名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、GrammarNoun ClausesNoun ClausesSubject ObjectPredicative Appositive ClauseTell the function of each of the clauses in the following sentences:1.You know that I am a teacher of English.2. That I am a teacher of English is known to you all .3. It is known to you all that I am a teacher of English.4. T

2、he fact that I am a teacher of English is known to you all.5. I am worried about whether you can do well in the exam. 6. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in the exam. that I am a teacher of English That I am a teacher of English that I am a teacher of English whether you can do wel

3、l in the exam.Object ClauseSubject ClauseSubject Clause Predicative ClauseAppositive Clause that I am a teacher of English whether you can do well in the exam.Object ClauseSubject ClauseWhat I am worried aboutThe Subject Clause:1.Whether it is true remains a problem.2.That her hair was turning grey

4、made her very worried.3.What I can do is to tell you the truth.4.How the machine works is just what we want to know.5.Whoever breaks the law shall be punished.6.It was obvious that the driver couldnt control his car.Questions:1.Can we use “if” instead of “whether”?2. Whats the difference between “th

5、at” and “what”?3.When the Subject Clause is too long, what should we do?4.Can the conjunction “that” be left out in the Subject Clause? The Object Clause:1.They thought that the question was too difficult.2.Im certain that he will get there in time.3.She has made it clear that she does an important

6、job.4. Ill do whatever you ask me to.5.Do you know whether hell come or not?6. Do you know if/whether any decision has been arrived at?Questions:1. Can the conjunction “that” be left out in the Object Clause? 2.Can we use “if” instead of “whether” in the fifth sentence?The Predicative Clause:1.It lo

7、oks as if it is going to rain. 2.That is why he failed the exam.3. China is no longer what it used to be. 4. The reason why he was absent was that he was ill. 5. What she wants to know is which book she should buy.6. The question is whether we should accept his invitation. 1. Can we use “because” in

8、 place of “that” in the fourth sentence 2. Can we use “if” instead of “whether” in the sixth sentenceThe Appositive Clause:1.I have no idea when he will arrive. 2.Word has come from the capital that President Hu Jingtao will come to visit our school . 3.The suggestion that we should follow his advic

9、e was accepted at last. Besides the words “idea, word,suggestion”, can you list some more?The news which they had won the game soon spread all over the whole school.The news The news that we got excited us.that our football team had won excited us.that we gotAppositive ClauseAttributive Clause“that”

10、 在同位語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用,一般不可省略。在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。 Identify the type of clause in the following sentencesConjunctions of Noun Clauses:連接詞連接代詞連接副詞what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, whichthat, whether, if, as if(as though)when, where, how, why（狀語(yǔ)）(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)）Tell whether the following clauses ar

11、e right:1.That she wants to know is which dress she should buy.2.He will give up his job surprises all of us.3. No matter who breaks the law will be punished.4.If the meeting will be held in our school is not known yet.5.He is said that he has accepted the invitation.What That WhoeverWhether ItTell

12、whether the following clauses are right:6.The reason why he was late was because his bike broke down halfway.7.I dont doubt whether/if he will come soon.8. He told me the news which was very exciting.9.After that seemed a long time, he came back to life.10.He told me the news if our team won the mat

13、ch.thatthat what thatChoose the best answers:1. 1989 These photographs will show you . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like2. 1992Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our school next

14、 week.what B. that C. whether D. when3. 2004全國(guó)卷I I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 4. 1995 is a fact that English is being accepted as an international languageA.There B. This C. That D. It5. 1996 _ we cant get seems better than we have.6. 1999

15、 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where7. 04湖南卷I think Father would like to know_Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. howWhat , what B. What, that C. That ,that D. That , what

16、8.2001 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when9.2004全國(guó)卷IYou are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree.10. 2005浙江卷Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which11. 04天津卷A m

17、odern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where12. 04上海卷 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. howwhy B. where C. what D. howComplete the following sentences:1._(毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)

18、)the prices of cars will go down.2.The idea_ (電腦能識(shí)別人的聲音) surprises many people.3.I have no idea _ (該選哪一個(gè)).4.The problem_ (我們是否做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn))has been solved.5.The question_(誰(shuí)將出國(guó)) needs considering.There is no doubt thatthat computers can recognize human voiceswhich one I should choosewhether we will do the e

