2013甘肅涇川英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音部分phonetics-part

1、PHONETIC SYMBOL英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音基礎(chǔ)音標(biāo)TECC TSI 2013Iris 李靖楠學(xué)前測(cè)試學(xué)前測(cè)試試讀單詞picture gain never happy full themedisk mistake spend fast truth weather between change many can fruit toothfeet same expensive bank woman clothes even great terrible catch push bathweak play letter national should thoughhill famous head pass b

2、anana thankread wait edge salad daughter eitherwindow waste excuse land horse fifthsimple weigh develop man warm month學(xué)前測(cè)試I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but ve

3、ry clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. I am a foreigner, I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English li

4、ke that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. 學(xué)前測(cè)試Then he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn English! he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them! Do they speak English?Fishing is

5、 my favorite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. 學(xué)前測(cè)試I am even less lucky. I never catch anything - not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the ri

6、ver, I always go home with an empty bag. You must give up fishing! my friends say. Its a waste of time. But they dont realize one important thing. Im not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the p

7、ark near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. 學(xué)前測(cè)試Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went

8、towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children, but there werent any in sight: they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what h

9、ad happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank. From “New Concept English 2”CONTENTS 目錄Introduction 導(dǎo)言Basic conceptsVowel 元音Overview 概述Monophthong 單元音Diphthong 雙元音 Consonant 輔音Overview 概述Voiced & Voiceless consonants 清&濁輔音Others 其他輔音INTRODUCTION為什么要重視語(yǔ)音？語(yǔ)言有三大要素：語(yǔ)音、詞匯和

10、語(yǔ)法，其中語(yǔ)音是最基本的因素。作為交際工具的語(yǔ)言，首先是有聲語(yǔ)言，文字只不過(guò)是有聲語(yǔ)言的記錄符號(hào)。聽力與口語(yǔ)能力都有賴于良好的語(yǔ)音基礎(chǔ)。發(fā)音是語(yǔ)音的基礎(chǔ)，音標(biāo)是學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)音的有效工具。INTRODUCTION基本概念字母：詞的最小單位音素：音的最小單位。20個(gè)元音，28個(gè)輔音。音標(biāo)：記錄音素的書面符號(hào)。音節(jié)音標(biāo)國(guó)際音標(biāo) IPADJ音標(biāo)（英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)）KK音標(biāo)INTRODUCTION元音：構(gòu)成音的核心音素聲帶震動(dòng)；氣流不受阻礙，無(wú)摩擦輔音：除元音外其他音氣流不通過(guò)口腔，或在通過(guò)口腔時(shí)阻礙、摩擦。INTRODUCTION元音字母：發(fā)元音音素的字母（構(gòu)成音節(jié)的核心字母）AEIOUY 既可以做元音用又可以

11、做輔音：style, yes輔音字母VOWEL 元音PART I元音Only exist in British English!元音新ie舊iie新ueaae舊uueiuaiauiiu單元音i:舌尖抵下齒，前舌盡量抬高、口形扁平。上下齒分開，距離約能容納一個(gè)火柴棍。嘴角盡量往兩邊移動(dòng)，像微笑的樣子。在發(fā)音的時(shí)候要盡量拉長(zhǎng)。單元音i:ee：meet seekea：leave mean e： fever evening ie：piece fieldei：receive ceilingi：policeey：keyeo：people單元音i口形扁平，嘴唇稍松開。上齒和下齒之間距離，約一個(gè)小指尖。舌尖抵

12、下齒，舌硬腭抬起，但舌位稍低。單元音ii：list missy：gym dictionarye：decide English ui：build u：busy businesso：womeney：money monkey單元音:發(fā)音時(shí)舌身平放。舌端離下齒，舌中部稍稍抬起。牙床接近半合，是中元音中牙床開得最小的一個(gè)。雙唇略扁平，向嘴角兩邊略拉開。單元音:ir：thirty thirdur：turn Thursday ear：earn earth er：verb termor：worm world ere：were單元音發(fā)音時(shí)舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，雙唇扁平。單元音e(r)：player speak

