統(tǒng)考大學(xué)英語A閱讀理解

1、閱讀理解10-1+5復(fù)習(xí)3/5Remember global warming? Back in December, the threat of climate change was thundering and the rich countries agreed to cut their carbon-dioxide and other green-house-related emissions. Since then, interest has cooled markedly, and many European countries are already running away from

2、 the promises they made so loudly a few months ago. But there has been much talk, and a bit of action, to encourage renewable energies such as wind, hydro, solar and all living organisms. These emit no greenhouse gases, but tend to cost more than coal, oil or ga06.全球溫室效應(yīng)的產(chǎn)生， 主要是由于大量使用含碳燃料一46. The be

3、tter, simpler idea is to remember that the easiest way to reduce something is to tax it - in this case, by taxing the carbon content power. 收取一定的稅費是減少任何東西的最有效的辦法，對于治理威脅氣候變化的含碳 燃料來說，這種方法當(dāng)然也適用。47A.The dirtier the power, the more tax itwould pay.收稅的標準是根據(jù)能源的碳含量來確定稅率，含碳量越高，收稅的 稅費就越高 o 47B.So dirty coal w

4、ould be more expensive than clean coal,which would see its price rise in relation to oil, which would be moreexpensive compared with gas, 47C. D.which would lose some of its price advantage over renewables.49.Unless a carbon tax was so huge as to be economicaMyippling削弱,it would not remove the price

5、 differential between all renewables and fossil fuels. But it would narrow that gap, by fixing the differing environmental costs into the price - a useful principle in itself. 48B.jt would also give renewable producers a strong incentive to cut costs, and fossil-fuel suppliers the motivation to clea

6、n their products.48A.Precedents suggest strongly that a carbon tax would be effective. But the disadvantage to carbon tax is political. 1兌費應(yīng)該行之有效： 單由干政治原因： 它并 沒有像人們所期待的那樣發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的作用。48CAfter almost a decade of trying,the European Union gave up an attempt at a European carbon tax last year.經(jīng)過近 十年的努力，歐洲聯(lián)盟

7、去年放棄了歐洲碳排放稅的嘗試。Germanys rulingcoalition is fighting against a proposed energy tax.德國的執(zhí)政聯(lián)盟正與擬議的能 源稅作斗爭。In America, politicians believe that even mentioning the notion iscertain death.在美國，政客們認為，即使提到這個概念，也是必然白死亡。 But many of the political objections could be met if a carbon tax were made up for the los

8、s elsewhere,但是，如果為其他地方的損失彌補了碳稅，許多政治異議就能得 至U滿足,for example by lowering payroll or sales taxes.降彳氐工資單或銷售稅。 There is always suspicion when governments come up with clever new ways to tax, and rightly so. The response to that suspicion should be to win the argument, not to abandon it.5d （此種稅收的不理條件是政治原因所

9、導(dǎo)致的：各國政府并沒行之有效的推行碳稅，因為一些政府通過減少其他稅收作為碳稅的補償；一些政府甚至 都不敢提及該稅，因為他們害怕招致公眾的懷疑。）According to the passage, the easiest way to remove global warming isto encourage people to use renewable energiesto cut down the cost of wind, hydro, solar and all living organismsto force people to pay more tax for the carbon

10、content of powerto talk less but act moreThe standard of paying tax was.that the more carbon content of power it contained, the higher tax one would pay它包含的更多的碳含量，稅收就越高。that oil would be more expensive than clean coal石油會比清潔煤更貴。xthat renewables would be most expensive of all可再生能源將是最昂貴的所有in the order

11、that renewables are the most expensive while clean coal the cheapest在可再生能源是最昂貴而清潔煤最便宜的順序We can infer from the passage that carbon tax.may not be as effective as people expect可能不像人們期望的那樣有效has encouraged renewable producers to cut costs鼓勵可再生生產(chǎn)者降低成本has reduced consumption of the carbon content energy s

