大學英語四級翻譯技巧課件

1、大學英語四級考試翻譯應試技巧考點：四級翻譯主要考查學生熟練掌握英語的能力，主要包括考查語法、核心動詞、動詞短語和固定搭配。 一、評分標準（語言、整體結構） （1）整體內容和語言均正確，得1分。（2）結構正確，但整體意思不確切、信息不全或用詞不當，得0.5分。（3）整體意思正確但語言有錯誤，得0.5分。（4）整體意思完全錯誤，即使結構正確也不得分。（5）大小寫錯誤及標點符號忽略不計。例如：Since my childhood I have found that _ (沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力).（2019.12）1分 nothing but reading can attract me so

2、 much0.5分 there is nothing but reading that can catch my attention (意思不確切) 0分 nothing is more interesting than reading book for me (意思不確切、語言錯誤)二、真題解析 （ 2019.12 ）87. ( 多虧了一系列的新發(fā)明) ,doctors can treat t his disease successfully . 88. In my sixties, one change I not ice is that _ ( 我比以前更容易累了) 89. I am g

3、oing to pursue this course, _ ( 無論我要作出什么樣的犧牲) 90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _ ( 它更加方便和省時) 91. Many Americans live on credit and their quality of life _ ( 是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的) , not how much they can earn.87.Thanks to a series of new inventions. (考察固定搭配thanks

4、 to , a series of )88.I get tired more easily than before.(考查的是表語從句,考查點之二是比較級)89.no matter what I have to sacrifice /pay （主要考查犧牲的表達）90. shopping online is more convenient and efficient /can save more time.(考查表達convenient ,time-saving, efficient,還涉及對篇章的把握和靈活處理能力 )91. is measured in terms of how much

5、they can borrow. (本題考察詞匯measure， 固定搭配in terms of)三、題型特點及應試技巧四級翻譯部分的主要考察點, 考查方式主要有以下特點: 1. 從形式上看四級翻譯是只翻譯半句, 而不是整個句子。 2. 大學英語大綱要求的核心詞匯和詞組是翻譯考試出題的重點之一。主要考點為：（1）語法考點。側重點是虛擬語氣、倒裝結構、從句、非謂語動詞（動名詞、過去分詞、獨立主格）等。（2）核心動詞和動詞短語的考查。（3）固定搭配。主要是名詞與動詞搭配、形容詞與名詞搭配、動詞與副詞修飾關系、名詞與介詞搭配、固定詞組及固定表達等。四、解題步驟1. 通讀全句 例如：_（她目不轉睛地看

6、著窗外），she told us that our friend Tom had died in the air crash.【解析】劃線部分不是一個句子，而是一個狀語成分，必須使用非謂語結構或獨立主格結構。Staring out of the window； 2. 審查時態(tài) 例如：Since were here _(我們不如四處看看）. 【解析】 前半句一個條件狀語從句，因此劃線部分應該是主句，有完整的主謂結構，而且全句使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài) 。we may as well look around.3. 組織語言例如：By contrast，American parents were more

7、 likely _(把孩子的成功歸因于）natural talent.【解析】本題考查be likely to do sth.“很可能做”和attribute sth. to sb. “將歸因于”的用法 to attribute their childrens success to 4. 重新審視確認自己翻譯的部分與題目給出的英文部分已構成了一個語法正確、達意清晰的句子。還應該重點檢查句首字母的大寫、冠詞和代詞的使用以及主謂一致的問題。 五、語法重要考點虛擬語氣是翻譯部分的考查重點，虛擬語氣的用法主要有以下幾點：1. 虛擬條件句中，主句與從句中謂語動詞的形式可分為下面三類： 1) 表示與現(xiàn)在事

8、實相反的情況：從句：If主語+過去時(Be動詞用were)主句：主語+should/would/could/might+do(動詞原形)eg： If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 2)表示與過去事實相反的情況從句：If主語+had+done主句：主語+should/would/could/might+have doneeg：If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 3)表示對將來情況的主觀推測從句： if+主語+were to do/did/were/should/would/co

9、uld/might +do主句：主語+should/would/could/might+doeg：If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him. （2009.6）88.If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary _ (就不會被大雨淋了).【答案】would not have been caught in the heavy rain。本句考查的是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。從句使用的是過去完成時had returned，因此主句也必須是情態(tài)助動詞加上完成時。另外“被雨淋到”要使用be caugh

10、t in the rain這一說法。 2.一些能引起虛擬語氣的某些介詞、介詞短語和連詞的用法，如：lest，in case等。in case，lest后面的句子使用虛擬語氣，意思為“以防，以免”，虛擬語氣的形式為should+動詞原形，should不可以省略，但可以不用虛擬語氣而改用陳述語氣。（2019.12）Youd better take a sweater with you（以防天氣變冷）.【答案】in case /lest it should turn cold。本題考查的是in case和lest后面的句子要使用虛擬語氣，其形式是should加動詞原形。3.一部分表示建議、主張、命令

11、、緊要等概念的詞語，由于本身隱含說話人的主觀愿望，其后的主語從句、賓語或同位語從句往往采用“（should)動詞原形”的虛擬形式，如：suggest, propose, command, order, request, require等。eg. Hesuggested that we(should) takethe teachers advice. 4.一些形容詞后面的主語從句中往往采用“（should）動詞原形”，這些形容詞包括important，essential，necessary，urgent，vital等。eg. It is strange that such a person (s

12、hould) be our friend.六、重點句型1）It is+形容詞+that【例句】It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.【翻譯】可想而知，知識在我們的一生中扮演著重要的角色。2）It is+形容詞+to do/ doing【例句】She had said what it was necessary to say.【翻譯】她已經(jīng)說了一切有必要說的話。3）祈使句/名詞+and/ or【例句】Work hard, and you will finally be able to reach

13、your destination.【翻譯】努力工作，你就能實現(xiàn)自己的目標。4）as+many/much+名詞+as【例句】It is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in London.【翻譯】據(jù)說，游客每天在利茲的花銷僅為在倫敦的一半。5）倍數(shù)詞+as+形容詞+as【例句】The reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago.【翻譯】這個水庫的面積是十年前三倍。英語四級翻譯訓練1.(這個計劃成功的關鍵) _is good

14、 planning.2. The specific use of leisure_(每一人都不同)3. The ships generator broke down and the pumps_( 不得不用手工操作 ) instead of mechanically.4. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_( 習慣了學生遲到 ) his lecture.5. I prefer to communicate with my customers _( 通過寫電子郵件而不是打電話)6. After the terroris

15、t attack, tourists _ ( 被勸告暫時不要去該國旅游)7.( 他把自己奉獻于社區(qū)工作 ) _ and is passionate about what he is doing.8. Man should not exploit the natural resources _ ( 以犧牲其他物種為代價 ).9. When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor _ ( 把此歸因于她對未來的信念 ).10. At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children

16、 to work hard _ ( 不要讓父母失望 ).11. In the budget for this building, they failed to _( 考慮價格增長的因素 ).12. Only after I slapped him on the back _( 他才發(fā)現(xiàn)我并高興得叫起來 ).13. I didn t even speak to him, _( 更不用說與他討論事情 ).14. Some young people would rather try hard themselves to go through life than _( 求助于他們的父母 ) with

17、a sense of guilt.15. The victim _( 本來有機會活下來 ) if he had been taken to hospital in time .1. The key to the success of this project2. from individual to individual.3. had to be operated manually4. to students being late for5. via E-mail instead of telephone7. he devoted himself to the community6. were advised not to travel to that country at the moment8. at the cost of sacrificing/loss of other species