19、xperimentwho will go abroadComplete the following sentences(page 119):S1:Professor, I want to know （50年后我們的日常生活會(huì)是什么樣）S2:Dr Smart, my question is (全球變暖對(duì)地球會(huì)有什么影響).S3:Professor, can you predict (污染能否被制止住)S4:Dr Smart,I want to know (將來(lái)我們會(huì)不會(huì)有足夠的食物供養(yǎng)不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口) what our daily life will be like in 50 years. w

20、hat effects global warming will have on us. whether pollution will ever be stopped? whether we will have enough food to feed the growing population. Complete the following sentences(page 119):S5:Professor Smart, my question is （太空航行什么時(shí)候能變得既簡(jiǎn)便又便宜）S6: Professor, who will win the debate on (是否應(yīng)該允許克隆人類)

21、S7: Dr Smart, I would like to know (會(huì)不會(huì)有更多無(wú)法治愈的疾病)S8: Professor, what is your prediction about (地球什么時(shí)候死亡) when space travel will become easy and inexpensive. whether human cloning should be allowed? whether there will be more incurable diseases. when the earth will die? Practice2:Join two sentences

22、into an Appositive Clause.1.The fact that two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.We heard the news last night that the British Prime Minister was on a three-day visit in China.3. The view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online is share

23、d by many British parents.4. There is no scientific proof for the idea that mobile phones stop teenagers from spending money on dresses on cigarettes.5. The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time to themselves is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.Language Re

24、visionconsist of make the most ofhave an influence onbe of great valueon the basis ofbe made up ofmake full use of have an effect onbe valuablebe based onSentences analysisThe idea that England stands for Fish &Chips, Speakers Corner and the Tower of London is past.Appositive ClauseThe fact that Gre

25、at Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.The result of so much French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words.PredicativeClauseThat most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.SubjectClausePr

26、actice 1:The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.that the plane would take off on timethat is spreading around the airportthat a heavy storm is coming.Appositive ClauseAttributive ClausePredicat

27、iveClauseThey realise that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.Object ClauseSome people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.The suggestion that they are considering isthat stud

28、ents should learn something practical. that students should learn something practicalthat they are consideringthat students should learn something practical.Appositive ClauseAttributive ClausePredicativeClause1.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.2. It is very important that we lea

29、rn English well .3. The problem is that he often tells lies.4. I will tell her as soon as she comes.5. The birthday present that he gave me was a car. 6. That the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known to all.that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.that we learn English wellthat he

30、often tells lies.That the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in BeijingObject ClauseSubject ClausePredicative ClauseSubject ClauseAdverbial Clauseas soon as she comes.that he gave meAttributive ClauseCan you tell the function of the following clauses:定語(yǔ)從句一、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞指代人 who，whom，that指代事物 which，that所屬關(guān)系

31、 whose，of which指地點(diǎn) where指時(shí)間 when指原因 why二、關(guān)系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但下列情況只用that。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that先行詞是all,everything,nothing,anything,somet

32、hing,much,little,none等不定代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。(something有時(shí)可用 which)Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum. thatthatthat先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No samp

33、le _ we have received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time. that that that that先行詞被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have ar

34、oused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc. thatthat先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that .Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ? that thatWho做先行詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。Well done !三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的

35、情況He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom

36、。Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang, with _ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.whichwhichwhom在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。 注意：如何判斷介詞The girl _ whom he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _

37、 whom I think you can depend .1、看定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配foron2、看定語(yǔ)從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.withat3、根據(jù)先行詞判

38、斷，所用的介詞與先行詞 搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom, _ which there is a teachers desk.atin the front ofThe committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.The book contains 50 poems, most of _ were written in the 1930s.There are two left, one of _ is

39、 almost finished, and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence, the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+ of +which/whomwhere 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或含有地點(diǎn)意義的抽象名詞，用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句做狀語(yǔ)。This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.The table where (= at which ) s

40、he is sitting is a new one.Can you think of a situation where you may use this expression?注意 1若定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _/that_ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wher

41、ewhichwhich注意 2區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句where前面有被修飾的地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，是定語(yǔ)從句，否則是狀語(yǔ)從句。When you read books, you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.when 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句作狀語(yǔ)。Ill never forget the da

42、y when (= on which ) I met you.This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .We will put off the outing until next week, when we wont be busy.注意:若定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I sent on campus.Ill never forget