12、uccessfully成功降低了碳含量能量消耗couldnt be that effective if fossil fuels would not be forbidden如果不禁止化石燃料的話，就不會那么有效。We can infer from the passage that carbon tax.A. greatly increasing 大幅上漲 B. seriously weakening嚴重衰弱C. sharply decliningD. abruptly haltingThe reason why many countries stopped introducing carbo

13、n tax eventually was mainly that.許多國家最終停止開征碳稅的原因主要是 governments had tried to put it into effect for many years but with no obvious result各國政府曾試圖將其付諸實施多年，但沒有明顯的結(jié)果if one country made up the loss by paying the carbon tax, other countries would follow it如果一個國家通過支付碳稅來彌補損失，其他國家就會效仿它。governments were afrai

14、d of being suspected if they adopted the new tax政府害怕被懷疑，如果他們通過了新的稅收governments had been discussing what to do with carbon tax for a long time, but they hadnt come to an agreement長期以來，政府一直在討論如何處理碳排放稅，但他們并沒有達成協(xié)議。Key: CAABC閱讀理解15-16+20復(fù)習(xí)3/3It was 1985, and Rafe Esquith was beginning his third year of t

15、eaching in Los Angeles public schools. 71. He faced a class of 40 sixth-graders from low-income homes where English rarely was spoken, and the best reader among them was two years below grade level.RE勺六年級班里共有40名來自低收入家庭的學(xué)生.他們在家里很少說 英語，其中最好的學(xué)生閱讀能力也只能達到低于兩個年級的水平.因此可以判斷這些學(xué)生大多來自移民家庭。學(xué)生的閱讀水平較低并不等同于智力水平低。B

16、ut to everyones surprise, he decided to teach them Shakespeare.學(xué)牛們對學(xué)習(xí)莎士比亞的興趣,參加的人數(shù)越來越多。 Five families agreed to let their children play Macbeth for two hours after school. This proved to be so much fun that, within weeks, Esquith had 28 kids happily soaking up the drama of blood and betrayal in medi

17、eval Scotland. They were learning many words they had never heard before.But when Esquith asked a school district supervisor for official approval, he received this note: 72.Mr. Esquith, it is not appropriate that you stay after school to teach Shakespeare. It would be better if you did something wi

18、th the children that is academic.It would not be the last time that the narrow thinking of big-city school administration got in Esquiths way. Yet the bearded, 6-foot-tall cyclone has proved that 73.a teacher who thinks very big-much harder lessons,larger projects, extra class time-can help disadvan

19、taged children in ways most educators never imagine. 增加課程的難度和課后的時間會對處于劣勢的學(xué)生大有幫助，而這一點大多數(shù)教育專家沒有意識到This was difficult at first, until he stumbled upon a concept of teaching that is at the core of his success. 74.American children, even those from hardworking immigrant cultures, have in Esquiths view be

20、en wrongly taught that learning should always be fun, by teachers who think hard lessons are bad for kids from low-income homes. When faced with something difficult, such students dont know what to do.The Declaration of Independence says Americans are entitled to the pursuit of happiness, but the em

21、phasis in public schooling has been on the happiness, he believes. What happened to pursuit? 74.Esquith said. So he has created an entirely new universe in his classroom, cherishing effort and the slogan, There Are No Shortcuts.美國的教育一直提倡學(xué)習(xí)是有趣的。但RE認為汶星一種誤導(dǎo)。他的觀點是學(xué)習(xí)必須付出努力，學(xué)習(xí)是沒有捷徑的。As for their own dram

22、atic performances, Esquith got around the original ban on his after-school Macbeth rehearsals by switching to Thornton Wilders Our Town. When that class finally performed the Shakespeare play, a school district supervisor showed up. The high-ranking district administrator came up afterwards and shoo

