山東省濟南大學(xué)城實驗高級中學(xué)2021屆高三第一次診斷性考試英語試題含解析

1、濟南大學(xué)城實驗高級中學(xué)2018級考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分3。分） 第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分；滿分7.5分） 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選 出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有15秒鐘的時間來 回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。What does the woman do now?An engineerAn officialA teacherWhat is special about the meal?A. The taste of foodThe price of foodThe kind of

2、foodWhat are the speakers probably doing?Camping in the countryside.Touring in a wonderful city.Discussing a holiday plan.When did the dining room close?10 minutes ago20 minutes ago30 minutes agoWhat will the man do this evening?Buy some clothes.Wash his clothes.Organize his clothes.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題L5分

3、；滿分22.5分） 聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C 三個選項選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷相應(yīng)位置，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時 間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段 對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。What is the man most unhappy with about the MP4 player?A. The scratchThe receiverThe earphoneWhat does the woman decide to do for the man in the end?Sell ano

4、ther model cheap to him.Exchange his MP4.Give his money back.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8. How much would the woman pay by month?1800 yuan1900 yuan2000 yuan9. What is not included in the rent?A. GasB. ElectricityC. Water聽第8段材料，回答第1。至12題。lO.What is the man studying in college?A. BusinessB. ComputersC. Accounting

5、ll.When will the man begin the job?On April 24thOn may 4thOn July 4th12. How long will the man need to work every day?A. Four hoursFive hourssix hours聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13. How did the man know about the festival?From a magazineFrom a newspaperFrom a poster14. Which instrument does the woman love?A. T

6、he drumsThe guitarThe piano15. Why does the man think it is worth going to the Sunday performance?A. It offers free drinks.B.There are cheap tickets.C.He can join singing.16. When is the mans evening class?On 22nd MarchOn 23rd MarchOn 24th March聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。17. Which language is added this year

7、?A. FrenchB. SpanishC. Russian18. What course does David Malcolm teach?Writing Short StoriesUnderstanding the InternetC.One-to-one tennis coaching19. How often can people have a yoga course?A. Once a weekB. Twice a weekC. Threetimes a weekWhen does the course on Modern Art probably start?From the fi

8、rst week of June.From the second week of June.From the third week of June.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題25分，滿分375分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空 白處的最佳選項。AEssay CompetitionThe aim of this contest is to encourage great student writers and to give them a leg-up in their studies.PrizesOne Grand

9、 Prize winner will receive: $1,000 in cash; the essay published in our magazines May 2021 issue; an interview with our magazines author.Ten First Place winners will receive: $500 in cash; their names and essay titles listed in our magazines May 2021 issue.Fifty Honorable Mention Winners will receive

10、:a$50 gift card to our online shop.RequirementsThe length of the essay should be between 500-700 words.Write an essay on the topic of: How Food Affects Our Mood.Please write about three reasons for believing in your thesis （論點）statement in the form of body paragraphs and back up your reasons with pr

11、actical evidence from respected sources.Do not write about yourself and dont explain why you deserve to win the prizes.DeadlinesEarly-Bird Deadline: May 4,2020-Free for the entry.Deadline: June 5,2020-$5 for the entry.Extended Deadline: July 22z2020-$10 for the entry.What will the First Place winner

12、s be rewarded with?Getting their essays published in the magazine.Having their essay titles listed in the magazine.Receiving a gift card to the particular online shop.Gaining an opportunity to meet the magazines author.Which of the following meets the requirements?Writing an essay of more than 800 w

13、ords.Submitting an essay about food nutrition.Expressing your strong desire to get the award.Supporting your reasons with credible evidence.When can you submit your essay for free?A. April 30,2020.B. May 20. 2020.C. June 10. 2020.D. July25,2020.【答案】1.B2.D3. A【解析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是關(guān)于舉辦論文比賽的有關(guān)事項進行說明?！?題詳解】細(xì) T

14、i理解題 根據(jù) Prizes 部分中“Ten First Place winners will receive: $500 in cash; their names and essay titles listed in our magazines May 2021 issue.”可知,10 位一等獎獲得者的文章標(biāo)題 將列在雜志的2021年5月刊上。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題 根據(jù) Requirements 部分中 Please write about three reasons . back up your reasons with practical evidence from res

15、pected sources.（請寫三個理由并用來自權(quán)威的實際證 據(jù)來支持你的理由。）可知，論文要求要用可信的證據(jù)來支持你的理由。故選D項。【3題詳解】細(xì) H 理解題根據(jù) Deadlines 部分中 aEarly-Bird Deadline: May 4,2020 Free for the entry.v 可 知，提前截止時間是2020年5月4日，在此之前提交論文可以免費參賽。故選A項。BBlue sheep,native to the Himalayasjends its name to a small handicraft（手工藝）shop indowntown Chengdu.Racha

