中醫(yī)英語課件整理

1、 Chapter1Yin-yangandfivephasetheory11Basictermsandphrasesinyin-yangandfivephasetheory陰陽學(xué)說Yin-yangtheory母氣motherqi精氣學(xué)說Essentialqitheory子氣childqi五行學(xué)說Fivephase(element)theory虛deficiency相生engendering(woodengendersfire;實(shí)excessFireengendersearth.)表exterior相克(restraining(Earthrestrainswater,Waterrestrainsf

2、ire.)里interior相乘overwhelming(或over-acting)熱heat相侮rebellion(或insulting)寒cold母子相及motherandchildaffecting陰盛yinexuberanceeachother陰盛陽衰Yinexuberancewithyangdebilitation陽盛陰衰Yangexuberancewithyindebilitation陰陽是事物的兩類屬性Yinandyangarethefundamentalcategoriesofallphenomena.背屬陽，腹屬陰；Thebackisyangandtheabdomenisyi

3、n.六腑屬陽，五臟屬陰Thesixbowelsareyangandthefivevisceraareyin.氣屬陽，血屬陰表、實(shí)、熱證屬陽，里、虛、寒屬陰Exterior,excessandheatdiseasepatternsareyang,whileinterior,deficiencyandcolddiseasepatternsareyin.陰陽互根mutualrootingofyinandyang陽根于陰，陰根于陽Yanghasitsrootinyin;yinhasitsrootinyang.陰損及陽Detrimenttoyinaffectsyang陽損及陰Detrimenttoyan

4、gaffectsyin.肝陽上亢Ascendanthyperactivityofliveryang陽勝則陰病，陰勝則陽病；Ifyangabounds,yinailsandifyinabounds,yangails.陽勝則熱，陰勝則寒Whenyangprevails,thereisheatandwhenyinprevailsthereiscold.寒勝則痛whencoldprevails,thereispain.升清降濁upbearingtheclearanddownbearingtheturbid邪之所湊，其氣必虛Forpathogenstoencroach,qimustbedeficient

5、(translatedbyNigelWiseman)大腸主津，小腸主液Thelargeintestinegovernsfluidwhilethesmallintestinegovernshumor.奪血者無汗，奪汗者無血。Despoliationofblooddiminishessweat,anddespoliationofsweatdiminishesblood.衄家不可發(fā)汗，亡血家不可發(fā)汗。Patientssufferingfromnosebleedsmaynotbemadetosweatandpatientssufferingfrombloodcollapsemaynotbemadeto

6、sweat.12治療學(xué)(Therapeutics)滋enrich養(yǎng)nourish健fortify固secure解release澀astringe祛dispel散dissipate理regulate清clear瀉purge斂constrain潤(rùn)moisten補(bǔ)tonify溫warm益replenish除eliminate滋enrich化resolve化痰resolvephlegm（轉(zhuǎn)）化transform肝陽化火liveryangtransformingintofire肝陽化風(fēng)liveryangtransformingintowind疏soothing（動(dòng)詞原形：soothe）疏肝理氣sooth

7、etheliverandregulateqi疏肝養(yǎng)血soothetheliverandnourishtheblood疏肝健脾soothetheliverandfortifythespleen疏肝和胃soothetheliverandharmonizethestomach溫補(bǔ)命門warmandtonifythelifegate解表releasetheexterior清法clearingmethod清肝火clearliverfire清熱和胃clearheatandharmonizethestomach瀉火purgefire瀉肝purgetheliver瀉心purgetheheart潤(rùn)腸Moiste

8、ntheintestines溫胃warmthestomach溫中warmthemiddle溫中散寒warmthemiddletodissipatecold溫中和胃warmthemiddletoharmonizethestomach溫陽行水warmyangtomovewater溫經(jīng)止痛warmthemeridiantorelievepain散淤dissipatethestasis散寒dissipatecold潛陽subdueyang平肝潛陽pacifythelivertosubdueyang宣肺止咳diffusethelungtosuppresscough宣肺平喘diffusethelungto

9、calmpanting宣肺化痰diffusethelungtoresolvephlegm補(bǔ)氣生血tonifyqiandengenderblood熱者寒之Treatheatwithcold補(bǔ)養(yǎng)心血tonifyandnourishheartblood滋陰補(bǔ)陽enrichyinandtonifyyang扶正祛邪reinforcethehealthyqiand虛者補(bǔ)之Treatdeficiencywith(orby)eliminatethepathogenicfactors.八法eightmethodstonification或Deficiencyistreatedwith(orby)tonifica