23、k his hand. Rafe, she said, Ive never seen Shakespeare done better.75本文。要介紹一位具有創(chuàng)新思路的老師Rafe Esquith以及他在教學(xué)中的思路和新做法It can be learned from the passage that Esquiths students.liked the traditional teaching better 更喜歡傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)were relatively poor in intelligence 智力相對較差were mainly from immigrant families 主要來自移

24、民家庭refused to cooperate with the new teacher 拒絕與新老師合作At first, Esquiths Shakespeare-teaching.won the support of the school authoritygot slow response from the school authoritydid not draw attention from the school authoritywas not allowed by the school authohtyIt is implied that most educators.fail

25、to realize the potential of disadvantaged students無法認識弱勢學(xué)生的潛能fail to introduce fun into the learning of disadvantaged students對弱勢學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)不引入樂趣are reluctant to admit the unfair treatment to disadvantaged students不愿承認對弱勢學(xué)生的不公平待遇are unaware of the difficulty faced by disadvantaged students不知道處境不利的學(xué)生面臨的困難E

26、squiths principle of teaching is different from the general one in thatEsquith的教學(xué)原則不同于一般人，即he insists on giving harder lessons to more advanced students他堅持要給更多的高級學(xué)生更多的教訓(xùn)。he places greater emphasis on hard work in students learning他更加重視學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)中的勤奮工作。he pays less attention to students academic performanc

27、es 他對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績 不太重視。he dismisses the concept of extra homework for students他放棄了 學(xué)生額外作業(yè) 的概念。What is the main idea of the passage?An inspiring teacher wins the love and respect of his students.An experienced teacher contributes to the school and the students.An innovative teacher makes changes in the st

28、udents.An optimistic teacher helps build confidence in the students.Key: CDABC閱讀理解11-26+30復(fù)習(xí)2/3Youre trying to control my life, says my nine-year-old son. I dont know why you think you can do that, but you cant. I received this bit of information after I asked Gabriele to put his dirty socks in the

29、basket. And I get no sympathy from my mother, who says, You let him have his way from the beginning.Its true. I have always asked Gabrieles opinion, found out how he felt about things - treated him as my peer發(fā)現(xiàn)他對事情的感覺-把他當(dāng)作我的同伴,not my child. And what have I got from my troubles? A lot of back talk. 5

30、1.At least Im not alone; its a complaint heard among parents across the country.52B.Its not just that were confused by the contradictory advice offered in parenting books.這不僅僅是因為我們對育兒書中提出的矛盾建議感到困惑。52CThe factis, in an effort to break away from how we were raised - to try something more liberal than

31、our parents do it because I say so approach - our generation has gone too far.事實是，許多家長在擺脫自己的小時候的成長模式希望以更加自由的態(tài)度對待自己的孩子，而這些家長成長時受到的教育是“家長說什么就是什么,我們這一代人走得太遠了。 152A.Todays parents want to be young, so they try to be friends with their children, says Kathy Lynn, a parenting educator.When it comes to disc

32、ipline our society has gone from one extreme to the other, says Ron Moorish, a behavior specialist. We used to use the strap 打，to intimidate 恐嚇.Then we had permissiveness, and now its about giving children choices and allowing them to learn from their own experiences.53.Real discipline, says Moorish

33、, is about teaching. By correcting our children when they do something wrong, we teach them how to behave properly, he says. But this only works, he emphasizes, if parents regain their position of authority. Children will always be children. The key is for parents to choose to take the time to guide

34、 and teach their kids.Rita Munday, a mother of four children, couldnt believe the dramas that played out in the childrens shoe store she operated. She often saw children insist on having the high-priced, brand-name shoes. And even when the mother didnt want to spend the money, she would give in when

35、 the kid started acting up and throwing shoes around. Rhonda Radice, Mundays younger colleague, is one parent who has bucked the trend and is proud of it. 54.I dont negotiate with them. You cant. Ive seen parents come into the store and bribe their children to behave. You shouldnt have to buy love a

