大學(xué)四級閱讀Section A

1、1Over a hundred years ago, Charles Dickens shocked many of his readers when he described the conditions under which young children worked in British factories. The conditions Dickens described continue almost 1 today in many parts ofthe world. The only difference is that today 2 of children is limit

2、ed tosmall industries and family businesses, such as hotels, restaurants and 3farms, rather than to large factories.Girls 4 more from child labor practices than boys. Many of them areforced to start work when they are only ten years old. Although the work they are given to do is often light, it is o

3、ften 5 to the health. 6, children as young as six years were found to be working in Asian factories, and the children were working from eight to fourteen hours a day in overcrowded and unhealthy working 7. Sometimes a whole family group is employed, withthe 8 going to a parent or older relative. The

4、 children not only receivenothing or very little for their long hours of work, but also they are prevented from attending school. Therefore, when they become older they are unable to do any other kind of work.The 9 to the problem of child labor is clearly better laws to protectyoung children, greate

5、r supervision （監(jiān)督）of industry and heavier fines for those who break the laws. Only in this way can young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most 10 time of their liveschildren.A. elsewhererecentlyI. conditionsM. particularB. employmentsolutionJ. perspectiveN. proceedC. dissolved G.unchanged K. i

6、mpatient 0. paymentD. light H. suffer L. valuableOne lunchtime, May Ward was going round the local supermarket in Parkside Road, Liverpool, doing her shopping, when she suddenly slipped and fell. She was badly shaken and hurt but 1 nothing serious resulted. It turned out thatshe had slipped on some

7、ice-cream which had been 2 on the floor. Twoweeks later she wrote to the firm to 3 compensation（貝音償）to make up forthe pain and 4 she had suffered. She complained that they had beennegligent （忽視的） and careless in not keeping the floor clean. The firm denied that they had been negligent and 5 that the

8、y had a proper system fbr keepingthe floor clean. They had given instructions that when a member of staff found a spillage, he or she was to stand by it, and call someone else to clear up the mess.Since Mrs. Ward felt that she was 6 to compensation, she sued （起訴）the firm in the Law Court. Here the f

9、irm claimed that it did not 7 Justbecause someone had slipped on the floor, that they must have been negligent carrying out their duties. They said that unless the customer could prove how the ice-cream came to be on the floor, and how long it had been left there before the accident happened, she ha

10、d not made out a proper 8 against them. But thejudge took a different view. He said that, on the face of it, the accident would not have happened at all if the firm had taken reasonable care. It was something which in the ordinary course of events does not happen if floors are kept clean and spillag

11、es are dealt with as soon as they occur. It was up to the firm, he said, to provide9, if they could, that the accident did not 10 from andnegligence on their part. They would obviously be in a better position than the customer to establish how long the ice-cream had been spilt and explain the circum

12、stances to the Court.claimE. innocentI. entitledM. determinespiltF. inconvenientJ. ariseN. fortunatelyevidenceG. deriveK. follow0. creditedcaseH. maintainedL. unexpectedly3They call them the new bread earners. They are women, and they are set to take over.Women are beginning to rise 1 to the top in

13、the workplace all over thedeveloped world. New figures show that in almost a third of American 2 witha working wife, the woman brings home more money than her husband and that they now occupy half the countrys high-paying, executive, administrative and 3occupations, compared with 34 per cent 20 year

14、s ago.The trend is 4 by two main factors, experts say - a 5 acceptanceof men as househusbands and mass unemployment of male white-collar workers from the technology, finance and media industries in the last three years.The University of Maryland has 6 a report that shows women to be thechief earner

15、in 11 per cent of all US marriages.Pushing a buggy (嬰 JL車)on a sunny afternoon in New Yorks Central Park last week, Jonathan Blinderman, 33, said, he was 7 he had been able to see everymoment of his daughter Lindsays first six months of life while his wife, Sage, was out working.It is a sign of thes

16、e times of 8 that when he mentions his status at partieshe is either praised as a saint or 9 as a slave-cum-freeloader (愛占廉價的奴隸) For the revolution is nowhere near complete.But Maria Cancian, an economist at the University of Wisconsin, said 10women were increasingly looking fbr househusbands.A) cau

17、sed E) producedI) argued M) growingproudF) managerial J) transition N) steadilycarelesslyG) greedyK) ambitious0) householdsmockedH) precautionL) tackled4The French division of McDonalds has run advertisements that included a surprising 1: Kids shouldnt eat at McDonaldfs more than once a week.The adv

18、ertisements,2 information from specialists, aim to show thatMcDonalds meals are part of a balanced weekly diet/ said Euro RSCG, the agency that came up with the ads, which appeared this spring, mostly in French womens magazines.Alongside quotes from specialists addressing 3 and diets fbr children,th

19、e ads described how McDonalds hamburgers are made of 100 percent real beef and cooked on a grill free of 4 oil.One ad placed in Femme Actuelle in April quoted a nutritionist who saidtheres no reason to 5 fast fbod5 or visit McDonalds more than once a week.”The McDonalds Corp., based in Oak Brook, Il

20、l., said in a statement Wednesday that it nstrongly 6 n with the nutritionist quoted in the French advertisement.“The vast majority of nutrition professionals say that McDonalds food can be and is a part of a healthy diet based on the sound nutrition 7 of balance,variety and moderation （適度）/ the sta

21、tement said.Since opening its first French branch in 1968, McDonalds has expandedin France. More recently the multinational has come under fire from anti-globalization 9, farmers1 groups, and in Paris, striking workers.Last year, sheep farmer-turned-activist Jose Bove became a standard-bearer fbr th

22、e French anti-globalization 10 when he led a group that ransacked （洗劫）a McDonalds in southern France.A. quotingE. abusetameM. principlesB. continuouslyF. protestorsmovementN. conferenceC. overweight G. occasionally K. disagreed 0. prosperousD. suggestionH. additionalL. healed5Many people wonder why

23、some men want to live on the moon. It is 1not the kind of place where most men would choose to live. But man has always moved to new areas.Some scientists hope that continued work will be done on the moon. Many experiments will be done there more 2. Some large 3 are very easyto do in a place without air. Matter can be heated to very high temperatures withoutchange when it is in such a place. Air, dust, and clouds cannotmans view of space from the moon. The very high or very lowtemperatures and low gravity on the moon will be used fbr many experiments. One very important use of the moo