Ving_動名詞的用法---最好

1、used as Subject and ObjectM4 Unit 2 Grammar 主動形式主動形式被動形式被動形式一般式一般式doingdoingbeing donebeing done完成式完成式having donehaving donehaving been having been donedoneV-ing可具有時態(tài)意義1有一般式（doing） 表示Ving的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生或在其 后發(fā)生，或表示一般性動作，沒有時間概念.I am thinking of going to the park this afternoon 我想下午去公園。（在其后)She is prou

2、d of being beautiful她為自己的美麗而驕傲。（同時）2完成式（having done)我為沒能遵守諾言表示歉意。 （之前發(fā)生）I apologize for not having kept my promise 表示Ving的動作在謂語動詞的動作之前發(fā)生。他因?qū)易隽诉@樣大的貢獻(xiàn)而受到表揚(yáng)。 He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country （之前發(fā)生）動名詞可具有語態(tài)意義 （being done，having been done）其否定形式是：not being done, not havi

3、ng been done1.He attended the party without _. A. invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited2.Rebecca was unhappy for _ the first chance to go abroad. A. not having been given B. not having given C. not giving D. having been given1作主語 a.含義：表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài) 比較不定式(to do)作主語：表示某次具體 動作或意義。1)

4、Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. 在電視上看新聞已經(jīng)成了我的一種日常習(xí)慣。2) He realized that to go on like this was wrong. 他意識到繼續(xù)這樣下去是錯的。b.形式：動名詞作主語時，句子有三種形式： 動名詞直接置于句首。1) Learning new words is very important to me 學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對我來說非常重要。 2) Talking is easier than doing. 說比做容易。 It is a waste of time doing 做、是浪費時

5、間的做、是浪費時間的 It is no good/use doing It is useless doing sth. 做、是沒益做、是沒益/用處的用處的 It is hardly worth doing 做、不值得做、不值得 It is worth/worthwhile doing 做、是值得的做、是值得的 動詞-ing形式作主語時常后置, 用it作形式 主語。常見句式有： 1)Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her? 2)Its no good waiting here. Lets go home. 3)It was a waste of time re

6、ading that book. 4) Is it any good trying to explain? 5) It is pleasant working with you. 1)和她吵架值得嗎？ 2)在這里等是沒用的。我們回家吧。 3)讀那本書真是浪費時間。 4) 試著解釋有任何好處嗎？ 5) 和你一起工作真愉快。在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語句型： There is no doing sth. 不不允許；無法做允許；無法做 相當(dāng)于“It is impossible to do ”。 1) There is no joking about such matter. 這種事開不得玩笑。 2

7、) There was no knowing when he would leave. 無法知道他什么時候離開。1)There is no sense in doing 做、沒有道理2)There is no point doing 做、無意義 做這件傻事毫無意義。 There is no point doing such a silly thing. 3)There is no need to do sth 做、沒必要(to do 不可換為doing) 沒有必要告訴她。 There is no need to tell her. Watching TV and reading books _

8、 (be) really interesting. c.主謂一致：動名詞作主語時，單個V-ing作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；兩個或兩個以上表達(dá)不同意義的V-ing作主語，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)Writing an English composition _(be) not easy. isChatting with them _ (improve) our mind.improvesare2作賓語 a.只能加Ving作賓語的動詞(短語) (口訣版) 考慮建議盼原諒考慮建議盼原諒: consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse/ pardon 承認(rèn)

9、推遲沒得想承認(rèn)推遲沒得想: admit, delay / put off , fancy 避免錯過繼續(xù)練：避免錯過繼續(xù)練：avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practice 否認(rèn)完成停能賞：否認(rèn)完成停能賞：deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡：不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡：cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape 不準(zhǔn)冒險憑想象不準(zhǔn)冒險憑想象: forbid , risk , imagineb.接Ving作賓語的其他短語 be used to(習(xí)慣做習(xí)慣做), feel like(喜

10、歡喜歡), be busy (in) (忙于忙于), be tired of(厭煩厭煩), be fond of(喜歡喜歡), be afraid of(害怕害怕), think of / about(考慮考慮), keep on(繼續(xù)繼續(xù)), insist on(堅持堅持), be good at(擅長擅長), give up(放棄放棄), cant stand (無法忍受無法忍受) spend (in) doing, devote to doing succeed in doing(成功做成功做), have difficulty / trouble (in) doing (做做有麻煩有麻