43、 the time _ was spent with you.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhy引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是表示原因的名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.The reason _ she gave was not true.whichthatwhose 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。表示所屬關(guān)系。The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.whoseThere are in this class

44、 20 students, _ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whoseAdverbial Clause 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1. I was reading when my mother came in.2. Dont go out before I come back .3. Ill give you a phone as soon as I come back.4. The moment the button is

45、pressed the machine starts.5. I waited for him until he came back.when, as, while, after, before , after, until, till, as soon as , the moment,表示“一就.”的句型1 as soon as 2. on doing/on ones n 3. no sooner (had done) than (did) hardly .(had done) when(did) scarcely (had done) when (did)The thief was caug

46、ht _ _ _ he arrived in Dalian._ _ in Dalian, the thief was caught.Hardly _ the thief _ in Dalian _ he was caught.The thief _ _ _ _in Dalian than he was caught.The thief _ _ _ in Dalian _ he was caught. as soonasOnarrivinghadarrivedwhenhadnosoonerarrivedhadscarcelyarrivedwhenwhen/while/as/during/befo

47、re He whistled _ he milked the cow._he left school at fourteen, he began to make a living by himself._ a young man, he went to France for French.Beijing looks beautiful especially _ autumn.He was about to leave _ the telephone rang.It will be a long time _ we see each other again.He is very poor _hi

48、s brother is rich._ taking a walk in the street, he saw an accident.asWhenAsduringwhenbeforewhileWhen/while地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句1. Put the box where it was .2. I will follow you wherever you go. where, wherever 1.The light went out, because the oil was out.2. As it is raining, Ill not go out. 3. The days breaks ,f

49、or the birds are singing.4. Since you insist, Ill go.5. Now that you have finished your work, you may go now._ 原因狀語(yǔ)_since, because, as, for ,now that since/as/for/because1. Why didnt he come yesterday ? -_ he had something important to do .2. It must have rained last night ,_ the ground is wet.3. _

50、everybody is here, lets begin the meeting.4. _ the weather is fine, wed better go swimming.5.It is _ he was ill that he did not come today.BecauseforSinceAsbecause 目的狀語(yǔ)從句Ill speak slowly so that you can follow me.They set out early in order that they might arrive on time.He took the umbrella in case

51、 it rained.He worked day and night in order to succeed.He raised his voice so as to be heard. so that , in order that, so as to , in order to ,in case, _ 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句He worked so hard that he passed the exam.He is such a good boy that all love him.such that, so that .so thatsuch.as /suchthat /so.as /so .t

52、hatTonny is _ clever a boy _everyone likes.Tonny is _a clever boy _everyone likes him.There are _ many good things _ our students expect.They are _ little boys _ everyone likes them.The West Lake has _ attractive scenery _everyone is eager to go to._soassuchthatsoassuchthatsuchas讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Although the T

53、V set was very expensive, I still bought it.No matter what happened, he shouldnt give up.Even if the weather is bad, well make a trip.Try as I might, I couldnt lift the stone.although, though, whoever, no matter who, even if (though), as _as 1. Child as he is, the boy knows everything.2. Proud as he

54、 is, he is afraid to see me.3. Try as I might, I couldnt finish the work.4. Hard as he works, he couldnt succeed.adj/adv v + as + clause n although/though/as/even if /in spite of /despite1. _ she is young, she knows quite a lot.2 Clever _ he is , he doesnt study well.3. Nobody believed him _ his exp

55、lanation.4. She returned to her old habit of smoking, _ I had persuaded her to give up.5. He said he would come ; he didnt ，_.6. Try to be honest to others , or you wont be happy _ you are rich.Although/thoughasdespite /in spite of thoughthougheven if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句Tell me about it if you have time.Dont spe

56、ak unless you are asked to.Suppose (supposing) he is ill, what shall we do ？Youll do all right, as long as you follow his advice.if, unless, as long as , suppose, supposing,provided that _狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略 狀語(yǔ)從句的省略原則主要是：如果從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致，就可以經(jīng)過(guò)一定的變動(dòng)把狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一部分或全部省略，從而使語(yǔ)言更加簡(jiǎn)潔、明了?，F(xiàn)就把各種狀語(yǔ)從句的省略現(xiàn)象列舉如下： 一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略 When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小時(shí)，就開始學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。 While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大學(xué)時(shí)就開始認(rèn)識(shí)他，一個(gè)奇怪但有能力的學(xué)生。 When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive,