動詞ing形式用法PPT課件[通用]

1、動詞-ing 形式的用法一. 動詞-ing形式的兩個基本特點:表主動或者表進(jìn)行1.在時間上表示動作正在進(jìn)行試比較： a fallen leaf 已經(jīng)落地的樹葉eg： a falling leaf 正在飄落的樹葉2. 在語態(tài)上表示主動eg.Our teacher came into the room, following our monitor. 我們的老師跟在班長后面，走進(jìn)教室。試比較：Our teacher came into the room, followed by our monitor. 我們老師走進(jìn)教室，班長跟在他后面。二.動詞-ing形式的 時態(tài) 與 語態(tài) 一般形式 doing

2、: 表主動，表進(jìn)行，表示分詞動作與謂語動作幾乎同時發(fā)生eg. Hearing the wonderful music, I came into the room.聽著美妙的音樂，我走進(jìn)了教室。 被動形式 being done : 表被動，表進(jìn)行 eg. Being educated in Beijing University is the dream of many students. 在北京大學(xué)受教育是許多學(xué)生的夢想。 完成形式 having done :表主動，表完成，表示分詞動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前eg. Having finished his homework, he went to p

3、lay with his friends.完成作業(yè)之后，他和朋友去玩了。 完成被動形式 having been done ： 表被動，表完成 ，表示分詞動作發(fā)生在謂語 動作之前eg. I hear they have promoted Tom, but he didnt mention having been promoted when we talked on the phone.我聽說他們提拔了湯姆，但我們在電話里交談時湯姆沒有提到被提拔的事。三. 現(xiàn)在分詞在句子當(dāng)中擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑褐髡Z、賓語、表語、定語、賓補，狀語動詞-ing 形式作主語通常放句首，被看作是單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單

4、數(shù)形式 1.做主語eg. Getting up early is a good habit.eg. It is no use talking with him. It was a waste of time watching TV. 有時用 it 作形式主語，把動詞-ing 形式 置后。例如： a waste of time no good/no useIt +be+ useless + V-ing worthwhile fun在 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語，例如： no no sense in（沒有道理）There be+ no point in（毫無意義） +V-ing no use

5、in eg. There was no knowing when he would leave. 無法知道他什么時候離開。 There is no point in discussing such matter. 討論這樣的問題毫無意義。2. 作賓語 作介詞的賓語 eg. She is interested in working for our firm.她對為我們公司工作很感興趣。 部分動詞后必須用doing 作賓語，例如：enjoy, practise, advise, suggest, mind, forbid, keep, finish , admit 等。eg.I enjoy lea

6、rning about new things. 我喜歡了解新事物。You should practise speaking English every morning. 你應(yīng)該每天早晨練習(xí)英語。注意：有些動詞后既可以加doing,也可以加to,但意義不同，注意區(qū)分。例如： remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 remember to do 記得要去做某事類似的詞還有forget，regret， stop 等。3. 作表語 eg. His favorite sport is hiking. 他最喜歡的運動是徒步旅行。 My job is playing all kinds of

7、instruments. 我的工作是演奏各種樂器。區(qū)分：My mother is cooking. 主語 謂語 （cooking 是 cook 的現(xiàn)在分詞，表示狀態(tài)，在這表示媽媽正在做飯這個狀態(tài)）My job is playing all kinds of instruments. 主語 系詞 表語 （playing 是動名詞，表示我工作的性質(zhì)、屬性，并不是現(xiàn)在正在演奏樂器。）4. 作定語 單個動詞-ing形式作定語，一般放在被修飾名詞前面，此時與所修飾的名詞具有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例： a walking stick 手杖 a sleeping boy 一個正在睡覺的男孩 drinking w

8、ater 飲用水區(qū)分： a sleeping boy 正在睡覺的男孩 sleeping 是現(xiàn)在分詞，表示狀態(tài)。 a sleeping bus 臥車 sleeping 是動名詞，表示屬性，特征。 分詞短語作定語要后置，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。例： a girl standing under the tree 站在樹下的女孩 The man visiting Japan is his father.=The man who is visiting Japan is his father.訪問日本的那個人是他父親。 5. 作賓補： 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補表示正在發(fā)生的動作，接分詞作賓補的動詞有： feel, h

9、ear, see, watch, observe, notice, find, smell, + sb./ sth. doing表示該動作正在進(jìn)行eg. I saw him going upstairs. 我看見他正在上樓。The mother kept her son staying at home for a whole day.媽媽讓兒子一整天待在家里。 have ,keep, start, leave, get, catch + sb./ sth. doing 使一直處于某種狀態(tài)6. 作狀語注意： 動詞-ing 形式，與主句的主語在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系。 原因狀語Having failed

10、 twice, he didnt want to try again.已經(jīng)失敗了兩次，他不想再拭了。 時間狀語When leaving the station, he waved again and again to me.離開車站的時候，他向我頻頻揮手。動作基本同時發(fā)生Having turned off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.關(guān)掉電視機以后，他便開始復(fù)習(xí)功課。動作有前后順序He sat in the armchair, reading the newspaper.他坐在扶手椅上讀報紙。伴隨狀語They stared his b

11、reath using a mouth-to- mouth way.他們采用口對口的方法，使他恢復(fù)了呼吸。方式狀語 方式和伴隨狀語結(jié)果狀語 ，一般分詞前面要加 so, thereby, thus, hence.He worked day and night, thus making himself near-sighted.他日夜工作，結(jié)果造成眼睛的近視。 If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.如果玩一整天，你就會浪費了寶貴的時間。 條件狀語 ：一般放在句首，其前可以加 if, unless等連詞。Although repe

12、ating his words many times, the teacher could not make her understand what he meant.盡管重復(fù)多遍，老師仍無法讓她理解他的意思。 讓步狀語 ：一般放在句首，常常由 although / though /even if 等連詞引導(dǎo) 。1.Taking pictures_ very interesting. A. is B. are C. to be D. be 2._ the bad news made him cry. A. Hear B. Heard C. Hearing D. Is hearing3._ a desert had always been a risk adventure.A. being crossed B. Having crossed C. Crossing D. To have crossedACC4.Before he came , Id finished _ the whole book.A. to read B. to have read C. reading D. read5.