必修一Unit4全套預(yù)習(xí)和隨堂練習(xí)及重難點講解(含答案)

1、必修一 .Unit 4: Earthquakes基礎(chǔ)知能回扣Name Class No.Mark一.核心詞匯1重點單詞：1爆裂；爆發(fā)vi突然破 裂；爆發(fā)n.7使陷入困境vt.陷阱；困境n2廢墟；毀火n使破產(chǎn)； 毀滅vt.8埋葬；掩埋；vt.隱藏3損害；傷害vt.9升比起身,增瓦上升,vi.4破壞；毀壞；消滅 vt.10祝詞,賀辭常用復(fù)數(shù)n.5使）震驚；震動 vt.&vi休克；打擊；震 動n.11尊敬，敬意，榮譽，光榮 n.尊敬，給以榮譽vt.6救援；官救n.&vt12奇跡，驚奇，驚愕v. n.1 重點單詞:1. burst 2.ru in. 3.injure 4.destroy 5.shock

2、 6.rescue . 7.trap8. bury 9. rise 10. . congratulation 11. honor 12. wonder :2.詞形變化：用所給的詞的適當形式填空The river rose ten by the n. (footLook! Some people are up and dow n the street. (runThe earthquake was caused by the of plates. (movePeople try to predicate the disaster. (n atureHuma n have the power to

3、 stop earthquake. (beThe whole city was destroyed in the earthquake. (completeIm sorry to keep you so long, (waitThey carried the childre n to . (safeThe pipes for water un der the street burst. (carryas it may seem, it was a quiet ni ght. (amaze2.詞形變化答案：1. feet 2. running 3. moveme nt 4. n atural 5

4、.be ings6. completely 7. waiti ng 8. safety 9. carry ing 10.Amaz ing 二.高頻短語.2.握手4. 成為廢墟6.吹走、刮走8.根據(jù)來判斷10.挖掘12. 陷入/陷在下面14.以而自豪 75% I.碰巧做某事.突然哭/笑起來一.穿過、橫穿.倒塌.成千上萬 II.大量的.結(jié)束某事.對評價低/高. 1/3 2/3.發(fā)出氣味等)；分發(fā)；耗盡 18.發(fā)出氣味等) .贈送；泄露 20.作為 而知名 二.高頻短語.1. happe n to do 2.shake hands with sb3. burst into tears/ laught

5、er ; burst out crying/laughing4.in ruins 5.cut across 6.blow away 7.fall dow n8.judging .from 9.tens of thousands of 1O.dig outa great/ large nu mber of =a great/ good manybe trapped in/ un dercome to an end （ vi = put/ bring sth to an end = put/ bring an end to sthbe proud of / take pride in 15.thi

6、 nk little/ highly of16.o ne-third two-thirds seve nty-five perce nt17.give out 18.give off 19.give away 20.be known as三 . 重點句式 .ln fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of them died or were injured duri ng the earthquake. 50me of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped u

7、n der the rui ns.The number of people who were killed or injured in the earthquake reached more than 400,000. 語從句） .死傷的人數(shù)達到 40 多萬。Wed better prepare him for the bad n ews.我們最好讓他做好知道這個壞消息的心理準備。The army organized the rescue workers to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.定語從句） .部隊組織救援人員

8、將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。All hope was not lost. = Not all hope was lost. 部分否定）不是所有的希望都破滅了。None of us were allowed to go there. 全部否定）我們?nèi)疾辉S去那里。He rescued the man from drowning.他救了一男子使之免遭溺斃。An earthquake left the whole city in ruins.地震過后，全城到處是殘垣斷壁。I feel highly honoured by your trust.得到你的信任，我感到非常榮幸。Many people

9、 took shelter from the rain in the department store.許多人在百貨公司里避雨。It seemed that the world was at an end as the earthquake destroyed n early everyth ing.世界似乎到了末日，因為地震幾乎毀了一切。People bega n to won der how long the disaster would last.人們開始納悶，這場災(zāi)難還會持續(xù)多久？The one milli on people of the city, who thought litt

10、le of these stra nge eve nts, went to bed as usual that ni ght. gas came out from the cracks of wells and ani mals became 2（ n erve. At 3:00 am, everythi ng bega n to shake. Itseemed that the world was at 3 end. In fiftee n sec on ds, a large city lay in 4 _L 廢墟 ,and the number of people _5_ （受傷的 or

11、 killed reached more than 400,000. Water, food and _6 （electric were cut off and the railway tracks were 7（ use pieces of steel. But all hope was not lost.The rescue team _8_（ organize by the army came to help those 9_（ 幸存者 and slowly the citybegan to _10_ （呼吸 again.五 . 單詞拼寫 ：根據(jù)首字母或中文提示， 給出適當?shù)膯卧~S th

12、e bottle before you take the medic ine.We held the party in Tom h .Heari ng the bad n ews, the girl b into tears.She poured water all over my painting, and r it.The houses were d by an earthquake.He felt （清醒 after a rest.Throw away your dirty and （ 臭 socks.We took （躲避 from the storm in a barn.France

13、 is a （ 歐洲 country.Many men were （埋 underground when there was an accident at the mine.ll.Older stude nts were havi ng difficulty in study ing and o themselves.Without （電 , modern life would be very difficult.People bega n to won der how long the d would last.F water was take n to the city by train,

14、 truck and pla ne. （判斷 from his appeara nee, the man ger must be over fifty.Dead and （受傷的 people lay everywhere after the terrible accident.六 . 選詞填空of, across, in, by, with, from, on, toBecause his careless ness, he lost her purse.The train is leav ing five minu tes.The bookshop is just the street f

15、rom the school. work ing hard, he passed the maths exam.You n eed to wear warm clothes to protect you the cold.Your opinion has no effect his decisi on.I tried to persuade him, but no effect.The result of research can be applied new developme nt of tech no logy.六 .選詞填空答案： of in across By from on wit

16、h to七 . 句型鞏固1.那建筑物已成斷壁殘垣。2.那教堂已破敗不堪。3.因為不知道他的地址，我不能把這本書送給他。4.沒人注意，他從窗戶溜了出去。5.弁非這兩個學(xué)生喜歡這個故事。6.這兩個學(xué)生都不喜歡這個故事。七.句型鞏固答案：1. The building is in ruins.2. The church has fallen into ruin.3. Not knowing his address, I can t send this book to him.4. Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.5.Bot

17、h of the students don t like the story.6. Neither of the students likes the story.八.單句改錯I don t doubt whether I m able to finish the work on time.Would you be kind as to turn off the TV set?Do you know what do these words mean?Hearing her name calling, she rushed out of the room.Do you know anything

18、 about the accident happened in the village yesterday?The little girl hurried home with the remained money.Speak slowly and try to make yourself understandThe population of Zhengzhou is fewer than that of Beijing.My father has two brothers , both of them are all Party members.I followed Mr.Smith ent

19、ering the office. 八.單句改錯答案1 drop don t 2 be-be so 3 drop “do 4 calling-called 5 happened-that happened 6.remained- remaining 7.understand-understood 8.fewer-smaller 9.them-whom 10.entering-into九.單項選擇：75% of the land with trees.A. is covered B. are covered C. covers D. coverIt is work of art that eve

20、ryone wants to have a look at it.A. so unusualB. such unusual C. such an unusual D. so an unusual“ Earthquake! ” someone shouted. I woke up and felt the earth _ . I _ fear and couldn tstand up.A. was shaking; shook withB. was being shaken; shook forC. is shaking; was shaken by D. moving; shaken with

21、The vase fell the table, breaking into pieces.A. down B. out C. off D. toI m glad he agreed my advice. Finally, he and I agreed the time for the party.A. taking; to B. /; on C. to take; onD. to take; withYour mother is waiting for you. Come back as soon as possibly B. as quickly as soonC. as soon as

22、 possibleI was ill, so I stayed inA. the; go to schoolD. as possible as you can bed all day instead of D. /; to go tothe; going to school C./; going to schoolschoolpeople went to watch the football match.A. Thousands B. Two thousands C. Two thousand D. Two thousand ofGive the books to the children.A

23、. out B. off C. in D. up from what he said, we know he was afraid at that time.A. Judged B. Judging C. To judge D. JudgeI feel to be invited to speak here.A. honour B. honoured C. it an honour D. both B and C Water supply and electricity of thevillage during the earth quake.A. was cut offB. were cut

24、 downC. was cut awayD. were cut offShe was frightened the sight of a mouse.A. with B. at C. in D. onWhat do you know the strike for?A. was broken out B. was broken up C. broke out D. broke upThe young girls used umbrellas to protect themselves from the hot sun.A. raised B. raising C. risen D. rising

25、Actually there was no use Joan there that day.A. for sending B. of you to send C. sent D. sendingyour timely help.A. Thank to you; for B. Thank you; to C. Many thanks to you; for D. Thanks you; forstudents attended the party.A. The number of B. A number C. Numbers of D. The numberThe students the mi