16、el Pinniger from the U.K.opened the store,which offers a wide range of handmade itemsjn 2013.All of them were made by people with disabilities or serious diseases in remote areas in China.The 75-year-old woman was formerly a medical practitioner（執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師）。Before settling down in Chengdu 10 years ago,Rac

17、hael had spent more than 40 years working in 15 different countries in Asia and Africa,providing medical services and training local physicians.While living in the Tibet Autonomous Region,she found that many patients were too poor to have their illnesses treated.While many of them were skilled in ma

18、king traditional crafts,they had no market for their handmade items.For these people,the most important thing is to help them integrate（融入）into society/ Rachael thought.Thats not necessarily something the government can do.Its up to all of us to give them a sense of confidence and self-respect.11Tha

19、t inspired Rachael to open a store to help these disadvantaged people bring their crafts to the market so that they could make money and receive effective treatment.She spent nearly all of her life savings collecting items from them and making other necessary preparations.More than 700 people have b

20、enefited from Rachaels initiative（融入），although she has to battle for years to make ends meet with the very limited market,which remains her biggest challenge.Despite financial pressures,she has continued to expand her market by encouraging her overseas friends to buy the products as home decorations

21、 or gifts.She collects feedback from customers and gives the craftsmen suggestions on how to improve their items.To help them pick up professional skills,Rachael also invites them to participate in training courses.As a world traveler,Rachael has no plans for her next destination.At the moment,she w

22、ill continue to try her best to keep the shop afloat to help more people get through their hard times.“Mother Teresa*s words/l cannot change the worldzbut I can change the world of one person/have always been my motto.Anytime we can help one person;it makes life worthwhile,even if it is not the worl

23、d/she said.Which of the following statements about Rachael Pinniger is TRUE?She left her home country in her twenties.She had to borrow money to open Blue Sheep.She had settled down in China before retirement.She always dreamed of running her own business in China.What is special about Rachaels shop

24、 in Chengdu?It was co-founded by seriously ill patients.It provides effective treatment for the disabled.It sells products made by the disadvantaged.It provides customers with craft-making training.Rachael is still struggling to_.expand into the overseas marketbalance the budget for Blue Sheepinvolv

25、e more craftsmen in her initiativeobtain immediate feedback from customersAccording to the article,the establishment of Blue Sheep.preserves Chinese traditional handicraftscalls on people to respect the disadvantagedprovides help for people in need of social integrationremoves the need for governmen

26、t aid to the disadvantaged【答案】4.A5. C 6. B 7. C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述的歸國老醫(yī)師雷切爾創(chuàng)辦了一家專門售賣殘疾人手工制作的工 藝品的店鋪，這不僅幫助了殘疾人獲得收入而更好地治療，同時也幫助殘疾人更好地融入社 會?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The 75-year-old woman was formerly a medical practitioner（執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師）。 Before settling down in Chengdu 10 years ago,Rachael had spent more than 40 years

27、working in 15 different countries in Asia and Africa,這位75歲的婦女以前是一名醫(yī)生。在10年前定居成都之 前，雷切爾已經(jīng)在亞洲和非洲的15個不同國家工作超過40年，”可知65時，她已經(jīng)在國外工 作超過40年，由此可以推斷雷切爾在她20幾歲時離開家鄉(xiāng)。故答案為A.【5題詳解】細(xì)在理解題 根據(jù)第一自然段Rachael Pinniger from the U.K.opened the store,which offers a wide range of handmade itemsjn 2013.All of them were made by

28、people with disabilities or serious diseases in remote areas in China. 2013年,來自英國的雷切爾平尼格爾開設(shè)了這家商店,提 供各種各樣的手工制品。都是中國偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的殘疾人或者重疾患者做的?！笨芍痰昀锏墓に?品都是由殘疾人手工制作。故答案為C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)第五自然段“she has to battle for years to make ends meet with the very limited market,which remains her biggest challenge.她不得不在非常有限的

29、市場上奮斗多年，以維持收 支平衡，這仍然是她最大的挑戰(zhàn)?？芍猂achael依然在努力奮斗以維持商店的收支平衡。故 答案為B。【7題詳解】細(xì)行理解題。根據(jù)第三段For these peoplehe most important thing is to help them integrate（融入）into society, “對于這些人來說，最重要的是幫助他們?nèi)谌肷鐣?，”雷切爾想?可知創(chuàng)辦這個店鋪的最終目的是幫助殘疾人融入社會，獲得社會認(rèn)同感。故答案為C。CA ten-year-old sperm whale（抹香鯨）was found dead on a beach in Scotland.

