高考真題分類匯編-閱讀理解-人與社會服務(wù)人際溝通(2016-2020)

1、閱讀理解一一人與社會 社會服務(wù)與人際溝通Passage 12020 天津 AAHow to Use a Modern Public LibraiyHas it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for die better Its been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have traiisfbmied

2、 themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.Check out a book While libraries still loan out （出借）books, you 11 find it easier to get a copy of whatever youre looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area lib

3、raries. Via such nenvorks, libraries share their books with each other tlirougli the use of delivery a vehicles. Once die book youve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-maiL so you can pick it up.Check out other items. The library is now a multmiedia zone, loaded

4、with information in many formats （載體形式）.You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazmes. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isnt ofiered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enougli mterest is shown.Join t

5、argeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold readmg-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps youd like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Y

6、our library might be able to accommodate you. And you miglit find it relaxing to brmg your small kid to a half-hour Story Time wlule you sit quietly in a corner witli a good book.Start a business using the help of your local libraiy. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can

7、 become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find mfbniiation on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied iiifbnnation about business management shared through chambers of commerce （商會）and government agencies, and tliey will offer printmg. fax

8、ing and database services you need.Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by.sharing their books on the Internetgiving access to online readmg at a library branchseiidmg a needed book to a library branch nearbymakmg die checkout procedures diverseAccordmg to Paragraph 3,

9、 what items may be checked out from a public library?A. A magazine and ail e-book.B. A game and ail oil painting.C. A music CD and a kids toy.D. A DVD and a video player.As is described in Paragraph 4, takuig a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows.die kid to leam a new languagedie parent to en

10、joy quiet readmgdie kid to overcome readmg difficultiesdie parent to meet tlieir program sponsorYour local library can help you start a business viding relevant infbnnation and supportmg servicesofiermg professional advice on business managementsupplying useful mfbrmation of your potential buy

11、ersarranging meetings with government officialsWhat is tlie purpose of die passage?To point out the importance of public libraries.To encourage people to work in public libraries.To mtroduce the unproved services of public libraries.To call for the modeniization of public library systems.Passage 2 2

12、019 全國卷 I DDDuring the rosy years of elementary school （小學(xué)），I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smokin

13、g cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables, plays-well

14、-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and. when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as die cool kids ma

15、y have seemed. Dr. Prinsteins studies show impleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are H most likely to engage （從事）in dangerous and risky behavior. 11In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity

16、in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys （調(diào)查研究）.M We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likabi

17、lity can lead to healthy adjustment. high status has just the opposite effect on us.”Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In ana

18、lyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. HBcing liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an adva

19、ntage, he said.What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.What is the second paragraph mainly about?The classification of the popular.The characteristics of adolescents.The importance of interpersonal skills.The causes of disho

20、norable behavior.What did Dr. Piinsteins study find about the most liked kids?They appeared to be aggressive.They tended to be more adaptable.They enjoyed the highest status.They performed well academically.What is the best title for the text?Be Nice-You Wont Finish LastThe Higher the Status, the Be

21、tterBe the BestYou Can Make ItMore Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness題組二Passage 12019 全國卷 HB“You can use me as a last resort （選擇），and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it. This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids* lacrosse （長 曲棍球）club.I guess

22、 that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug al he heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids ninning the show and I talk about die dad coaclmig a tea

23、m that his kids arent even on. At this pomt die unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, Ill do it.MI m secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for en

24、d-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watc

25、hing your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community （社區(qū)）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or ser

26、vices provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, Fm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I d freely like to admit.However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?24. What can we infer abou

27、t the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?B. She isnt good at sports.C. She just doesnt want to volunteer.D. Shes unable to meet herschedule.25. What does the underlined phrase Htug at the heartstringsH in paragraph 2 mean?Encourage team work.Appeal to feelings.Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.

28、26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?She gets interested in lacrosse.She is proud of her kids.C. She 11 work for anotlier season.D. She becomes a good helper.A. She knows little about the club.27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?It gives her a sense of duty.It makes

29、her very happy.C. It enables her to work hard.D. It brings her material rewards.Passage 2 2019 北京卷 AWant to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association （GDA） .Whatever stage of life youre at, whereve

30、r you go and whatever project you do in GDA, youU create positive changes in a poor and remote community （社區(qū)）.We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective runn

31、ing of our progranimes.We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures.You might also design an adventure challen

32、ge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, yoif 11 also learn new skills and mcrease your cultural awareness.Yon may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-weck programmes：CountrySc