26、d-term examination these days.A. are preparing B. are preparing for C. were preparing D. were preparing forThe building has look.A. a Europe B. a European C. an European D. an EuropeHe felt at the news which came as shock to us, too.A. shocked; / B. shocked; a C. shocking; / D. shocking; aThe house

27、was completely in the great fire.A. hurt B. injured C. damaged D. destroyedI gave the papers to every one of the class, except, of course, the who hadalready come to the office to collect .A. those; them B. those; itC. ones; them D. one; itAll our efforts will certainly lead to more peaceful and mor

28、e advanced world, place where everyone enjoys his life and freedom.A. the; aB. a; the C. a; a D. the; theThough already a boy of 14,.and he had to support a family of fourbut he s still dressed up and washed by his parentshe worked hard from morning till nighthis brain power is just like that of a b

29、aby 九。單項選擇A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. C 18. C19.B 20. B 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. D十.語法專練 ： Test for Grammar(1.The famous basketball star, tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of atte ntio n.A. where B. whe n C. whichD. who(2.She hea

30、rd a terrible no ise, brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. thisD. that(3.York, I visited last year, is a n ice old city.A. that B. which C. whereD. in which(4.The English play my students acted at the New Year party was a great success,A. for which B. at which C. i n which D. on which

31、(5.Is this factory you visited last Sun day?A. the one B. which C. thatD. where(6.They ask about the things and teachers they still remembered in the school.A. which B. that C. whomD. that and who(7.I will always remember those days I spe nt with him saili ng on the sea.A. on that B. on which C. whe

32、 nD. which(8.His En glish, used to be very poor, is now excelle nt.A. that B. which C. itD. whom(9.George Orwell, was Eric Arthur, wrote many political no vels and essays.A. the real n ame B. what his real n ame C. his real n ame D. whose real n ame (10. is reported in the n ewspaper, talks betwee n

33、 the two coun tries are mak ingprogress.A. It B. As C. ThatD. What十 . 語法專練Keys:1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.B 9. D 10 B將下列句子改寫成定語從句Have you found the bike? You are look ing for the bike.The book is very in teresti ng. I bought the book yesterday.I saw some trees. Their leaves were black with diseas

34、e.The girl is our mon itor. She is play ing the pia no over there.He was born in a tow n. The tow n is far away from the city.1 1.Have you found the bike (that/which you are looking for?The book ( that/ which I bought yesterday is very in teresti ng.I saw some trees whose leaves were black with dise

35、ase.The girl who/ that is play ing the pia no over there is our mon itor.He was born in a town that/ which is far away from this city.Un it 4 Earthquakes 學(xué)案語言要點 模塊) 單元要點預(yù)覽 旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點)詞 匯 部 分詞語辨析con gratulate / celebratedestroy / ruin / damage / harmrise / raise / lifthurt /injure / wound詞形變化1. f

36、righten vt.嚇唬；使驚嚇frightened n.受驚的；受恐嚇的frightening adj.令人 恐懼的2. n atio n n.民族；國家；國民national adj.民族的；國家的3. suffer v.受古；吃苦 頭sufferi ng n. 古難；痛占sufferer n.殳古者；受 難者重點單詞burst v.&n.爆裂，爆發(fā)，突然破裂ruin v.&n.毀滅，使破產(chǎn)，遺跡，廢墟 名詞時常用復(fù)數(shù)）rescue n.&vt.援救，宮救judge n.&v.法官，鑒賞家，裁判，判斷，估計重點詞組right away 立刻,馬上at an end 結(jié)束，終結(jié)in ste

37、ad of 代替,而可、tens of thousa nds of 數(shù)以萬計的重點句子Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.All hope was not lost.重點語法定語從句 1. con gratulate / celebrate 【解釋】con gratulate對他人祝賀為目的，側(cè)重以言語表示祝賀。celebrate通常指舉行盛大隆重的儀式慶祝或紀念有意義的日子或某件事情。側(cè)重指以行動來慶祝生日、節(jié)日等。【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空1. I you on your success.2. We h

38、eld a party to our success.destroy / ruin / damage / harm【解釋】destroy表示在肉體上、精神上或道義上的徹底摧毀，使之無法恢復(fù)，也可以表示對某物體進行完全的毀壞。ruin 一般指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打擊的結(jié)果，常指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。damage 一般指對物體或生命的局部損傷，使整體的價值或作用降低或變得無價值、無 作用。這種 損傷可以是暴力的或一次性破壞的結(jié)果，也可以指非暴力的長期損害的結(jié)果。harm 一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷及人的健康、權(quán)利、事業(yè)等。rise / raise

39、/ lift【解釋】rise普通用詞，指具體的抽象的事物由低向高移動。raise及物動詞，多指把某物從低處升到高處。lift語氣比raise強，指用體力或機械的力舉起或抬起某物?！揪毩?xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空1. She her eyes from her work.2.me up, mummy-I can see.3. The pla ne was the n able to and it cleared the mountains by 300 feet.hurt / injure / woundhurt 一般用語，即可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神和情感方面的傷害。injure比

40、hurt正式，一般指由于意外或事故而受傷，很少指精神方面的傷害wou nd指外傷，如槍傷、刀傷、劍傷等，尤指在戰(zhàn)爭中受傷?！揪毩?xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空1. The soldier was in the arm in the war.2. She was slightly in an accide nt duri ng the work.3. I was very much at his words.I詞語辨析1. 1. con gratulate2. celebrate1. raised2. Lift3. rise1. wou nded 2. injured 3. HurtII詞

41、性變化 We are talk ing about and intern atio nal issues. (n atio n childre n were call ing for their mothers. (frighte n The child to death by the viole nt thun derstorm. (frighte nIt is even to thi nk of the horrors of nu clear war. (frighte nWe huge losses in the finan cial crisis. (sufferTheyre arth

42、ritis. (sufferThere is so much in this world. (sufferII詞性變化答案：1 nations2 national3 Frightened4was frighte ned5 frighte ning 6 suffered7 sufferers8 sufferi ng川重點詞匯 .The red balloon sudde nly burst.那個紅色的氣球突然爆了。2. The police burst through the door. 警察破門而入。3. On heari ng the n ews, Leslie burst i nto la

43、ughter while Tracy burst out crying.一聽到這則消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy則突然大哭起來。4. A burst of han d-clapp ing followed the ending of the song.歌聲結(jié)束后響起了一陣掌聲。重點用法burst into laughter = burst out laugh ing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying突然大哭 練習(xí)中譯英1.水管在寒冷的天氣里經(jīng)常凍裂。2.太陽突然從云端里露出來。rescue n.&vt.援救，營救典例1. The poli

44、ce came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察來救他，把他從河里拉了 出來。2. The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.營救隊在這次地震期間進行了無數(shù)次救援。3. Michael rescued a boy from drowning.邁克把溺水的男孩救了 起來。重點用法rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把從. 營救出來come to/ go to sb s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a res

45、cue team 救援隊a rescue mission 救援任務(wù)rescue workers 救援人員練習(xí)用rescue的適當形式填空1. The mother, along with her two children, from the sinking boat by a passing ship.2. The firemen five children from the burning house yesterday.judge n.&v.法官，鑒賞家，裁判，判斷，估計典例1. His father used to be a judge.他的父親過去是一名法官。2. Shes a goo

46、d judge of wine.她是鑒別酒的專家。3. The blind can tjudge colors.盲人無法判斷顏色。4. Don tjudge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。重點用法judge sb./ sth. by/from 通過. 判斷.as far as I judge 我認為judging from從. 來看,根據(jù). 判斷練習(xí)用與judge相關(guān)的詞匯填空1. his appearance,he must be a rich man.2. , he must be from the south.ruin v.&n.毀滅，使破產(chǎn)，遺跡，廢墟 . The

47、 hurricane ruined all the houses here.颶風(fēng)使這里所有的房屋成為廢墟。2. He ruined his prospects by carelessness.他因疏忽大意而斷送了 前途。重點用法be in ruins 呈一片廢墟 fall into ruin 變成廢墟 come to ruin 毀滅，落空ruin oneself 自我毀滅 bring sb. to ruin 使毀滅練習(xí)中譯英1.那建筑物已成斷壁殘垣。2. 那教堂已破敗不堪。川重點詞匯答案 : 1. Water-pipes often burst in cold weather.2. The s

48、un burst through the clouds.答案:1.has been rescued 2. rescued答案:1.Judging 2. In her judgment答案:1.The building is in ruins.2. The church has fallen into ruin.IV 重點詞組 .I ll return the book to you right away. 我會馬上還書給你。2. If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away.如果戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，我們將立即被征召服役。 短語歸納 “立刻，馬上

49、”的表達方式：right away ， right now ， at once ， immediately ， in no time練習(xí) 中譯英1. 請立刻把它打印出來。 at an end 結(jié)束，終結(jié). The war was finally at an end. 戰(zhàn)爭終于結(jié)束了。 短語歸納 與 end 搭配的常用短語by the end of 在 末為止at the end of 在 末尾in the end 最后，終于make ends meet 收支相抵at a loose end 無所事事，處于雜亂狀態(tài)練習(xí) 用 at the end of, by the end of 和 in th

50、e end 填空。1. How many English words have you learned last term?2. He became an outstanding doctor .3. My uncle will fly to China this year.instead of 代替，而不是典例1. The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. 中國人不用刀叉,用筷子。2. Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time. 杰克不去工作,虛度著光陰。3. Sh

51、e decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她決定星期日而不是星期一離開這里。 短語歸納 是復(fù)合介代替、而insteadinstead 是副詞，單獨使用，用于句首或句末作狀語，意為 “代替；相反”。 instead of詞，后接名詞、代詞、或動名詞，其后面的動作，意為in place of 為介詞短語，也是 “代替、而不 ”的意思，表 “以甲代乙 ”，不含比，of 則 用甲不用乙”，除代替”外，還有對乙作否定的意思，有時意為 不”。take the place of 作謂語，用在名詞、代詞前。練習(xí)單項選擇。1. Tractors ho

52、rses in many places.A. i n place of B. have take n the place of C. i nstead D. i nstead of2. You should be out play ing work ing in doors all day.A. in spite of B. take the place of C. in stead D. in stead oftens of thousa nds of 數(shù)以萬計的典例1. Tens of thousands of people were watching the game in the st

53、adium when it began to rain heavily.短語歸納hun dreds of 數(shù)百的 hun dreds of and thousa nds of成百上千的thousa nds of 數(shù)千的 millions of 數(shù)百萬的doze ns of 許多； 大量scores of 許多； 大量China.B. ten thousands ofD. thousa nds upon thousa ndsB. scores ofD. two scores3. at the end of練習(xí)選擇填空1. Every year foreig n visitors come to

54、A. tens of thousa nds of C. over ten thousands2. There were people in the hall.A. two scores of C. two and scoreIV重點詞組1 ?答案 1. I want it typed right away, please.2?答案 1. by the end of2. in the end.答案:1. B 2. D.答案：1. A 2. BV重點句子 旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老

55、鼠跑到地里找地方躲。解釋這句話中的looking for places to hide 是作ran out of the fields 的伴隨狀況，這是動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式的一個用法。現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。1）現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語，相當于一個時間狀語從句，有時可由連詞when, while引出。While readi ng the book, he no dded from time to time. 他一邊看書，一邊不時地點頭。Seei ngthose pictures, she remembered her childhood.看至U那些畫，

56、 他想起了她的童年。2）現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語，相當于一個原因狀語從句。如：Not knowing his address, I can send this book to him.因為不知道他的地址，我不能把這本書送給他。Many of us, being so excited, couldn tgo to sleep that night.因為非常激動，那晚我們許多人都沒睡著。3）現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。如：His father died, leavi ng him a lot of mon ey.他父親死了，留給他許多錢。She was so angry that she threw t

57、he toy on the gro und, break ing it into pieces.她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。4）現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中間，表示主語的另一個、較次要的動作。如：They stood there for half an hour watch ing the stars in the sky.他們在那兒站了半小時，觀察著天上的星星。Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.年輕人跟在老人的后面開始慢慢地走起來。5）現(xiàn)在分詞間或也可作條件狀語和讓

58、步狀語，相當于一個狀語從句。如： A pers on sta nding at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small. 一個人如站在大山的腳下會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很渺小。Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。注：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語就是整個句子的主語。.因為不知道他的地址，我不能把這本書送給他。2.沒人注意，他從窗戶溜了出去。2. AJLhope was notlost.弁不是所有的希望都破滅了。解釋 All the

59、 stude nts do not know how to deal with the problem. = Not all the stude nts know how to deal with the problem.弁非所有的學(xué)生都知道如何解決個問題。I don know all of them.我弁不認識他們所有的人。表示 全體”意義的代詞、副詞或形容 all, both, every, everybody, always等和否定副詞not連用時表部分否定,而none, neither, nobody, nothing等表完全否定。如：Every one does n like the

60、 story. = Not every one likes the story.弁非每個人都喜歡這個故事。Nobody likes the story.沒人喜歡這個故事。Both of the students don like the story.弁非這兩個學(xué)生這個故事。Neither of the stude nts likes the story.這兩個學(xué)生都不喜歡這個故事。練習(xí)中譯英1.弁非這兩個學(xué)生這個故事。2.課文佳句背誦與仿寫 = put/ bring sth to an end = put/ bring an end to sthbe proud of / take pride