30、A necropsy（尸檢） revealed that nearly 100 kilograms of plastic and other trash had formed dumps（硬塊）in its digestive system.The tragedy quickly made headlines.Why would a top predator in the ocean eat gloves,rope,and plastic cups?Conventional wisdom suggests that marine animals eat plastic because it i

31、s there and they don*t know any better.lt is true that plastic may smell like food to some of them.But that doesn*t explain why only certain types of whales-deep-diving toothed whales,such as sperm whales and pilot whales-turn up dead on beaches with stomachs full of plastic.It*s possible,says Savoc

32、a,that plastic trash sounds like food to toothed whales.These species hunt deep in the ocean,sometimes nearly 500 meters below the surface,where it*s pitch black。聚 黑）。They use echolocation（回聲定位）to hunt for food,typically squid（烏賊By contrast,baleen whales（須鯨），including humpbacks and blue whales,have

33、natural filters（過 濾器）for their food.Baleen,the brush-like filter-feeding system they have in place of teeth,as well as their narrow throats,keeping them from swallowing anything much larger than the krill（磷支科侔） that forms the basis of their diet.That could help explain why baleen whales are not endi

34、ng up with plastic filled stomachs.Fifty years ago,there was almost no plastic in the ocean.The lifespan of a large whale can be twice that long.In the lifetime of a single whale,we went from an ocean with no plastic to hundreds of thousands of tons of it.Plastic comes on top of other factors affect

35、ing life in the ocean-climate change,overfishing,shipping traffic,and noise pollution.its a real shame because their lives are challenging enough even without the additional pressure we put onto themJsays Savoca.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?That plastic smells like food to toothed whales.

36、That marine animals started to eat plastic decades ago.That a number of toothed whales are found dead on beaches every year.That conventional wisdom about why marine animals eat plastic doesnt apply to all whales.Which of the following statements DOESNT explain why toothed whales are more easily har

37、med by plastic pollution than baleen whales?They dont feed on krill.They live in the dark depths of the ocean.They are not born with brush-like filter-feeding systems.They don*t determine the location of their food with their eyes.What does the author want to emphasize in the last paragraph?Whales h

38、ave a longer lifespan than humans.Plastic has a negative effect on climate change.Great changes have taken place in the ocean in the past 50 years.Plastic pollution has worsened already serious issues affecting marine life.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?Different diets,d

39、ifferent fatesSilent killers in the oceanPlastic trash in-the oceanSaving whales【答案】8.D9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講了海洋被垃圾嚴(yán)重污染，大量海洋動物因此死去，惡劣的海洋環(huán) 境給動物造成了嚴(yán)重的生存挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題 根據(jù)第二段的首句“Conventional wisdom suggests that marine animals eat plasticbecause it is there and they dont know any better傳統(tǒng)觀點認(rèn)為，

40、海洋動物吃塑料是因為塑料就 在那里，它們對此一無所知以及But that doesnt explain why only certain types of whales-deep-diving toothed whales,such as sperm whales and pilot whales-turn up dead on beaches with stomachs full of plastic.但這并不能解釋為什么只有某些種類的鯨魚深潛齒鯨，如抹香鯨和領(lǐng)航鯨一一會胃里滿是塑料地死在海灘上。可知第二段主要關(guān)于海洋動物為 什么吃塑料的傳統(tǒng)觀點并不適用于所有的鯨魚。故答案為Do【9題詳解】

41、細(xì)力理解題。由第三段plastic trash sounds like food to toothed whales.These specieshunt deep in the ocean,sometimes nearly 500 .where its pitch black。案黑）They use echolocation（回 聲定位）to hunt for food,”可知齒鯨處在漆黑的深海，靠回聲定位系統(tǒng)捕食，故B、D可以解 釋為什么齒鯨更容易吃進塑料：再根據(jù)By contrast,baleen whales（須鯨），have natural filters（過 濾器）.the brus

42、h-like filter-feeding system，可知齒鯨沒有過濾器,故C也可以解釋。綜上所 述答案為A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題 最后一段首句Fifty years ago,there was almost no plastic in the ocean.五十年前， 海洋里幾乎沒有塑料。再結(jié)合本文的主要內(nèi)容：海洋被垃圾嚴(yán)重污染，大量海洋動物因此 死去，惡劣的海洋環(huán)境給動物造成了嚴(yán)重的生存挑戰(zhàn)。由此可知作者在最后一段中強調(diào)這50 年中海洋生存環(huán)境發(fā)生的巨大變化。故答案為以【11題詳解】主旨大意題。本文的主要內(nèi)容是：海洋被垃圾嚴(yán)重污染，大量海洋動物因此死去，惡劣的海 洋環(huán)境給動物造成了嚴(yán)

43、重的生存挑戰(zhàn)。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“海洋中的沉默殺手”。故答 案為B。DWhile we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.Why isnt complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.The brain is designed to work efficiently.This means that when we repeat a

44、thought, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed.Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed.This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.Yet the harmful effects dont stop there.

45、A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus（海馬區(qū)）,which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol, a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger.Constantly having a

46、high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar; and lower immunity（免疫力）.The ill effects of our complaining aren*t just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us.We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubb

47、orn complainers in our circle of companions.The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude（感恩）Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine.Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sug

48、ar.lt also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power; happiness and physical well-being.What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you ar

49、e grateful, you feel better all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.What do Para 2-3 mainly talk about?The diseases caused by complaining.The decrease of a vital part of our brain.The bad effects of complaining on brain power.D The reason why certain thought patterns becom

50、e habits.What can we know about cortisol from the passage?Gratitude is an effective cure for Cortisol.Our body produce cortisol when we feel exited.Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.What attitude does the writer take t

51、o stubborn complainers?A. Grateful.B. Tolerant.C. Disapproving.D. Skeptical.Where can the passage most probably appear?A. In a newspaper.C. On a website.B. In a medical report.D. In a radio program.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C【解析】這是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，抱怨會導(dǎo)致在解決問題時起重要作用的海馬區(qū)變小。除了 造成大腦損傷，抱怨還會釋放一種壓力荷爾蒙:皮質(zhì)醇，持續(xù)高水平

52、的皮質(zhì)醇會導(dǎo)致高血壓、 高血糖和免疫力下降。處理持續(xù)負(fù)而情緒的最好方法是培養(yǎng)一種感恩的意識?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段 Yet the harmful effects dont stop there. A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.（然而，有 害影響還不止于此。一項研究表明，抱怨會導(dǎo)致在解決問題時起重要作用的海馬區(qū)變小。）以 及第二段主要解釋了抱怨如何對大腦產(chǎn)生消極影響的。故可知第2

53、-3段主要談?wù)摫г箤δX力的 不良影響。故選C。13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句 Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity.（持續(xù)高水平的皮質(zhì)醇會導(dǎo)致高血壓、高血糖和 免疫力下降。）可知皮質(zhì)醉水平過高會導(dǎo)致許多健康問題。故選D.【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn compla

54、iners in our circle of companions.（基于這個原因，我們應(yīng)該小心在我們的朋友 圈里有固執(zhí)的抱怨者。）可知作者對于固執(zhí)抱怨者的態(tài)度是不贊成、反對的。故選C。15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句 Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.（清 在下面的評論區(qū)分享你的想法。）可知文章最有可能是出現(xiàn)在一張網(wǎng)頁上。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分125分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項 為多余選項。High on the Qinghai-Tib

55、et plateau lies Chinas Water tower“ Sanjiangyuan.16 The three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and Lancang River; provide water for about half the population of China. However; human activities such as overgrazing（過度放牧）are putting this ecosystem at risk.7, In 2016, the Chinese government

56、established Sanjiangyuan National Park,which was a pilot（試行）program for Chinas national park svstem. 18 Due to the progress made in the region, Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on Aug 19.Sanjiangyuan National Park is a model of ecoD、otection 19 For example, Herdsmen have given their grassl

57、ands to nature and resettled in urban area. As for wildlife, they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but it must be realized. As President Xi wrote in the congratulatory letter to the forum,

58、 Building an ecological civilization bears great significance in the development and progress of human civilization.7 With great efforts, people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside natures animals. 20Hopefully, though,

59、we have realized the damage.Its home to the headwater of Chinas three big rivers.Unfortunately, the situation has got worse and worse.It attracts visitors with its fantastic nature beauty and various wildlife.The park has increased the area/s green coverage and attracted more wildlife.Hopefully, the

60、 success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a greener future.The local government has different ways of slowing environmental degradation.【答案】16.B17. A 18. E 19. G 20. F【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國將建立以三江源為龍頭的國家公園系統(tǒng)及其重要意義。 【16題詳解】根據(jù)前句High on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lies Chinas Water tower Sanjiangyuan.