高中英語Unit7TheSeaLesson1TheSpiritofExplorers課件北師大版必修精品PPT

1、Unit 7 The Sea沖浪運動以海浪為動力,沖浪者利用自身的高超技巧和平衡能力搏擊海浪。這項運動驚險刺激,令人神往。你知道這項運動是如何發(fā)展而來的嗎?SurfingSurfing is an amazing sport with an impressive history.The exact origins of surfing are not certain,but it was first observed by Europeans on a ship in Tahiti in the Southern Pacific Ocean in 1767.Research suggests

2、that surfing dates back to the ancient Polynesian cultures that existed long ago.According to many myths,the chief of a tribe was the man who could surf the best.In other words,the top wave rider was the top man in his community.That says a lot about how important surfing was in the lives of the anc

3、ients.Hawaiian surfing has a rich tradition.The ancient Hawaiians looked at surfing as a part of their life.It was not just a hobby or a job,but a way of life and an art form for them.Constructing a surfboard was a spiritual process,and great care went into all things related to surfing. The people

4、were fascinated by the idea of conquering the ocean and discovering the mysteries buried beneath the powerful waves.The most skilled surfers gained respect in society.Surfing culture really took off in the 1960s when movies and surf music like the Beach Boys drew international attention.Southern Cal

5、ifornia beach culture and the surfing lifestyle caught the eye of many people.This trend has continued up to the present day.There are now tons of surf shops,events,prime beaches,and an entire subculture that revolves around this extreme sport.Riding the waves is one of the most thrilling experience

6、s out there,so it is not a surprise that humans have taken to this sport for countless years.單詞注釋spiritual/spIrItl/ adj.心靈的;有靈性的fascinate/fsIneIt/ vt.使著迷;吸引住subculture/sbklt(r)/ n.次文化;亞文化revolve/rIvlv/ vt.&vi.旋轉(zhuǎn)extreme/Ikstrim/ adj.極端的,極度的thrilling/ / adj.驚險的;令人興奮不已的難句剖析1.Constructing a surfboard wa

7、s a spiritual process,and great care went into all things related to surfing.譯文建造沖浪板是一個精神活動過程,而且還要仔細考慮與沖浪相關(guān)的一切。剖析這是一個并列句,constructing a surfboard為動詞-ing短語作主語,后一分句中related to surfing為過去分詞短語作定語,修飾all things。2.Riding the waves is one of the most thrilling experiences out there,so it is not a surprise t

8、hat humans have taken to this sport for countless years.譯文沖浪是最令人刺激的體驗之一,所以人們無數(shù)年來喜歡這項運動也就不足為奇了。剖析這是一個并列句,前面一個分句中的one of the most thrilling experiences表示“最令人刺激的經(jīng)歷之一”。后面一個分句中的it is not a surprise that.是個常見句型,表示“不足為奇,并不使人驚訝”;take to“喜歡,開始從事”。導讀誘思Why are there so many people who enjoy surfing in the worl

9、d?答案:Because surfing is a thrilling and fascinating experience,and people enjoy the feeling of riding the waves.Warm-up & Lesson 1The Spirit of ExplorersPre-reading一、探索大海的渴望使人類從遠古時代起就開始傾聽遠方的呼喚,他們不畏艱險,揚帆遠航。不管航海的動機是什么,那些偉大的航海家們的冒險精神都值得我們崇敬。你認識和了解下面這些舉世聞名的航海家嗎?請從方框中選出他們各自主要的航海經(jīng)歷。a.sailed directly from

10、Europe to Indiab.led an expedition across the Pacific Oceanc.led seven expeditions to what the Chinese called “the Western Ocean”(Indian Ocean)d.achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islandse.led to general European awareness of the Ame

11、rican continentsf.sailed around the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488答案:1-c2-e3-b4-a5-f6-d二、從課文中找出與下列英文釋義對應(yīng)的單詞1.a long journey,especially by sea or in space2.a person in your family who lived a long time ago3.a person who travels to unknown places in order to find out more about them4.to make sb. d

12、o sth. by giving them good reasons for doing it5.not known or identified6.at the end of a period of time or a series of events7.a thing that sb.does that is usually very good or very bad8.an act of travelling from one place to another9.a talk that is given to a group of people to teach them about a

13、particular subject,often as part of a university or college course10.to say that you are sorry for doing sth. wrong or causing a problemvoyageancestorexplorerpersuadeunknowneventuallydeedjourneylectureapologise三、短語互譯A.溫故:從文中找出與下列漢語對應(yīng)的短語1.來自 2.被吹離航線 3.被稱為 4.被迫離開 5.記錄下來 B.知新:從文中找出下列短語并寫出它們的漢語意思6.accor

14、ding to 7.get into trouble 8.make it to 9.in search of 10.set sail come from be blown off coursebe known as be forced to leave write down根據(jù)陷入麻煩中到達尋找;尋求起航四、閱讀課文,選擇正確答案1.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.How the Vikings discovered America.B.The life of Vikings in Scandinavia.C.Eric the Reds li

15、fe story.D.Old stories about the Vikings.2.Its said that Eric the Red got into trouble .A.when he left IcelandB.when he reached GreenlandC.when he committed a murderD.when he returned to IcelandAC3.After Eric the Red discovered Greenland,.A.people started to live on that islandB.he thought people co

16、uldnt live on itC.some people went back with him to GreenlandD.he set sail further west4.Who does “he” in Line 23 refer to?A.Eric the Red.B.Biarni.C.Biarnis father.D.Erics father.5.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?A.Biarni sailed to Newfoundland with Leif.B.Newfoundland lies north to

17、 Canada.C.No people lived in Newfoundland when Leif discovered it.D.Biarnis directions were of great use to Leif.CBD五、觀察下列句子,指出各定語從句的引導詞及先行詞1.Eric set sail with 25 ships,of which only 14 made it to Greenland.引導詞: 先行詞:2.Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder,for wh

18、ich he got into trouble.引導詞: 先行詞:3.Biarni was the man with whom Leif discussed his plans.引導詞: 先行詞:4.By around 900 AD,there were many places in Northern Europe where the Vikings chose to live.引導詞: 先行詞:5.I still remember the day when I attended my first lecture in college.引導詞: 先行詞:6.She didnt tell us

19、the reason why she gave up her job.引導詞: 先行詞:of which ships for which murder with whom man where many places when day why reason Post-reading六、閱讀課文,然后根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格中的空白處填入恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意:每個空格只能填一個單詞。before controlled living trouble persuaded search unknown directions made further 12345678910111.If not,then your

20、group should arrange to meet outside of school hours and choose a time thats best for most people in the group.如果沒有完成,那么你們組就要在課外安排會面,選一個大多數(shù)組員都最方便的時間。考點arrange v. 安排,準備Ive arranged that you can have the car.我已經(jīng)安排好讓你用車。Ann is arranging a surprise party for her sons birthday.安正在給她兒子準備一個驚喜的生日聚會。Have you

21、 arranged to meet Mark this weekend?這周末你安排與馬克見面了嗎?David arranged for someone to drive him home.大衛(wèi)安排了某個人開車送他回家。1234567891011歸納arrange(安排)后可以跟that引導的從句,也可以直接跟不定式,但其后不能跟雙賓語,也不能跟帶不定式的復合賓語。若表示“安排做某事”,用arrange to do sth.;表示“安排某人做某事”,用arrange for sb.to do sth.。另外,arrange后的賓語只能是指物的名詞。考點延伸閱讀下面的句子,體會arrangeme

22、nt的詞性和含義。Ive agreed to help with arrangements for the party.我答應(yīng)幫忙安排聚會。詞性:名詞含義:安排123456789101112345678910112.frightening adj. 令人驚恐的,駭人的What was the most frightening experience youve had?你所遇到的最令人害怕的經(jīng)歷是什么?Graphs can seem frightening,but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story.圖表可能看起來很嚇人,但讀一個圖,就像讀

23、一個故事?？键c延伸frightened adj. 害怕的I got quite frightened when he lost his temper.他發(fā)起脾氣來讓我覺得挺害怕的。Dont be frightened of making/to make mistakes when you speak English.講英語時別害怕犯錯誤。1234567891011歸納frightening常用于形容或描述人或物本身的性質(zhì);frightened用于形容或描述人受外物影響而產(chǎn)生的反應(yīng);常用結(jié)構(gòu)為be frightened of doing sth./be frightened to do sth.

24、,意為“害怕(去做)某事”。1234567891011123456789101112345678910113.In 982 AD,when a man called Eric the Red decided to set sail further west,there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland.公元982年,冰島生活著多達一萬個古代斯堪的納維亞人,就在此時,一個叫埃里克雷德的人決定向西遠航。剖析when引導定語從句,其中過去分詞短語called Eric the Red作后置定語,修飾man;主句中as many as.為

25、原級比較結(jié)構(gòu),其中動詞-ing短語作后置定語修飾Vikings。1234567891011考點set sail 起航On September 20,1519,Magellan and a crew of 270 men set sail from Spain on their around-the-world voyage.1519年9月20日,麥哲倫率領(lǐng)270名水手從西班牙起航,開始了環(huán)球之旅。Christopher Columbus set sail for the New World in 1492.克里斯托弗哥倫布于1492年起航去往新大陸。歸納set sail可以單獨使用,當涉及地點

26、時則常與介詞from或for連用。涉及的地點表示起航的起點時,用from;涉及的地點表示起航的目的地時,用for。123456789101112345678910114.According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway,Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder,for which he got into trouble.根據(jù)冰島和挪威的傳說,埃里克雷德因一起謀殺案而被迫離開冰島。剖析because引導原因狀語從句,從句中for whic

27、h引導非限制性定語從句,修飾he had committed a murder一事。1234567891011考點一according to 根據(jù),依照【高考典句】(2017天津高考)According to the last paragraph,what do Alice and her father have in common?根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容,艾麗斯和她的父親有什么共同之處?According to him,Mr Wang will not come today.據(jù)他所說,王先生今天不會來。According to statistics,a man is more than twic

28、e as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman.數(shù)據(jù)顯示,男性死于皮膚癌的可能性是女性的兩倍多。歸納according to是復合介詞,其后接名詞、代詞,不接從句。1234567891011考點延伸使用according to要注意以下幾點:(1)其后所引出的信息應(yīng)來自別人或別處,不能來自說話者。如不能說“According to me,the rents too high.”,應(yīng)當說“In my opinion,the rents too high.”。(2)according to不能與opinion,view等詞連用。如不能說“Accordi

29、ng to his opinion,his players are going to win.”,應(yīng)當說“According to him,his players are going to win.”。1234567891011考點二force vt.迫使【高考典句】(2017浙江高考)Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.本杰明被迫承認他一直在做的事。If you want to succeed,always force yourself to do more.你如果想要成功,就要一直強迫自己多做一點。Countries th

30、at use a lot of coal fear that the climate-change bill will force them to stop burning it.大量使用煤炭的國家擔心,氣候變化方案將迫使他們停止用煤。歸納force后常接復合賓語,用動詞不定式作賓語補足語,構(gòu)成force sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu),意為“強迫某人做某事”。1234567891011考點三get into trouble 陷入麻煩中,陷入困境At first the thing went well,but later on we got into trouble.起初事情進展得很順利,但后

31、來我們陷入了困境。歸納該短語中的trouble不能用復數(shù)形式,也不能在前面加冠詞?？键c延伸閱讀下面的句子,體會run into trouble的含義。The company ran into trouble when it tried to expand too quickly.那家公司在試圖過快地擴張時陷入了困境。含義:陷入麻煩中,陷入困境123456789101112345678910115.He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.他說服一些人與他一起回到了格陵蘭島。剖析不定式短語to go back.作賓語補足語

32、。考點persuade vt. 說服,勸服I advise my father to quit smoking but I cant persuade him to.我建議父親戒煙,但沒有成功。How can we persuade them into joining us?我們怎樣才能說服他們加入到我們中來呢?None of us could persuade him out of his stupid plan.我們誰也沒有辦法說服他放棄那個愚蠢的計劃。歸納persuade的常用結(jié)構(gòu)有persuade sb.to do sth.,persuade o doing sth.及pe

33、rsuade sb.out of (doing) sth.,前兩個結(jié)構(gòu)意為“說服某人做某事”,第三個結(jié)構(gòu)意為“勸某人不要做某事”。1234567891011考點延伸(1)persuade還可表示“使相信,使信服”。Advertisements persuade us that newer is better.廣告使我們相信越新越好。They were persuaded of the young mans ability.他們相信了這個年輕人的能力。歸納persuade表示此意時,后面常接雙賓語,直接賓語通常為that引導的賓語從句;也常用于persuade sb.of sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,表