33、hedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul.lAug.20Jun.7Aug.Egypt24 Jul.20 Aug.19Jun.6 Aur.Kenya20 Jul.16Aug.18 Jun.5 Aug.South Africa2Aug.一29 Aug.15 Jun.2Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partnerswhere our help is needed.All our projects aim to p

34、romote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme.Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website: HYPERLINK Enai：humanresourceslocleve.orWhat is

35、 the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A.To seek local partners.B. To take iii young volunteers.C. To carry out programmes.D. To foster cultural awareness.The programme beginning in August will operate in .A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. South AfricaTlie shared goal of GDAs projects is to .expl

36、ore new culturesprotect the environmentC. gain corporate benefitsD. help communities in need題組三Passage 12019 浙江 BBMoney with no strings attached. Its not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign

37、 that read, HGive What You Can, Take What You Need.People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. People of all ages, races, and socio-economic （社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的）backgrounds gave and took, said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. We e

38、ven had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars/1 Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip （片 段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.fcfcWhat I can say for the folks th

39、at gave die most, is that they were full of smiles J Bridges said. “Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.* Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip mig

40、ht look like part of a new ad campaign. Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.After all, everyone has bad days and good days, he said, Some days you need a hel

41、pmg hand and some days you can be the one giving the helpmg hand/What does the expression Hmoney with no strings attachedH in paragraph 1 mean?Money spent without hesitation.Money not legally made.Money offered without conditions.Money not tied together.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning th

42、e bride?Women tended to be more sociable.The activity attracted various people.Economic problems were getting worse. D. Young couples needed financial assistance. 26. Why did Bridges carry out the project?To do a test on peoples morals.To raise money for his company.To earn himself a good reputation

43、.To promote kindness and sympathy.Passage 2 2018 全國卷 H DDWeve been there: in a lift, in Ime at die bank or on ail airplane, surrounded by people who are. like us, deeply focused on their smartphones ot, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.Whats the problem? It is possible that we all ha

44、ve compromised conversational mtelligence. Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging, or we tlmik its annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider tliat small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say its an inval

45、uable social practice that results ill big benefits.Dismissing small talk as iimniportant is easy, but we cant forget tliat deep relationsliips wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease （潤滑劑）for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of die Shy

46、ness Research Institute at Indian University Southeast. ,Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk： he explains. The key to successfiil small talk is learning how to comiect with others, not jiist communicate with them/In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dumi. associate

47、professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way mto a coflee shop. One group was asked to seek out ail interaction （互動）with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with tlieir server reported significantly higher positive feelmgs and

48、 a better cofiee shop experience. Its not that talkuig to the waiter is better than talking to your husbandsay Dunn. ,But mteractions with peripheral （邊緣的）members of our social network matter for our well-bemg also.”Dunn believes tliat people who research out to strangers feel a significantly greate

49、r sense of belonguig, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belongmg starts with small talk. Small talk is tlie basis of good manners,“ he says.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?Addiction to smartphones.Inappropriate behaviours ill public places.Absence o

50、f communication between strangers.Impatience with slow service.What is miportant for successfill small talk according to Carducci?A. Showing good niamiers.B. Relating to other people.C. Focusing on a topic.D. Making business deals.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A. It improv

51、es family relationsliips.B. It raises peoples confidence.C. It matters as much as a fbmial talk.D. It makes people feel good.What is tlie best title for die text?Conversation CountsWays of Making Small TalkBenefits of Small TalkUncomfortable Silence題組四passage 1 2017全國卷II BI first met Paul Newman in

52、1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and tlie Siindance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didnt want me for the film_it wanted somebody as well known as Paul-he stood up for me. I dont know how many people would have done that: they would have listened to thei

53、r agents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although tliere was ail age difierence, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectfill of craft （技藝）and focused on

54、digging into die characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making firn of each other-but always witli an underlying affection. Those were also at tlie core （核心）of our relationship off the screen.We shared

55、 die brief that if youre fbminate enough to have success, you should put sometlimg back-he with his Newmans Own food and liis Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and tlie institute and the festival. Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly, but shari

56、ng tliat brought us together. We supported each otlier financially and by showing up at events.I last saw him a few months ago. He d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didnt talk about it. Ours was a relationship tliat didnt need a lot of words.Why was the

57、studio unwilling to give die role to author at first?Paul Newman wanted it.The studio powers didnt like his agent.He wasnt famous enough.Tlie director reconmieiided someone else.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?Tliey were of the same age.They worked ui the same tlieater.Tliey were both good actors.Tliey have similar characteristics.What does die iinderliiied word that、 in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Tlieir belief.Their care for children.Their success.Tlieir support for ea