2023屆高考英語復習專題：虛擬語氣

1、虛擬語氣假設(shè)情況 從句時態(tài) 主句時態(tài)與現(xiàn)在事實相反 did/were would/should/could do與將來事實相反 were to do would do 與過去事實相反 had done would have done一般情況下的虛擬語氣If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會帶把傘。(事實:我不可能是你，且對現(xiàn)在事實的假設(shè))If he had taken my advice，he would not have made such a mistake.如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。(事實:沒有聽我的話，且對過去事

2、實的假設(shè))If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him. 如果他明天來這兒的話，我就跟他談?wù)劇?事實:來的可能性很小，不可能，且對將來事實的假設(shè))混合虛擬語氣現(xiàn)在（從句）的情況對過去（主句）的影響e.g., If I were a rich man, I would have bought the home last week. 如果我是有錢人，我上周就會買下這所房子。（事實：我現(xiàn)在沒有錢，但是我如果有錢，我上周就會買，主語為過去的事情，從句為當下的事情）過去的情況對現(xiàn)在的影響e.g., If I had studied hard in

3、 the past, I would be a college graduate now. 如果我過去努力學習，我現(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)是大學畢業(yè)生了。（過去的事實是我不努力學習，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響）含蓄虛擬條件句（不含If） 句子中有without, but for(要不是), or, otherwise等詞隱含某種假設(shè)e.g., Without dance, the world would be boring.(=If there were no dance)如果沒有舞蹈，這個世界將會很無聊。 e.g., Tom is busy, otherwise he would go to the park wi

4、th you. (=If Tom were not busy) 湯姆真的很忙，否則他會和你一起去公園的。 句子中含有If it were not for 或If it had not been for 要不是 e.g., Ifitwerentforwater, no plant could grow. 要是沒有水植物就無法生長特殊的虛擬語氣Wish對現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)：過去式（did/were）We wish he didnt smoke. 我們希望他不吸煙。對過去的假設(shè)：過去完成時（had done）I wished I hadnt spent so much money. 但愿我沒有花這么多錢。對

5、將來的假設(shè)：would/might/could do I wish the train would come. 我希望火車將會來。If only要是就好了，引導感嘆句用虛擬語氣，與wish的用法相同e.g., How I wish I knew his name!=If only I knew his name.Would ratherWould rather sb.+ did sth.對現(xiàn)在/將來的假設(shè) e.g., Idratheryou went tomorrow. Would rather sb. + had done sth. 對過去的假設(shè) e.g., Id rather he hadnt told me this thing.as if/though + 從句 從句時態(tài) were/did 對現(xiàn)在的假設(shè) e.g., He acts as if he knew me. Had done 對過去的假設(shè) e.g., He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.Its time + that + did/ were 對過去的假設(shè)e.g., Its time （that）we