36、nd respect.我不與他彳門談判。 你不能。我見*寸父母來店里賄賂孩子彳門的行 為。你不應(yīng)該買愛和尊重。55一本文。要介紹現(xiàn)代父母與子女的關(guān)系從過去的家長式變成朋友式以及由此產(chǎn) 生的問題。The authors way of treating her sonA： is shared by many parents 被許多父母分享is encouraged by her mother 受到母親的鼓勵proves to be quite successful 證明是相當(dāng)成功的shows little concern for the child 對孩子沒有什么關(guān)心It can be infer

37、red from the passage that W以從段落推斷出，A： parents should learn to make friends with their children父母應(yīng)該學(xué)會和孩子交朋友。parents need to follow the advice of parenting books父母需要聽從育兒書的建議todays children enjoy more freedom than the previous generation今天的孩子比上一代人享有更多的自由。todays parents are better at raising children th

38、an previous generation 今天的父母比上一代人更善于養(yǎng)育孩子。According to the passage, to have discipline means that parents shouldA： adopt the do it because I say so approach：用”做，因為我這么說的方法teach their children to understand the rules 教孩子理解規(guī)貝Unegotiate with their children for a decision 與子女協(xié)商作出決定never allow their childr

39、en to have their ways永遠不要讓他們的孩子有他們的方If Ronda Radice is the parent who has bucked the trend, which of the following can also be cited a皴弓 I 用 the example for bucking the trend?A： Parents buy whatever their children want.父母買孩子想要的東西。Parents treat their children as their equals.父母視子女為平等Parents make deci

40、sions for their children.父母為孩子做決定。Parents maintain authohty over their children. 父母對子女保持權(quán)威。The main point of the passage is to.A： compare different ways of raising childrenanalyze the problems faced by todays parentsexplain the importance of understanding childrenpoint out the mistakes made by the o

41、lder generationKey: ACBDB閱讀理解5-21+25復(fù)習(xí)1/3.Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month-old infants, according to a long-term national study. The finding holds even if care be

42、gins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week.Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers, however, the mother-child relationship may be damaged. This research helps us put apart complexities regarding child care that 33.have not prev

43、iously been studied in detail, “ contends Jay Belsky, a psychologist.The investigation consists of 1,153 children and their families living in or near Boston. The youngsters, no more than 1 month old when they entered the study in 1991, 35A.will be tracked until the age of 7. 35B.Experimenters admin

44、istered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and 35D.videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1, 6 and 15 months. 35Cndependent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness. Unlike most previous studies, 34.this one allows researchers to

45、 observe each caretakers personalty at child nursing, and kids emotional reactions by the equipment.From the first paragraph we know that .判斷題，瀏覽四個選項，談?wù)摰氖悄赣H撫養(yǎng)孩子與其他人撫養(yǎng)孩子之間的關(guān)系, 先瀏覽第一段把握大意，再進行判斷做題，第一段：根據(jù)研究，經(jīng)常由家庭以外 的其他人照顧孩子，這種情況本身并不會破壞母子關(guān)系，該結(jié)論甚至認為，即便這種情況從孩子出生的最初3個月就開始，每周持續(xù)30多個小時，也不會對母 子關(guān)系有影響。mother care

46、 is the best according to a national study根據(jù)研究，母親照顧孩子是最好的child care outside home is the best in accordance with the study根據(jù)研究，由家庭以外的其他人照顧孩子是最好的regular child care outside home does not in itself do harm to mother-child relationship經(jīng)常由家庭以外的其他人照顧孩子，這本身不會破壞母子關(guān)系connections between mothers and infants are

47、 damaged by outside care母親與嬰兒之間的關(guān)系會被其他外來照顧者傷害According to the passage, unresponsive care from a mother may.A. ruin a kids growthB. harm the mother-child tieC. hurt a babys emotional reactionD. spoil a childs personalityJay Belsky implies that the study of child care.was never carried out in the past

48、was not done much in detail in the pastwas greatly ignored by psychologists and researcherswas interesting but very difficult to make discoveryThe main difference between the investigation and the previous ones is that .the researchers started with only one month old infantsthe observers could rate