11、煩)c. 有些動詞后可跟to do和v-ing形式作賓語 A在在like，love，hate，prefer等等 動詞之后，側(cè)重點不同，動名詞動詞之后，側(cè)重點不同，動名詞 表泛指的動作，不定式表具體的表泛指的動作，不定式表具體的 一次性動作。如：一次性動作。如：I like to run now.（現(xiàn)在想跑（現(xiàn)在想跑） I like running.（一向喜歡）（一向喜歡）B在在begin/start，continue之后，之后，意思基本相同，尤其當(dāng)主語是人時。意思基本相同，尤其當(dāng)主語是人時。如：如： I begin to do the work.= I begin doing the work

12、.Cforget/remember/regret doing sth. forget/remember/regret to do sth. 動名詞表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作動名詞表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作； 不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作。I remember _ (post ) the letter yesterday Ill remember _ (post) the letterI shall never forget _ (see) the famous writerDont forget _ (write) to your motherI regret _ (miss) the r

13、eportI regret _ (say) I cant take your advice posting to post seeing to write missing/having missed to saymean doing 意味著要做某事意味著要做某事mean to do 想要想要/打算做某事打算做某事 try doing 試著做某事試著做某事try to do 努力努力做某事做某事go on doing 繼續(xù)做一直在做的事繼續(xù)做一直在做的事go on to do 接著做另一件事接著做另一件事stop doing 停止做（正在做）的事停止做（正在做）的事stop to do 停下來去

14、做別的事停下來去做別的事be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事習(xí)慣于做某事 be used to do 被用來做某事被用來做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能幫助做某事不能幫助做某事We must try _ (get) everything done in timeLets try _ (do) the work in some other wayI didnt mean _ (make) you angryYour plan would mean_ (spend) hours to get doing to make s

15、pendingPlease go on _(do) the same exercisePlease go on _ (do) the other exerciseStop _ (talk), please He stopped _(have) a rest after a tiring walk doing to do talking to haved. need, require, want作“需要”解時, 后接動詞-ing形式作賓語, 主動形式表示被動意義, 相當(dāng)于to be done。如：如： The window needsrequireswants cleaning.=The win

16、dow needsrequireswants to be cleaned 既跟動詞ing又接不定式作賓語的動詞歌訣:雙方一旦開始，不論喜歡與否，都得繼續(xù)下去。不管記住與否，努力打算停止，后悔三個需要。begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue.remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret, want, need, require 動名詞的動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：邏輯主語動名詞邏輯主語動名詞:指在動詞指在動詞-ing形式前面加上邏形式前面加上邏輯主語來強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者，該邏輯主語常為形輯主語來強(qiáng)

17、調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者，該邏輯主語常為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格句型： my/your/his/her/our/their/Toms/ Marys . doing sth.當(dāng)動名詞用作賓語時，其邏輯主語當(dāng)動名詞用作賓語時，其邏輯主語由形容詞性物由形容詞性物主代詞主代詞/ /賓格或名詞所有格賓格或名詞所有格構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 me / him +doing sth.比較：比較：不能準(zhǔn)時參加會議讓不能準(zhǔn)時參加會議讓我我很不高興。很不高興。Not attending the meeting on time made me unhappy.他他沒能準(zhǔn)時參加會議，讓我很不高興。沒能準(zhǔn)時參加

18、會議，讓我很不高興。His not attending the meeting on time made me unhappy.媽媽媽媽生病了，這使我很著急。生病了，這使我很著急。My mothers being ill worried me.比較：比較：他堅持要住在這個房間里。他堅持要住在這個房間里。He insisted on living in the room.他他堅持堅持瑪麗瑪麗住在這個房間。住在這個房間。He insisted on Marys/Mary living in the room.他堅持他堅持我們我們住在這個房間。住在這個房間。He insisted on our/(u

19、s) living in the room.【考例】 1.（2011山東卷山東卷,27Look over theretheres a very long, winding path_ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead解析：解析：【解析】句意為【解析】句意為“看那兒，有一條長長的蜿蜒看那兒，有一條長長的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子。小路向上延伸到那座房子?！眑eading作為作為path的后置的后置定語，相當(dāng)于定語，相當(dāng)于which leads。選。選A。2.（2011江蘇卷江蘇卷Recently a survey_ pr

20、ices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing compared解析解析:句意為句意為“最近一項調(diào)查引起了市民們的激烈討最近一項調(diào)查引起了市民們的激烈討論，該調(diào)查是比較在兩個不同超市里的相同商品論，該調(diào)查是比較在兩個不同超市里的相同商品的價格。的價格。”句子的主語是句子的主語是a survey，謂語動詞是，謂語動詞是has caused，賓語是，賓語是heated debate。由

21、此可見，。由此可見，原句不缺主干成分，原句不缺主干成分，“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”該部分該部分是來修飾是來修飾survey的，做后置定語。由于的，做后置定語。由于prices作作compare的賓語，是主動形式，所以選的賓語，是主動形式，所以選B。3.（2011天津卷天津卷,7Passengers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. b

22、eing carried解析解析句意為句意為“旅客只可以隨身攜帶一件行李登旅客只可以隨身攜帶一件行李登機(jī)。機(jī)。”permit sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事，允許某人做某事，句中是被動語態(tài)，句中是被動語態(tài)，Passengers是是carry的邏輯的邏輯主語，用主動式，故選主語，用主動式，故選A。 4 .（2011四川卷四川卷,2Ladex doesnt feel like abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study解析解析:句意為句意為“Ladex不愿意去國外留學(xué)，因不愿意去國外留

23、學(xué)，因為她的父母年紀(jì)大了。為她的父母年紀(jì)大了。”feel like doing sth.想要做某事，習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。因此選想要做某事，習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。因此選B。 5.2011四川卷四川卷,11Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep解析解析:句意為句意為“Simon制作了一個大竹盒來養(yǎng)制作了一個大竹盒來養(yǎng)這只生病的小鳥，直到它能飛起來。這只生病的小鳥，直到它能飛起來?！眒ake a big bamboo box的目的是為了的目的是為了

24、keep the little sick bird，因此選，因此選D表示目的狀語。表示目的狀語。6.（2011湖南卷湖南卷,23The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game . A selecting B to select C selected D having selected【解析】句意為【解析】句意為“人們期待著從全國各人們期待著從全國各地挑選出來的運動員能在今年夏季的賽地挑選出來的運動員能在今年夏季的賽事中給我們帶來榮譽(yù)。事中給我們帶來榮譽(yù)?！眘elect

25、修飾修飾players, 為被動關(guān)系，只有為被動關(guān)系，只有C選項表被選項表被動。故選動。故選C。7. 2010 湖南湖南 Listen! Do you hear someone _for help.? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 解析：根據(jù)語境考查解析：根據(jù)語境考查hear sb doing，故選，故選A8.（2009陜西陜西I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken

26、解析解析:此處非謂語動詞做此處非謂語動詞做remember的賓語的賓語, 而而remember后用非謂語動詞做賓語時后用非謂語動詞做賓語時, 可以用可以用v-ing形式形式, v-ing表示的動作已經(jīng)完成表示的動作已經(jīng)完成, 也可用也可用動詞不定式動詞不定式, 表示的動作還未發(fā)生表示的動作還未發(fā)生, 根據(jù)后文根據(jù)后文的的saw可知此處非謂語動詞動作已經(jīng)完成可知此處非謂語動詞動作已經(jīng)完成, 且且與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系, 用用v-ing的被動式的被動式, 選選D。 9 . 2013浙江浙江)7. _ how others react to the book you have ju

27、st read creates an added pleasure. A Hearing B Hear C Having heard D To be hearing 解析解析:此處考查動名詞做主語的用法，句此處考查動名詞做主語的用法，句子主干是子主干是 Hearing creates an added pleasure.10.(2013遼寧遼寧) Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _for her. A. waitedB. to wait C. waiting

28、D. was waiting解析解析:此處考查此處考查waiting做后置定語的語法，做后置定語的語法，相當(dāng)于定語從句相當(dāng)于定語從句which waited 11.(2013福建福建) _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known解析解析:本題考查動名詞做主語的用法。本題考查動名詞做主語的用法。12 . Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ i