:It's difficult for me to be casual about anything.要我輕松處事很難。2. casualty助記:casual(偶然的)+ ty(表名詞)突然落下的事意外事故傷亡人員釋義:n.傷亡人員舉例:Troops fired on the demonstrators near

33、 the Royal Palace causing many casualties.軍隊在皇宮附近向示威人群開槍,造成大量傷亡。3. occasional助記:occasion(時機,機會)+ al(的)趕時機的偶然的釋義:a.偶然的,特殊場合的,臨時的舉例:Jack only smokes an occasional cigar.杰克只是偶爾才抽雪茄。4. decay助記:de(向下)+ cay(落下)向下掉衰退釋義:v./n.腐朽,腐爛,衰減,衰退舉例:The ground was scattered withdecaying leaves.地上滿是腐爛的落葉。詞根:pend, pens

34、= hang懸掛,花費1. depend助記:de(下)+ pend(懸掛)附屬于另一物件依靠釋義:v.依靠,依賴舉例:Nora grew accustomed to depending on her husband.諾拉變得習慣于依賴丈夫。2. suspend助記:sus(在下面)+ pend(掛)掛在下面懸掛釋義:v.推遲,延緩,懸浮,懸掛舉例:(1) Such fine particles suspend readily in water.這種微粒極易懸浮在水中。(2) The court has suspended the judgement till next Monday.法院已將

35、判決推遲到下周一。3.expenditure助記:expend(消費,花費)+ iture(一般狀態(tài),行為等)n.花費;時間,金錢等的支出,消耗釋義:n.支出,花費舉例:Policies of tax reduction must lead to reduced public expenditure.減稅政策必然導致公共支出的削減。4. pension助記:pens(花費,支付)+ ion(表名詞)用以花費、支付的錢養(yǎng)老金釋義:n.養(yǎng)老金,退休金舉例:Since then he has been drawing a pension.從那時起他一直領退休金。詞根:sta = stand站立1.s

36、tability助記:stab(=stable穩(wěn)定的,安定的)+ ility 穩(wěn)定釋義:n.穩(wěn)定,穩(wěn)定性舉例:Being back with their family should provide emotional stability for the children.回到親人身邊會使兒童的情緒穩(wěn)定下來。2.obstacle助記:ob(反對)+ st + acle(東西,狀態(tài))站著反對障礙釋義:n.障礙,妨礙物舉例:Most competition cars will only roll over if they hit an obstacle.大多數(shù)賽車只有在撞上障礙物時才會翻車。3. state助記:stat(站,立)+ e 立著,靜止的狀態(tài)釋義:a.國家的,國有的;n.情形,狀態(tài);v.聲明,陳述,規(guī)定舉例:(1) Look at the state of my car!看看我的車都成什么樣子了!(2) Clearly state your address and telephone number.清楚地報上你的地址和電話號碼。4. estate助記:e(出)+ stat(站,立)+ e站出來

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