34、示“使某人相信某事”。1234567891011(2)派生詞:persuasionn. 說服,勸說persuasiveadj. 有說服力的,令人信服的It had taken me a great deal of persuasion to get my father to give up smoking.我費了好大勁才說服我父親把煙戒了。The explanation of factors that are contributing to global warming is not very clear and persuasive.對于那些引發(fā)全球變暖因素的解釋既不清晰,也不能讓人信服。1

35、2345678910111234567891011123456789101112345678910116.Eric set sail once again,this time with 25 ships,of which only 14 made it to Greenland.埃里克又一次起航,這次帶了25艘船,其中只有14艘到達了格陵蘭島。剖析介詞短語with 25 ships作伴隨狀語,of which引導非限制性定語從句,修飾25 ships。考點make it to (及時)到達They got up late.They made it to the classroom though

36、.他們起晚了,但還是及時趕到了教室。Maybe we can make it to this valley before lunchtime.也許我們在午餐之前能到達山谷。歸納該短語中的it表示虛指意義,to是介詞。1234567891011考點延伸(1)make it 表示“獲得成功”。He came to the city to look for his dream and not only made it but made it big.他來到城市尋找自己的夢想,不僅成功了,而且大獲成功。Failure doesnt mean youll never make it.It does me

37、an it will take a little longer.失敗不意味著你不會成功,它意味著你還需要一段時間。1234567891011(2)閱讀下面的句子,體會make it的含義。Im really sorry,but I wont be able to make it on Sunday after all.我真的很抱歉,星期天我根本不可能到場。含義:出場;出席Nice to meet you.Im glad you could make it.很高興見到你。你能來我真的太高興了。含義:到場123456789101112345678910117.Not long after Eric

38、 the Red had landed in Greenland,a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Erics party.埃里克雷德登上格陵蘭島后不久,一個叫比阿尼的人就從冰島起航尋找埃里克一行人。剖析not long after引導時間狀語從句,過去分詞短語called Biarni作后置定語,修飾man;介詞短語in search of Erics party作目的狀語。考點in search of 探尋,尋找On receiving the order,the police set out in search

39、of the missing child.警察一接到命令就馬上出發(fā)搜尋失蹤的孩子。She went into the kitchen in search of a drink.她進了廚房,想找點喝的。1234567891011考點延伸閱讀下面的句子,體會search的詞性和含義。(1)After a long search for the murder weapon,the police found a knife.警察長時間搜尋殺人兇器,終于找到了一把刀。詞性:名詞含義:搜尋(2)Police are still searching for the missing child.警方仍在搜尋那

40、名失蹤的兒童。詞性:不及物動詞含義:尋找(3)The police searched the building for the escapee but failed to find him.警察在那座建筑物里搜尋逃犯,但沒找到。詞性:及物動詞含義:搜查123456789101112345678910118.Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric,but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land,from where he eventually r

41、eached Greenland.比阿尼希望加入與埃里克在一起的父親的行列,但他被風吹離了航道,并發(fā)現(xiàn)自己到了一個陌生的島上,從那兒他最終到達了格陵蘭島。1234567891011剖析這是but連接的并列復合句。but前的分句是復合句,主句用過去進行時表示過去某時的愿望,who引導定語從句,修飾his father;but后的分句也是復合句,from where引導定語從句,修飾an unknown land。介詞一般與關(guān)系代詞which/whom構(gòu)成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)引導定語從句,但from where這種“介詞+關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也常用于引導定語從句。如: We stood at the

42、top of the hill,from where we can see the town.我們站在山頂上,從那兒可俯瞰整個城鎮(zhèn)。It is the biggest telescope in the southern hemisphere,from where the Galaxy can be viewed.它是南半球最大的望遠鏡,從那里可以觀測到銀河系。1234567891011考點一unknown adj. 不知道的,未知的An astronaut exploring unknown planets could do at least part of his exploration w

43、ithout leaving his spacecraft.探測未知星球的宇航員至少有一部分探測工作可以不離開太空船來進行。Whether or not there is life on other planets remains unknown.在別的星球上是否存在生命還未可知?？键c二eventuallyadv. 最終,終于I am sure I will eventually find what I am after.我相信我最終會找到我所追求的東西。Eventually the girls all graduated from college.最終,這些女孩們都從大學畢業(yè)了。123456

