音樂及樂器術(shù)語

1、 音樂及樂器術(shù)語音樂及樂器術(shù)語音樂及樂器術(shù)語musicandinstruments音樂及樂器術(shù)語alto男高音，女低音tenor次中音baritone上低音,男中音bass低音soprano女高音mezzo-soprano女次高音sharp高半音符號,升號flat調(diào)號natural（sign）本位號staff,stave五線譜a,b,c,d,e,f,g唱名la,si,do,re,mi,fa,solgclef,trebleclef高音譜號fclef,bassclef低音譜號cclef,tenorclef,altoclef中音譜號semibreve全音符（美作:wholenote）minim二分音

2、符（美作:halfnote）dottedcrotchet四分音符（美作:dottednote,quarternote）quaver八分音符（美作:eighthnote）semiquaver十六分音符（美作31乂133位卜note）demisemiquaver三十二分音符（美作:thirty-secondnote）hemidemisemiquaver六十四分音符（美作:sixty-fourthnote）rest休止符crotchetrest四分休止符（美作浦口己謳rest）semitone半音pause休止time,bar拍子rhythm節(jié)奏three-fourtime三四拍子syncope,s

3、yncopation切分音tone音程pitch基音majorkey大調(diào)minorkey小調(diào)scale音階arpeggio琶音solfeggio視唱solmization階名唱法diapason,range音域tuningfork音叉metronome節(jié)拍器chord和弦,諧音cadence調(diào)音counterpoint多聲部音樂lyrics,words歌詞score總譜,樂譜orchestra樂隊conductor樂隊指揮baton樂隊指揮棒band管樂隊solo獨(dú)奏,獨(dú)唱duet,duo二重奏,二重唱trio三重奏,三重唱quartet,quartette四重奏,四重唱quintet五重奏,

4、五重唱choir,choralsociety合奏,合唱grandpiano三角鋼琴,大鋼琴keyboard鍵盤key鍵pedal踏板string琴弦hammer琴槌pianola自動鋼琴harpsichord擊弦古鋼琴organ管風(fēng)琴register,organstop調(diào)音器harmonium風(fēng)琴barrelorgan手搖風(fēng)琴bowedinstruments弓弦樂器violin小提琴viola中提琴cello,violoncello大提琴contrabass,doublebass低音提琴harp豎琴zither齊特拉琴,九弦琴lyre里拉琴,七弦琴lute詩琴,硫特琴chineselute,琵

5、琶banjo班卓琴guitar吉他electricguitar電吉他firststring第一弦bassstring低音弦soundhole音孔soundbox音箱mute,sourdine弱音器bow弦弓plectrum撥子fret品neck琴頸nut回紋柱bridge琴馬,弦馬woodwind(instrument)木管樂器flute橫笛pipe,shawm蘆笛harmonica,mouthorgan口琴oboe洋塤bagpipes風(fēng)笛a(bǔ)ccordion手風(fēng)琴englishhorn,tenoroboe,coranglais英國管clarinet單簧管bassoon低音管,巴松管brassinstruments銅管樂器doublebassoon,contrabassoon倍低音管horn,trumpet小號cornet軍號,短號trombone低音號saxophone薩克管mouthpiece哨嘴reed簧片key鍵piston活塞drum,kettledrum鼓tambourine手鼓smalltambouri