10、tion扶正reinforcethehealthyqi寒者熱之Treatcoldwithheat祛邪eliminatethepathogenicfactors.祛風(fēng)劑wind-dispellingformula補(bǔ)益劑tonifyingandreplenishingformula清暑劑summerheat-clearingformula理血?jiǎng)゜lood-regulatingformula安神劑tranquilizingformula13Syndromedifferentiation辨證patternidentification/syndromedifferentiation陰陽辨證yin-Yan

11、gpatternidentification/syndromedifferentiation陰陽失調(diào)證pattern/syndromeofyin-yangdisharmony陰證yinpattern/syndrome陰虛證yindeficiencypattern/syndrome陰陽兩虛pattern/syndromeofdualdeficiencyofyinandyang陰虛火旺證pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywitheffulgentfire陰虛水停證pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywithwaterretention陰虛濕熱證

12、pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywithdampness-heatlowfever,nightsweating(nightsweats),flushedcheeksintheafternoon,vexingheatinthechest,palmsandsoles,abitterandgreasytasteinthemouth,reddenedtonguewithyellowslimyfurandrapidfinepulse表證exteriorpatternsuddenonset,aversiontocoldortowind,fever,headache,gener

13、alizedpain,thintonguefurandfloatingpulse半表半里證half-exteriorhalf-interiorpattern/syndromebittertasteinthemouth,drythroat,nauseaandlossofappetite,string-likepulse表虛證exteriordeficiencypattern/syndromereluctancetospeak,lassitude,palpitation,dizziness,tinnitus,decreasedfoodintake,weakpulse表寒證exteriorcoldp

14、attern表熱證exteriorheatpattern里熱證interiorheatpattern表熱里寒patternofexteriorheatandinteriorcoldChapter2Qi,blood,essenceandfluidandhumor21Basicterms津液fluidandhumor腑氣bowelqi傷津damagetofluid血虛blooddeficiency先天之氣innateqi(prenatalqi)肝藏血theliverstorestheblood.先天之精innateessence脾統(tǒng)血thespleenmanagestheblood.后天之氣acq

15、uiredqi血主濡之bloodgovernsnutrition.后天之精acquiredessence血熱bloodheat正氣healthyqi血為氣之母bloodisthemotherofqi邪氣pathogenicqi血瘀bloodstasis元?dú)鈖rimordialqi(sourceqi)瘀血staticbloodEssenceisthebasisofthebody衛(wèi)氣defensiveqiacquiredessenceessenceofwaterandfood營(yíng)氣nutrient(nutritive)qireproductiveessence(innateessence)臟氣vis

16、ceralqi氣為血之帥Qiisthecommanderoftheblood.氣能生血Qiengendersblood.氣能行血Qimovesblood.氣能攝血Qicontainsblood.氣不攝血Qideficiencyfailingtocontrolblood氣脫qicollapse氣閉qiblock氣滯qistagnation氣逆qicounterflow氣陷qisinking氣機(jī)不利inhibitedqimovement(或inhibitedqidynamics)三焦tripleenergizers上焦upperenergizer中焦middleenergizer下焦loweren

17、ergizer筋骨sinewsandbones血?dú)獠缓?，百病乃而生Ifbloodandqifallintodisharmony,ahundreddiseasesmayarise.氣主煦之，血主濡之Qiinvigoratesandbloodnourishes.Humanlifedependsonthisqi.Whenqigathers,thephysicalbodyisformed;whenitdisperses,thebodydies中焦受氣，取汁，變化為赤，是謂血Themiraculouspivotstates:“themiddleenergizertakesinqi,extractsits

18、essence,andturnsitintotheredsubstancethatisblood.”肝受血而能視；足受血能步；掌受血能握；指受血而能攝。Theliverreceivesblood,sothereissight;thelegsreceivebloodandthusareabletowalk;thehandsreceivebloodandsoareabletogrip;thefingersreceivebloodandthenareabletograsp.中焦之所受氣者，泌其糟粕，蒸津液，化其精微，上行于肺脈，乃化而為血，以奉生身，莫貴于此，故獨(dú)得行于經(jīng)隧，命曰營(yíng)氣。Fromthe

19、qithatthemiddleenergizertakesin,itproduceswasteanddistillsfluidsfromwhichitextractstheessence.Thisthenflowsintothelungmeridianwhereitistransformedintobloodwhichfurnishestheneedsofthebody.Itspreciousnessisunexcelledbyanything.Itflowsthroughthebloodvesselsandisknownasnutrientqi.22Symptoms血虛證:證見面白無華或萎黃

20、、唇色淡白、爪甲蒼白、頭暈眼花、心悸失眠、手足發(fā)麻、舌淡苔白、脈細(xì)無力blooddeficiencypattern/syndromeCommonly-seensymptomsinblooddeficiencysyndromeare:pale(lusterless)orsallowcomplexion,palelipsandnails,dizziness,dimmedvision,insomnia,palpitations,numbnessofextremities,paletongueandwhitetonguefurandfine(forceless)pulse.面色淡白或晦滯，身倦乏力，氣