44、789101112345678910119.Mr Johnson apologised for the mistake.We complained to him.約翰遜先生為那個錯誤道了歉。我們向他投訴?？键c一apologise vi. 道歉(美式英語拼寫作apologize)【高考典句】(2017天津高考)Respond quickly and briefly,apologising for your mistake.快速而簡單地做出回復,為你的錯誤道歉。Id like to apologise for causing you so much trouble.我想為給你帶來那么大麻煩表示歉意

45、。Ive got to apologise for my behavior.I was impolite.我必須為我的行為道歉,我當時太不禮貌了。He realised this and apologised to me.他意識到這件事,并向我道歉。I apologise that I was not able to come to the party.我為未能參加聚會表示道歉。1234567891011歸納apologise常與介詞for或to連用,for后接道歉的原因,表示“因某事道歉”;to后接道歉的對象,表示“向某人道歉”。另外,apologise后還可接that引導的從句。12345

46、67891011考點延伸 派生詞:apology n. 道歉They made an apology to their customers for the poor quality of computers.因電腦質(zhì)量差,他們已向客戶道歉。Please accept our apologies for the trouble caused.對于給您造成的不便,請接受我們的道歉。歸納apology是可數(shù)名詞,和apologise一樣,也與介詞to和for連用。make an apology 致歉accept sbs apology 接受某人的道歉1234567891011考點二complain

47、v. 抱怨,投訴She complained to him about the pressure of her job.她向他抱怨工作的壓力。One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano.他們的一個鄰居寫信抱怨鋼琴的聲音。She complained that no one had been at the airport to meet her.她抱怨說沒人去機場接她。歸納complain常與介詞to或about連用,to后接人,表示“向某人抱怨”;about后接事物,意為“對進行抱怨”。

48、另外,complain后還可接that引導的從句。1234567891011考點延伸閱讀下面的句子,體會complaint的詞性和含義。(1)I intend to make an official complaint.我打算正式提出抗議。 詞性:名詞含義:投訴;抗議(2)I have no complaints about the hotel.我對這家旅館沒什么不滿意的。詞性:名詞含義:不滿意;抱怨12345678910111234567891011123456789101110.語法(一):關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句當定語從句的引導詞代替先行詞在從句中充當狀語時,定語從句須用關(guān)系副詞引導。主要

49、的關(guān)系副詞有when,where和why等?？键c一when引導的定語從句I still remember the day when we met for the first time.我仍然記得我們第一次相遇的那一天。It was an exciting moment for the Spanish fans,when for the first time their team won the World Cup.對于西班牙球迷來說,那是一個激動人心的時刻,因為在那一刻,他們的球隊第一次贏得了世界杯。歸納when引導定語從句時,從句的先行詞為表示時間的名詞,when在從句中作時間狀語。1234

50、567891011考點二where引導的定語從句After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.在巴黎生活了50年后,他回到了兒時成長的那個小鎮(zhèn)。Some pre-school children go to a day-care center,where they learn simple games and songs.有些學齡前兒童去上日托,他們在那兒學習簡單的游戲和歌曲。歸納where引導定語從句時,從句的先行詞為表示地點的名詞,where在從句

51、中作地點狀語。1234567891011考點延伸當先行詞表示抽象的地點或帶有地點的意味且在從句中充當類似于地點狀語的作用時,定語從句用where引導。Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.生命就像一場長跑比賽,其間我們互相競爭,超越自我。(先行詞是race)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.那些成功的盲人舞蹈演員

52、認為舞蹈是一項視覺比聽覺更重要的活動。1234567891011考點三why引導的定語從句We didnt know the reason why he refused our help.我們不知道他拒絕我們的幫助的原因。Theres no reason why we shouldnt be so rude.我們不該那么無禮,這沒有理由。歸納why引導定語從句時,從句的先行詞通常是reason。1234567891011123456789101111.語法(二):“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句先觀察幾個句子:a.The place to which I went last summer is West Lake.我去年夏天去的地方是西湖。b.I remember the day on which I met you at a bus stop.我記得在公共汽車站遇見你的那一天。c.He doesnt know the person to w