從句專項訓練

1、星火教育弓I導教育專寄 個性化教學輔導教案學科：英語任課教師：袁老師授課時間：2013年4月20日（星期日）8：00-10：00姓名年級：教學課題初中從句專項訓練階段基礎(chǔ)（V）提高（V）強化（）課時計戈U第（）次課共（）次課教學目標知識點：方法：講與練結(jié)合重點難點重點：難點：教學內(nèi)容與教學過程課前作業(yè)完成情況：檢查優(yōu)口良口中口差口建議考點歸納十六：狀語從句一、引導詞的選擇：1時間狀語從句由when、while、as（當時候），after/before（在.之后/前）,assoonas（一就）,notuntil（直到才）引導的時間狀語從句。Whenjackgothome,hismotherwas

2、cooking.Thefootballmatchplayedafterschoolwasover.IllringyouassoonasIreachBeijing.Theydidntstopuntiltheyfinishedthework.2原因狀語從句由because、since、as（因為、既然、由于）引導的原因狀語從句。Sinceyouhaveknownaboutthat,pleasetelluswhattodo地點狀語從句由wherever（無論在哪兒）引導的地點狀語從句。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.目的狀語從句由sothat（以便、為的

3、是）引導目的狀語從句。Hegotupveryearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.條件狀語從句由訐或unless引導條件狀語從句。IwontgotohispartyunlessIaminvited.比較狀語從句由than、as.as、notasas引導比較狀語從句。Therearemorestudentsinourclassthanintheirs.讓步狀語從句由though、eventhough/if、although引導讓步狀語從句。Althoughhedidntpasstheexam,hisfatherdidntgetangrywithhim.方式狀語從句

4、由as訐(好像)引導方式狀語從句。Hetalkedaboutthatasifhekneweverything.9結(jié)果狀語從句由so.that.、suchthat.(如此以致于)引導結(jié)果狀語從句。Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldntseetheroad.二、狀語從句與主句的時態(tài)問題1時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句與主句的時態(tài)不一致。(主句用將來時，而時間、條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時)Ifit(notrain)tomorrow,we(go)toclimbthehill.He(become)asodierwhenhe(grow)up.since引導的時間狀語從句。Itis+時間+

5、since+一般過去時It(be)tenyearssincewe(leave)thatcity.由when、while引導的時間狀語從句的時態(tài)：主句(過去進行時)+when+從句(一般過去時)主句(一般過去時)+when+從句(過去進行時)主句(一般過去時)+while+從句(過去進行時)主句(過去進行時)+while+從句(過去進行時)注意：看動詞為短暫性動詞用一般過去時，動詞為延續(xù)性動詞則用過去進行時。Mother(cook)supperwhenI(get)homeyesterday.LastSundayI(meet)LinHongwhenI(walk)inthestreet.WhileH

6、anMeimei(sweep)thefloor,Lucy(carry)water.Whenthestudents(have)ameeting,theteacher(come)in.4.由when、after、before、bythetime引導的時間狀語從句的時態(tài)：主、從句的謂語動作都以完成，則先發(fā)生的動作用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時。Whenthey(get)tothecinemalastlight,thefilm(start).I(go)outwithmyfriendsafterI(finish)allthehomeworklastnight.練習：Iwillsendyouane

7、-mailassoonasIinCanada.A.arriveB.arrivedC.amarrivingIftherenobuyingandsellingofanimals,therenokillinginnature.A.is;willheB.willbe;willbeC.is;isD.willbe;isImwaitingformyfriend.Illgoshoppingalone.A.IfshecomesB.IfshewontcomeC.IfshedoesntcomeMr.Greenspeaksveryloudlyallthepeoplecanhearhimclearly.A.whenB.

8、sothatC.becauseYoucantwatchTVyoufinishyourhomework.A.beforeB.訐C.whileAssoonaswethere,wellbegintoplanttrees.A.arrivedB.arriveC.willarriveThestudentshaveasportsmeetingthisweekend訐it.A.wont;rainsB.will;rainsC.wont;willrainDonttalkloudlyatthemeeting.Ifyou,youwillhavetoleave.A.doB.areC.did9.Idontknow訐she

9、tomybirthdaypartytomorrow.Ifshe,Illbeveryhappy.A.comes;comesB.willcome;comesC.comes;willcome10一WhenwillyoucometoDaqing?一IwillcallyouIarrive.A.tillB.whileC.assoonas星火教育引導教育專寄星火教育引導教育專寄 中考考點十七：賓語從句一、直接引語變間接引語人稱的變化：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。.“一隨主”指若直接引語中的主語為第一人稱時，變間接引語時應(yīng)與主句的主語人稱一致.Shesaid“Ilikeplayingbasketball”

10、.Shesaidthatplayingbasketball.“二隨賓”指若直接賓語中的主語為第二人稱時，變間接賓語時應(yīng)與主句的賓語人稱一致.SheaskedTom“CanIhavealookatyourpicture”.SheaskedTomfcouldhavealookatpicture.“第三人稱不更新”指若直接賓語中的主語為第三人稱時，變間接賓語時人稱保持不變Shesaidtome“Theywanttohelpme”.Shetoldmethattohelpme.2指示代詞，時間、地點狀語的變化直接引語間接引語指示代詞thisthatthatthose時間nowthen狀語todaytha

11、tdaythismorningthatmorningthreedaysagothreedaysbeforeLastweektheweekbeforetomorrowthenext/followingdaynextyearthenextyear地點狀語herethere動詞comego二.賓語從句的考查賓語從句在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。1.考查賓語從句的語序：賓語從句的語序用陳述句語序。即“主語+謂語+Doyouknowwhen?doesthenexttrainleaveB.thenexttrainleavesC.wil

12、lthenexttrainleaveD.thenexttrainwillleave注：若從句時疑問句，但語序不變的有：.who在從句中作主語。Canyoutellme?(誰將來這兒).whatswrong/thematter?Heaskedwhatwasthematterwithme.whathappenedIdontknowwhathappenedyesterday.whichisthewayto?Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepark?2考查賓語從句的引導詞.若賓語從句時陳述句時，引導詞用that且that可省掉。Shesaid“Imgaldtoseeyou”

13、=Shesaidgaldtoseeme.賓語從句時一般疑問句時，引導詞用訐或whether.一般情況下f/whether可互換,但后有ornot/or、動詞不定式或介詞的后面時，只能用whether.Hesakedme“AreyougoingtoWuhan?”=HeaskedmegoingtoWuhan.Imthinkingabouttogothere.ifB.whetherC.that.賓語從句時特殊疑問句時，引導詞用特殊疑問詞。Doyouknow?Imnotsure,Maybeheisabusinessman.A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoes

14、hedo.若賓語從句時肯定祈使句時，就改為ask/tellsbtodosth.若為否定祈使句，就改為ask/tellsbnottosth.“Dontopenthedoor”Theteachersaid.=Theteachertoldmethedoor.3.賓語從句的時態(tài)如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態(tài)就用什麼時態(tài)。Canyoutellme?Heisadoctor.A.whatisheB.whathewasC.whatheisD.whatwashe如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時)。Heasked.A.wha

15、ttimeitisB.whattimeisitC.whattimeitwasD.whattimewasitHetoldmethatheforthesportsmeet.A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.willprepareD.hasprepared注：1)如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。OurteachersaidthatJanuary(be)thefirstmonthoftheyear.Ourteachersaidthattheearth(go)aroundthesun.2).若主句為couldyou.?表示請求客氣的語氣，從句的時態(tài)仍然不變。

16、Couldyoutellme?A.whathewasdoingB.whatwashedoingC.whatheisdoingD.whatishedoing4.if/when引導狀語從句和賓語從句這兩種從句。從句的時態(tài)的確定。訐Whenif/when從句的時態(tài)條件/時間狀語從句如果、假如當?shù)臅r候一般現(xiàn)在時賓語從句是否什么時候一般將來時Canyouguess訐theytoplayfootballwithus?Ithinktheywillcome訐theyfree.A.come,areB.willcome,willbeC.willcome,areD.come,willbeCanyoutellmewh

17、enheheretomorrow?Whenhehere,pleasecallme.星火教育弓I導教育專寄星火教育弓I導教育專寄 A.comes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.comes,willcome5.賓語從句的簡化：.賓語從句是陳述句時，且主、從句的主語一致，可簡化為“動詞+todosth”.IhopeIcanmeetyouagain.Ihopeyouagain.賓語從句是疑問句時，且主、從句的主語一致，或從句的主語與主句的賓語一致。可簡化為“疑問詞+todosth”.IdontknowwhatIshoulddonext.Idontk

18、nownext.CouldyoutellmehowIcangetthere?Couldyoutellmethere?Johndidntdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidntdecide.hear/see/find+that+從句，可改為“hear/see/find+sb(要用賓格)+doingsth”.Iheardthattheyweresinginginthenextroom.=Iheardinthenextroom.Wefoundthatshewasplayingwiththecatunderthetree.Wefoundwiththecatunderth

19、etree.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme?A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit一Excuseme.CouldyoutellmeIcangettotheSpaceMuseum?-Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.whereB.howC.訐D.whyDoyouknowthenewmobilephonelastweek?-Maybe900yuan.Imnotquitesure.A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwil

20、lshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayforMichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthatshesucceeds.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.whereAliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.Itsabout.howdidAliceendtheRedQueensreignofterror（恐怖統(tǒng)治）whatdidAliceendtheRedQueensreignofterrorhowAliceendedtheRedQueensreignofterrorwhatAliceen

21、dedtheRedQueensreignofterror一Doyouknowthegirlinredis?-Imnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what一Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?-TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD.whatIwanttoknow.whenweshouldarriveattheairportwhenshouldwearriveattheairportwhentheairportweshouldarrivea

22、t考點歸納十八：定語從句一、定語從句（一）：定語從句的概念：在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。關(guān)系詞：引導定語從句的連詞叫關(guān)系詞。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引導的定語從句。關(guān)系詞指代在定語從句中的作用that既指人也指物作主語、賓語which指物作主語、賓語who指人作主語whom指人作賓語whose既指人也指物作定語星火教育引導教育專寄星火教育引導教育專寄 二、定語從句(二)先行詞是物時，一般情況既可用that也可用which.但下

23、列情況下，只能用that不用which。.當先行詞為扌旨物的不定代詞，女口all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、theone等時，只能用that。ThereisnothingIcandoforyou.當先行詞被theonly、thevery、thelast、all、no、little等詞修飾時，只能用that。ThisistheverybookImlookingfor.先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時，只能用that。ThisisthefirstnextbookIstudiedinthemiddleschool.先行詞為最高級或被最高級修飾時，只能用

24、that。ThisisthemostbeautifulmountainIhaveeverseen.=Ihaveseenabeautifulmountian.先行詞既有人也有物時，只能that。Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersonswehad.先行詞是物時，一般情況既可用that也可用which.但下列情況下，只能用which不用that。.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時，關(guān)系詞只能用which。Thisisthebuildinginhelives.先行詞本身是that時，關(guān)系詞只能用which。Theclockisthattellsthetime.引導非限定性的定語

25、從句(先行詞是物且先行詞與關(guān)系詞用逗號隔開)，關(guān)系詞用whichoHisbook,waslostlastweek,hasbeenfoundnow.先行詞是人時，一般情況下既可用who也可用that。但以下情況下，只能用who。.當先行詞為those、one、ones、anyone且作主語時，一般用who。Thosearesingingareallmyclassmates.在therebe句型中，先行詞指人時，只能用who。指物時用that。Thereisagirlexpectstoseeyou.當先行詞是I、you、he、they等時，只能用who。Heplayswithfiregetsbur

26、ned.三、定語從句(三)由關(guān)系副詞when、where、why引導的定語從句。where=in/at+whichwhen=in/on/at+whichwhy=for+which由where引導的定語從句。1).先行詞是表示地點的名詞2).在定語從句中作地點狀語Isthisthehouseyoulived?=Isthisthehouseyoulived?=Isthisthehouseyoulivedin?由when引導的定語從句。1).先行詞是表示時間的名詞2).在定語從句中作時間狀語IwillneverforgetthedaysImethim.=Iwillneverforgetthedays

27、Imethim.注：先行詞是thelasttime時，when可省略。Whenwasthelasttimeyousawtheparrot?由why引導的定語從句。先行詞為reason時，一般用why。why在句中作原因狀語。Wedontknowthereasontheydidntcome.四、注意事項：1關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語時，常可省略。Thestoryhetoldwasverypopular.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD./that、who、which在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。Ilovessingerswho(write)theirownson

28、gs.Sheisoneofthegirlswho(study)hard.3在定語從句中不能出現(xiàn)代替先行詞的人稱代詞。Willyoupleaseshowmethebookyesterday?A.whichyouboughtB.thatyouboughtitC.youboughtD.youboughtit定語從句中whose的確定：無論先行詞是人或物，在定語從句中做定語用whoseo判斷：看定語從句的主語前有無限定詞(my、your、Jims等)，若沒有，則用whose。ThegirlparentsworkinBeijingisKate.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.thatIknowtheboy.Hishandwritingisverygood.=Iknowtheboyhandwritingisverygood.五、定語從句的簡化把定語從句簡化為形容詞短語、過去分詞短語、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞短語。Shereceivedaboxwhichwasfullofpresents.Sherec