13、er or：actor author ou：delicious famous ar：familiar collaro：together tomorrow polite a：ago Japanu：support supply單元音: 發(fā)音時(shí)舌后部抬得比/高，雙唇收得圓而小，并向前突出。單元音: al：tall callor：short lord horseau：caught autumnou：four bought ar：warm quarrel單元音發(fā)音時(shí)，嘴巴放松張大，牙床全部張開。舌端離下齒，舌身低平后縮，舌后部稍抬高。單元音o：fox loss collara：want wash wha

14、tau：becauseow：knowledge單元音u:舌身后縮，舌后部盡量向軟腭抬起。牙床接近全合。雙唇收得極小而圓，但不發(fā)生摩擦。嘴形比/u/音更小，是后元音中雙唇收得最小最圓的一個(gè)。單元音u:oo：moon tootho：do twou：truth trueoe：shoe ou：soup group ui：fruit 單元音u舌后部抬起，舌身后縮，舌尖離開下齒。雙唇收?qǐng)A，稍突出。牙床半合。oo：look good foot stood book wood wool “好腳站在羊毛、木頭和書上”ou：should could u：pull pusho：woman wolf單元音a:發(fā)音時(shí)，

15、嘴巴放松張大，牙床全部張開。舌端離下齒，舌身低平后縮，舌后部稍抬高。這是后元音中舌位最低的一個(gè)。雙唇呈圓形，說(shuō)：“啊”。單元音a:ar：card gardenear：heartal：palm calm 注意：下面單詞在美音中發(fā)a：fast glass grass bananaal： halfau：laugh aunt單元音發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖和舌端兩側(cè)輕觸下齒，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍扁，開口度較大。單元音u：cut luck guno：love above ou：trouble rough toughoo：blood flood單元音e舌尖抵下齒，舌前部稍微抬起，舌位比/I/低。唇形扁平，嘴唇向兩

16、側(cè)微分，比/I/稍松開，上下齒之間的距離相當(dāng)于一個(gè)中指。單元音eea：ready measure weathere：lesson elephant remember a：many any ai：said again says單元音發(fā)音時(shí)，雙唇向兩邊平伸，張開嘴，嘴唇放松。牙床介于半開和開之間，上下齒間可容下食指加中指尖。舌尖輕觸下齒，舌前部微微抬起，舌位比/e/低。這個(gè)音是四個(gè)前元音中舌位最低、但開口最大的一個(gè)。單元音a：ant hat flag (fast class last glass plant banana)al：(half) au：(laugh aunt)雙元音雙元音ei字母a在重

17、讀開音節(jié)單詞中的讀音。先發(fā)/e/音，然后滑向/i/音。雙唇稍扁，口形從半開到合。a：name came ay：may way ea：great steak（牛排）ai：aid paint ey：grey prey(捕食、掠奪)雙元音ai/ai/為雙元音。先發(fā)/a/音，然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齒。發(fā)此音的關(guān)鍵是要把/a/音發(fā)足，注意從開到合的滑動(dòng)。i：fine high y：fly eye whyie：die tieuy：buyei：either neither(美式都發(fā)/i:/) height雙元音i發(fā)音時(shí)雙唇從圓到扁，口形從開到合。發(fā)好這個(gè)音的關(guān)鍵是首先要把后元音/a/發(fā)足，然后滑向/i

18、/音。oy：toy enjoyoi：voice toilet oil soil 雙元音au由/a/滑向/u/。舌位由低到高，口形由大到小。注意將音發(fā)足。ou：out flour countow：how down flower 雙元音u元音/滑向后元音/u/，舌位由半低到高，口形由半開到小。注意將音發(fā)足。o：so ghost ow：below grow show oa：boat goal coastou：shoulder soul雙元音i 從/i/音滑向/音。前面的/i/發(fā)得較清楚，后面的/較弱。雙唇始終半開。此音一定要發(fā)足。ea：idea theater reallyeer：beer cheer careerear：fear clearere：here sincereier：fierce雙元音e從/e/音滑向/音。發(fā)間時(shí)舌端抵下齒，前舌略抬起，雙唇半開，/音較輕。ear：pear wear air：fair pairere：there whereare：care bare compareeir：their heir雙元音u發(fā)音時(shí)，嘴唇從收?qǐng)A到半開。發(fā)好這個(gè)音的關(guān)鍵是首先要把/u/音發(fā)足，然后滑向/音。our：your tour oo