高考英語形容詞副詞教師版

1、 高考形容詞和副詞基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)形容詞1 概念： 形容詞是用來修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞。2 形容詞在句中充當(dāng)什么成分： 通常作定語，表語，主補(bǔ)，賓補(bǔ)和狀語。1. 做定語 一般放在所修飾詞的前面an interestingfilm good idea形容詞修飾不定代詞Some-, any-, no-, every-, 時(shí)，形容詞一般要后置，做后置定語： everybody clever something important I have _(一些重要的事情）to tell you2 做表語 eg. Impossible is nothing.沒有不可能。 注: (1) 一定

2、要注意系動(dòng)詞的出現(xiàn)情況。這是一個(gè)高考熱點(diǎn)問題。常見系動(dòng)詞有：be 變化系詞： become, get ,turn, grow, go保持系詞： keep ,remain, stay感觀系詞： look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc. (2) 某些以a 開始的形容詞只做表語，不做定語。afraid, alike, alone, asleep ,awake，alive某些表身體健康狀況的形容詞只能做表語,不做定語well, ill faint 3. 做補(bǔ)足語。 eg. We consider the plan workab

3、le. 我們認(rèn)為該計(jì)劃可行。 4.做狀語表狀況、原因、結(jié)果等。這也是應(yīng)注意的一點(diǎn)。 Eg. 1）He went to bed , cold and hungry. 2） Knowing the truth, the boss stood there, speechless. 得知真相后，老板無言以對。 （speechless為狀語，注意形容詞作狀語，通常用于固定句式，該形容詞并非修飾謂語 動(dòng)詞，而是說明前面名詞的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài))。例:When it was his turn to deliver his speech，_，he walked towards the microphone. Aner

4、vously and A.embarrassingly Bnervous and embarrassedly Cnervously and embarrassing Dnervous and embarrassed 解析： 該題考查形容詞作狀語。形容詞一般作定語，但也可作狀語。如：He lay in bed，awake.再如：Her husband came back，drunk. 答案： D 3 形容詞的比較級和最高級變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化1. 一般情況 加er, est smaller,smallest 2. 以e 結(jié)尾 加r,st larger,largest 3. 以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的詞

5、改y為i，再加er,est busier,busiest 4. 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母 雙寫末尾輔音字母，加er,est fatter,fattest 5.多數(shù)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)的詞 加more most more beautiful,most important不變化規(guī)則原級 比較級 最高級 good ,well better best bad, ill, badly worse worst many ,much more most little less least far farther, further farthest,further old older, elder ol

6、dest, eldest 例：改錯(cuò)1.Farther explanation is unnecessary 2. Airplanes can fly further and faster than the fastest bird.四具體用法:1. 原級的用法 1)as 原形 as A與B一樣 eg. The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.He has not as much money as his friend. 2) not as(so) 原形 as A與B不一樣 eg. She is not as (so)beautiful as he

7、r sister. The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine. 這項(xiàng)工作不是像你想像的那么難。注意 貌似同級比較結(jié)構(gòu)的一些習(xí)慣用語as far as詞匯意義：“和一樣遠(yuǎn)；一直到”。引申義表程度或范圍，作連接詞引導(dǎo)從句，表“盡；就”。as long as詞匯意義：“和一樣長”。引申義為“只要”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，相當(dāng)于 only if。as well as詞匯意義：“和一樣好”，可作并列連詞，意思是“和；以及”。句尾用as well,作“也”講。as soon as詞匯意義：“盡快”，引申義為“一就”，作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于the mo

8、ment (when)。2. 比較級的用法1) 比較級+ than eg. Health is more important than wealth. 2) 比較級+比較級“越來越”higher and higher more and more important 3) the +比較級，the+比較級“越，越” eg. The quicker you get ready, the sooner well be able to leave. 4) the +比較級+of the two“兩者中較 的一個(gè) ”The taller of the two boys is my brother. 兩個(gè)

