初中英語定語從句課件(1)

1、定語從句 定語從句概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞 的句子. Attributive clause modify nouns or pronouns in the complex sentenceIn the sentence.(Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容詞作定語句子作定語,修飾girl, 叫做定語從句1.The man is a farmer.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子: The man who is spe

2、aking at the meeting is a farmer.Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并為一個句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Mary is a girl who has long hair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which, who, whom, whose, thatWhere, when 定語從句的用法:當(dāng)先行詞是物時, 用which 或that引導(dǎo). When the antecedent is content, with which or that These are the tre

3、es which were planted last year.當(dāng)先行詞是人時, 用who, whom, whose, that引導(dǎo). When the antecedent is a person, with the who, the disappearance of,Whose, that guide.who, whom, whose, that用法區(qū)別.who 作定語從句的主語或賓語. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meet

4、ing.分解作主語Whom 作定語從句的賓語 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解作賓語whose 作定語從句的定語. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定語that 可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.注意: 關(guān)系代詞作動詞賓語時可 省略. The woman (whom/ that

5、) they wanted to visit is a teacher.下列情況只能用that1.當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時。 eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2. 當(dāng)先行詞是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one, everything, 等不定代詞時。 eg. Everything we saw in the film was OK.eg. All that I can do has been done. 3.當(dāng)先行

6、詞被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修飾時 eg. I have eaten all the food that is left.4. 當(dāng)先行詞是There be 句型中的主語且指物時。 eg. There is little work that is fit for you. 沒有什么工作適合你做。5.當(dāng)先行詞同時包括人或物時。 eg. We often talk about the people and the things that we are interested in. 我們常常談?wù)撐覀兏信d趣的人或事。6.當(dāng)主句是who或which時。 eg. W

7、ho is the girl that has black long hair? eg .Which is the pen that you bought?7.當(dāng)先行詞作主句的表語時。eg .China is not the country that used to. 中國不再是過去那樣的國家。eg .Its a sunny day that we are longing for. 這就是我們所渴望的晴天。8.當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時。eg. This is the very beautiful girl that Im l

8、ooking for. 這正是我一直在尋找的漂亮女孩.eg. Thats the only thing that I can do now.eg. You are the last person that I meet here. 你是我在這兒遇見的最后一個人。3. 我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂. I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那個女的是一名教師. The woman who lives next door is a teacher.修飾物體時關(guān)系代詞that和 which的區(qū)分使用that的情況：1、當(dāng)先行詞是nothin

9、g, something, anything, all, each等不定代詞時。eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?2、當(dāng)先行詞被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修飾時。 eg. I have some books that are very good.3、當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞所修飾時。eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.

10、4、當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the last, the next, the only 等詞修飾時。eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.5、當(dāng)先行詞又有人又有物時。eg. I wont forget the things and the persons that I saw.只能使用which的情況。1、非限制性定語從句中。eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious.2、在介詞之后。eg. This is a house in which lives an old man.3、當(dāng)主句中的

11、主語被that修飾時。eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.修飾人時關(guān)系代詞that 和who, whom的區(qū)分。當(dāng)主句中的主語是who時，只能用that。eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there?在非限制性定語從句中以及介詞后面時只能用who 或者whom。eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting.There are 40 students in the class, most of whom a

12、re boys.關(guān)系代詞whose既能修飾人，也能修飾物，在定語從句中充當(dāng)定語，修飾先行詞。eg. She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful.Mary has a very good dog, whose hair turns out white and black. 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的用法以及與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)分。關(guān)系副詞在定語從句當(dāng)中只能充當(dāng)狀語，當(dāng)一個句子能夠完整地表達(dá)一個意思時，我們就可以給這個句子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。eg. I wont forget the time when I got marrie

13、d.Have you still remember the days when we stayed together?This is the place where we had a good time.Is this the house where Mr Smith lives?I dont know the reason why he wont join us.Do you know the reason why he didnt come to sweep the classroom?關(guān)系副詞when, where和關(guān)系代詞that, which的區(qū)分。同樣是修飾一個地點，有時使用whe

14、re，有時使用that/which；同樣是修飾一個時間，有時使用when， 有時使用that/which。這主要看兩點：一是定語從句是否完整；二是定語從句中的謂語動詞是否是一個及物動詞。請比較以下句子：This is the park that we visited last year.This is the park where we held a birthday party.She wont forget the days that she spent on the island.She wont forget the days when they stayed together.Tha

15、ts the date when we went to the college.Thats the date that she wont forget for ever.I like the time when we lived together.I like the time that we had together.關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 和介詞+which之間的關(guān)系。關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which介詞的位置非常靈活，有時放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時放在動詞之后。eg. 1. I wont forget the date when( on which) I wa