21、少懶言，疼痛如刺，常見于胸脅，痛處不移，拒按，舌淡暗或有紫斑，脈沉澀。Palewhiteordull,darkcomplexion,lassitudeandlackofstrength,shortageofqiwithnodesiretotalk,unpalpablestabbingpainfrequentlyseeninrib-side(s)offixedlocation,paletongueorwithpurplespeckles,sunkenandroughpulse.Bloodcollapsespatternacriticalpatternoccurringincasesofacute

22、massivebleeding,markedbypallor,dizziness,palpitations,faintandshortbreathing,coldextremitiesandevenmentalconfusion,paletongue,hardlyperceptiblepulse.BloodstasispatternApatternmarkedbyformationofvisiblepainfulandtendermass,orabdominalmasswithstabbingpainandtenderness,orbleedingofbloodwithclots,irregu

23、larpulse.BloodheatpatternApatternthatoccurswhenexuberantpathogenicheatentersthebloodaspectandismanifestedbyfever,nose-bleeds,vomitingofblood,expectorationofblood,bloodystool,skineruptions,oradvancedperiodswithprofusebright-redmenstrualdischarge,vexation,orevendeliriumandconvulsions,deepcrimsontongue

24、andrapidstring-likepulse.咳嗽cough干咳drycough噯氣belching惡心nausea干嘔dryretching久病enduringdisease(illness)嘔吐vomiting體質(zhì)虛弱weakconstitution營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良malnutrition吐酸acidvomiting呃逆hiccup食欲不振poorappetite消化不良indigestion胸悶oppressioninthechest脫肛prolapseoftherectum大量失血heavybloodloss血液生成bloodformation面色complexion面色萎黃sallowf

25、acialcomplexion面黃yellowcomplexion面色蒼白palecomplexion面色淡白palewhitecomplexion（注意）面色晦暗dull，darkcomplexion頭暈dizziness心悸palpitation驚悸frightpalpitations鈍痛dullpain耳痛earpain目痛eyepain胸痛chestpain胃痛stomachpain腹痛abdominalpain足跟痛heelpain心慌flusteredness健忘forgetfulness（amnesia）無澤lusterless失眠insomnia心煩vexation煩熱heat

26、vexation手足煩熱vexingheatintheextremities手足心熱heatinthepalmsandsoles五心煩熱vexingheatinthechest,palmsandsoles身重heavybody身癢generalizeditching身痛generalizedpain麻木（不仁）numbness脹痛distendingpain刺痛stabbingpain冷痛coldpain灼痛scorchingpain固定痛fixedpain劇痛severepain痛無定處painofunfixedlocation耳鳴tinnitus口渴thirst口干drymouth口淡bl

27、andtasteinthemouth口苦bittertasteinthemouth口甜sweettasteinthemouth宿食retainedfood嗜偏食dietarypredilection五味偏嗜flavorpredilection飲食不節(jié)dietaryirregularities噯氣belching便溏sloppystool(orloosestools)水瀉waterydiarrhea里急后重tenesmus儒泄soggydiarrhea便膿血stoolcontainingpusandblood大便干硬hardboundstool小便不利inhibitedurination小便頻數(shù)

28、frequenturination小便澀痛difficultpainfulurination小便渾濁t(yī)urbidurine口酸sourtasteinthemouth口澀astringenttasteinthemouth口咸saltytasteinthemouth口麻numbnessinthemouth口粘膩stickyslimysensationinthemouth小便短赤shortvoidingsofreddishurine小便清長(zhǎng)longvoidingsofclearurine沉脈sunkenpulse數(shù)脈rapidpulse細(xì)脈finepulse(threadypulse)洪脈surgi

29、ngpulse(floodingpulse)弦脈string-likepulse濡脈soggypulse微脈faintpulse浮脈floatingpulse緩脈moderatepulse淡白舌paletongueRedtongue紅舌Purpletongue紫舌paleredtongue淡紅舌小便短少shortvoidingsofscanturinebluetongue青舌bluishpurpletongue青紫舌crimsontongue絳舌舌苔tonguefur白苔whitefur黃苔yellowfur燥苔dryfur厚苔thickfur粘膩苔stickyslimyfur譫語deliriousspeech錯(cuò)語disorderedspeech惡寒a(chǎn)versiontocold畏寒fearofcold自汗spontaneoussweating盜汗nightsweating(nightsweats)冷汗coldsweating神疲lassitudeofspirit乏力lackofstren