9、男孩中較高的那位是我哥哥。5) 否定+比較級 表示最高級“最不過” eg. His work couldnt be worse. How beautifully she sings！I have never heard a better voice.Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting? 你對他在會(huì)議上說的滿意嗎？ No.It couldnt have been worse. 不，不能再差了。 6）比較級than any other名詞單數(shù)、比較級than any of the other名詞復(fù)數(shù)、比較級than anyone e

10、lse等。補(bǔ)充：senior(年長的，高級的)，junior(年幼的，初級的)， 等詞與to連用，表示比較級。superior(優(yōu)越的)，inferior(下等的，低劣的) eg. He is three years senior to me. He is three years older than me.3. 最高級的用法 1） the +最高級+of/in+比較范圍（之中最） Of all things in the world, people are the precious. 2）the +序數(shù)詞+最高級四比較級結(jié)構(gòu)的修飾語1用于原級之前：almost, nearly, just,

11、exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc. eg. John is almost as tall as you.The river is three times as long as that one.We have a third as many students as we had last term.2用于比較級前a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent,three time

12、s etc. eg. The students study even harder than before. 學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)比以前更努力了。 A car runs a great deal faster than a bike. 汽車比自行車跑得快得多。Its cold this year, but its even colder last year.We produced 6% more grain this year than we did last year.3用于形容詞和最高級前the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second eg. Th

13、is hat is by far the largest in the world.Gold is the very most valuable of all materials . The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座橋是橫跨黃河之上的橋當(dāng)中最長的橋。Id like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想買僅次于最貴的照相機(jī)。五形容詞的構(gòu)成1. 本身為形容詞nice, red, glad2. 形容詞后綴-able, -

14、ful, -less, -ous, -al, -ent, -en, -some名詞+y 結(jié)尾的形容詞3. ly 結(jié)尾的形容詞friendly, timely, lovely, deadly, daily, weekly, yearlydeadly, costly, likely, lively(, lovely。4. 復(fù)合形容詞warm-hearted, good-tempered, easy-going, duty-free6 順序在名詞前做定語，為最常見用法。請注意多個(gè)形容詞（含其它起形容詞作用的詞）做前置定語的順序?？h官行令殺國才。這一句就概述了形容詞順序問題。即：限（冠詞物主代詞、指示

15、代詞數(shù)詞等）觀 （描繪） 形（大小、形狀等） 齡 （年齡、新舊等）色（色彩）國（國籍、出處等）材（材料、功用等） a small round table a tall gray buildingThis a pretty small round old brown Chinese wooden writing desk補(bǔ)充：can not/never 與enough 或too連用表示：無論怎樣都不過分；越越好。 I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden，a car cut in and knocked me down. 我正在大街

16、上獨(dú)自一人騎自行車，突然一輛小汽車強(qiáng)行超車把我撞倒了You can never be too careful in the street. 在大街上你越仔細(xì)越好。 考點(diǎn)解析 考點(diǎn)一：詞義辨析1. 【2012山東卷】33. Be _ you cant expect me to finish all this work in so little time. A. reasonable B. confident C. creative D. grateful 2. 【2012安徽卷】23. Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand

17、 , even more so. A. vital B. available C. specific D. Similar 3.【2011浙江卷,16】My schedule is very _right now, but Ill try to fit you in. A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible 1. 【答案】A 2. 【答案】A 【解析】Be vital to 表示：對.極端重要3. 【答案】A 1. Defeat is _ You lose one or two games and you stop believing you can

18、win Aphysical Bpolitical Cpsychological Dbeneficial 2. - May I check in now? - Sorry, sir! But theres not any room _ in our hotel. A. useful B. convenient C. flexible D. available 3. Nowadays, there is a _ increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents. A.

19、 sharp Bslight Cnatural Dmodest 4. Millions of young people are so _ about the so-called “Singles Day” that even websites like Taobao have special sales on November 11. A. particular B. positive C. enthusiastic D. cautious 5. The shop owner promised me that he would inform me as soon as the product

20、became . Aapproachable Baffordable Cavailable Daccessible 6. -Will you be _ this afternoon, Samuel? -It depends. Im afraid Ill watch NBA. A. suitable B. accessible C. convenient D. available 考點(diǎn)二：倍數(shù)表達(dá)法表示倍數(shù)的句型： (1) A is倍數(shù)比較級thanB(2)A is倍數(shù)as原級asB(3)A is倍數(shù)the名詞(size，length，height 等)ofB (4) A is倍數(shù)thatofB

21、 (5) A is倍數(shù)what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 This building is three times higher than that one. This building is three times as high as that one. This building is three times the height of that one. 這個(gè)建筑物是那個(gè)建筑物的3倍高。 The output of this year is 3 times that of 2012. The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 20012

22、. 今年的產(chǎn)量是2012年的三倍。 1 My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is twice_ _expensive. Aas Bso Ctoo Dvery 解析： 答案： A 2 Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks，but it cost_his. A as much twice as Btwice as much as Cmuch as twice as Das twice much as 解析：答案： B3. When you stu

23、dy the local map，youll find this town is_. A twice the size of that one Btwice as a large town as that Ctwice as larger as that one Dtwice as larger a town as that 解析：答案： A 考點(diǎn)三、形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級基本用法1. Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a success? Yes，_！It couldnt be _. A relatively；

24、better Bapproximately；worse Cabsolutely；better Dfortunately；worse 2. Of the two cameras，I would prefer _one，which is very easy for me to carry. Aa smaller Bthe smallest Ca small Dthe smaller 3. _，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A Shy and cautious BSensitive a

25、nd thoughtful CHonest and confident DLighthearted and optimistic 4.【2011四川卷,12】How are your recent trip to Sichuan? Ive never had one before. A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant 5.Was the play nice?Yes. As a matter of fact, I have never seen a _one.A. BadB. GoodC

26、. WorseD. better1.C2. D 3. D 4B 5B 考點(diǎn)四：1. sothat suchthat2.拓展：“as形容詞(a/an)名詞as”表示同級比較，注意中間的形容詞和名詞并列時(shí)各自所在的位置。 It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 例：1. Believe it or not，swimming is_as any to lose unwanted weight. Aa way as good Bas a good way Cas a way good Da

27、s good a way 解析： 考查固定短語。as.as表示“和一樣”，固定表達(dá)方式有“asadj./adv.as”“asadj.a/ann.as”等。 答案： D 副詞 1副詞的主要分類 時(shí)間副詞：now, then, early, late, lately, recently地點(diǎn)副詞：there，here，below，above頻度副詞：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never方式副詞：well，slowly，hard，badly程度副詞：still, even, very, rather，much，hardly, quite疑問副

28、詞：how，when，where, why連接副詞：when，where，why，whether關(guān)系副詞：when, where，why其他副詞：also，not, only，too2. 副詞的語法功能 副詞在句中可作狀語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和后置定語。（1）作狀語，修飾形容詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞短語和副詞，也可修飾整個(gè)句子。 I can run very fast.我跑得非?？?。 注意： 1. 有些副詞還可以作連詞，作副詞時(shí)常放在句末。如：though，(ever)since，in case等 He is old.He works hard，though. Though he is old，he wo

29、rks hard. 雖然他年事已高，但他工作還是很努力。 2. 有些副詞置于句首可修飾全句，作評注性狀語。如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly等 Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA. 幸運(yùn)的是，他沒被淹死，被解放軍給救了。（2）其它 作表語，在系動(dòng)詞后。 Class is over.下課了。 Time is up.時(shí)間到。 作定語，放在被修飾詞之后。 Do you know the girl upstairs? 你認(rèn)識(shí)樓上的女孩嗎？ Soon you will be acquainted

30、 with the people around. 不久你就會(huì)熟悉這附近的人。 Are you content with the life here? 你對這兒的生活滿意嗎？ Have you thought of the way out? 你有沒有考慮這一出路？ 作補(bǔ)語 We were shown around by the young man Let him in/out. Ill see you off at the station. 作介詞賓語 Its a long way from here to your school. He has lived here since then.3.

31、 同根副詞的區(qū)別 有些副詞有兩種形式，一種與形容詞同形，另一種是形容詞加后綴-ly構(gòu)成，這兩種副詞有時(shí)意義相近，但有時(shí)含義完全不同，使用時(shí)應(yīng)該注意。1）high和highlyhigh的意思是“高”，表示空間高度；highly的意思是“高度地；非常地”，表示程度。 The bird is flying high up in the sky. 鳥在空中高高地飛。 We spoke highly of her.我們高度贊揚(yáng)了她。2）wide和widelywide表示空間寬度，意為“充分地；大大地”, widely表示范圍，意為“廣泛地”。 She opened the door _. 她把門完全打開

32、。 English is_ used. 英語廣泛地被應(yīng)用。3）deep和deeplydeep的意思是“深”,表示空間深度，deeply時(shí)常表示感情，意為“深深地”。He went on studying deep into the night. 他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)直到深夜。This touched her heart_. 這深深打動(dòng)了她的心。4）close和closelyclose的意思是“靠近”；closely的意思則是“仔細(xì)地；密切地”。 They live_to the museum. 他們住在靠近博物館的地方。We are _ watching the developments.我們正密切注視

33、情況的發(fā)展。5） direct和directlydirect作副詞用往往用于表示時(shí)間、路程和方式等概念中，表示“直接地；直達(dá)地”；directly多用于借喻，表示“坦率地；截然”，有時(shí)還可用來表示“立即，馬上”的意思。The plane goes _from London to Houston without stopping.飛機(jī)由倫敦直達(dá)休斯敦，中途不停。His view is _ opposed to mine.他的觀點(diǎn)與我的截然相反。6）late和latelylate的意思是“晚”，lately意思是“最近”。 Many people sleep _ on Sunday morning

34、.許多人在星期天早晨睡懶覺。 What have you been doing_? 最近你在干什么？7）near和nearlynear的意思是“在附近”，nearly的意思是 “幾乎”。 My aunt lives quite _. 我姑姑住得相當(dāng)近。 The boy _ fell into the river.那男孩險(xiǎn)些跌人河中。8）free和freelyfree是“免費(fèi)”；freely是“自由地，隨意地”。You can eat free in my restaurant.你可以在我的餐館免費(fèi)用餐。You may speak freely.你可以直言。9）hard和hardlyhard是“

35、努力地”，hardly是“幾乎不”。I have been working hard all morning.我辛辛苦苦地干了一上午活。We can hardly believe it.我們簡直不能相信。10）most 和mostlymost是“最，非常”，mostly是“主要地”。What interested her most was the longitude line.最讓她感興趣的是經(jīng)度線。11）firm和firmly二者意思基本相同，都表示“堅(jiān)定地，牢固地”的意思。根據(jù)用法習(xí)慣，firm常與hold和stand等搭配，其他情況多用firmly。She holds firm to h

36、er principles. 她堅(jiān)持自己的原則。The concept of “customers first” should be firmly rooted in the mind of every shop assistant.“顧客第一”的概念應(yīng)牢牢地樹立在每個(gè)營業(yè)員的心中。The audience consisted mostly of women.觀眾主要是婦女。12）dead和deadlydead作副詞時(shí)表“完全地；絕對地”；deadly一般作形容詞用，意為“致命的”，作副詞表“死一般地；極度地”。The man lay on the ground, dead drunk.那個(gè)人躺在地上，喝得爛醉。His face was deadly pale.