49、the quality of child care efforts and analyzed them soon C. the researchers were able to give the questionnaires to mothers in their homes D. video equipment enabled researchers to observe what was happening directly 35. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the investigation?It will last at least 7

50、 yearsCooperation from the mothers is also necessary.Some independent observers play a part.Researcherspaid site visits to see a caretakers personality and kids emotional reactions.研究人 員只是.岸期尋訪，不是一百期，察Key: CBBDD調(diào)查包括居住在波士頓或附近的1153兒童及具家庭o這些青少年在1991年進 入研兗期不超過1月，將被追蹤至了生。實蛉者對家里的母親迸行了問卷調(diào)查. 笄在 L 和15月的時間里錄制

51、了嬰兒看護者與孩子們的互動。獨立歡察員評 價了每個兒童護理工作的廟里，井注意到嬰兒的緊張情緒。不像以前的大多獨 研究,這一I頁允許研究人員觀察每個看守者在兒童護理方面的個性，以及孩子 們在設(shè)苗上的情緒反應(yīng)。閱讀理解-56+60 復(fù)習(xí) 1/3In 1985, the Coca-cola Company made the decision to change the formula of its leading soft drink. 36.The change was based on the findings of many market studies. These studies had

52、shown the general response to the new product was good. However, the change of the traditional Coca-cola by New Coke was rejected by the majority of drinkers. In fact, the company had to step back and restart production of the old formula of Coca-cola.The most important reason why New Coke was rejec

53、ted was the emotional relationship that existed between drinkers and the soft drink formula. Drinking 37:Coca-cola had become a tradition for many people over Is 99 years of existence. The change made by the company was not only in Coke formula 38.but also in the traditional values and memories that

54、 it represented to the drinkers. “We had taken away more than the product Coc01a. We had taken away a little part of them and their past. The drinkers rejected thisimprovement ” , because “they believed that Coke stood for traditional value so they felt betrayed when the product changed completely o

55、vernight39B.Although a 10t of research was done by Coca-cola Company, it didn ，t show the depth of drinkers emotion for the product. The studies took many forms, 39A.but none of the tests was able to measure the degree of personal and emotional reactions caused by the disappearance of the old, tradi

56、tional Coca-cola. 39C.DThe weakness of the research was that it was mainly quantitative in form. The result was only numbers that could not show the deep meaning the product had for many people. 40.A more extensive study focusing on the qualitative aspects of the change would perhaps have been able

57、to demonstrate the close relationship existing between drinkers and product. 一個 更廣泛的研究集中在質(zhì)量方面的變化，也許能夠證明飲酒者和產(chǎn)品之間存在 密切關(guān)系。Coca-cola Company changed the formula in 1985 because.it led the soft drink industry in the marketits market studies supported the change in the formulait carried out market researc

58、h for expansionIt simply felt the need to make the changeAccording to the passage, the drinkers rejected New Coke because of. A. the late response to the market by coca-cola company 可口可樂公司對市場的后期反應(yīng)the reproduction of Coca-cola s old drink formula可口可樂舊飲料配方的復(fù)制a strong dislike by Cocaola s regular drink

59、ers可口可樂的普通飲酒者強烈厭惡the emotional relationship between the drinkers and the 01d soft drink飲者與老軟飲料的情感關(guān)系The product Coca-cola was believed to stand for.traditional values and good memories 傳統(tǒng)價值觀與美好回憶traditional customs and happy days 傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗與快樂時光past honors and efficient management 過去的榮譽和高效的管理top quality an

60、d wonderful taste 一流的品質(zhì)和美妙的品味Which of the following statements is true?Research by Coca-cola considered emotional factors.可口可樂的研究考慮了情緒因素。Coca-cola did little research before they made the change.可口可樂在做出這種改變之前做了很少的研究。Research by Coca-cola was quantitative rather than qualitative.可口可樂的研究是定量而不是定性的。Rese